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1.
Chinese Journal of Behavioral Medicine and Brain Science ; (12): 309-312, 2010.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-389993

ABSTRACT

Objective To investigate the effects of bisphenol A(BPA)exposure to perinatal on learning and memory behaviour in F1 generation male rats.Methods From the 11th day of gestation to the 7th day of field test was used to detect the locomotion activity,the Morris water maze was employed to measure learning and memory ability and long-term potentiation(LTP)were recorded to detect the synaptic plasticity in hippocampus CA1 with extracellular recording.Results The crossing number of BPA group(70.35±13.56)was much more than control group((29.32±14.12),P<0.05).The number of standing up and ornament of BPA group((38.52±6.52),(6.26±2.78))were both higher than control group((10.35±8.38),(2.67±1.46),P<0.05).BPA rats had longer escape latencies to find platform((55.22±5.78)s)than control rats((21.22±2.65)s,P<0.05).Conditional protocol with high-frequency stimulation evoked a stable LTP in hippocampus CA1 region in control rats((162.13±10.12)%),however the LTP could not be induced with the same conditional protocol in BPA-exposed rats((101.05±7.58)%,P<0.05).Conclusion Perinatal BPA exposure impaires learning and memory ability in F1 generation male rats related to presynaptic dysfunction.

2.
Colomb. med ; 38(1,supl.1): 24-33, ene.-mar. 2007.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-586377

ABSTRACT

La deficiencia de hierro es el trastorno hematológico más frecuente alrededor del mundo y afecta a 2,000 millones de personas aproximadamente, de los cuales 77 millones viven en América Latina y el Caribe. La deficiencia de hierro tiene un espectro que va desde la reducción y agotamiento de las reservas de hierro, hasta la reducción de las células rojas y de la concentración de hemoglobina. En consecuencia, hay deficiencias de hierro sin anemia. Los niños son uno de los grupos más vulnerables a esta deficiencia, debido al rápido período de crecimiento cerebral, en especial durante los dos primeros años de vida. El hierro es uno de los principales sustratos que soportan y permiten el desarrollo y la actividad metabólica de múltiples procesos a nivel cerebral, entre los cuales se encuentra el proceso de mielinización. Una insuficiente disponibilidad de hierro en un período de alta incorporación de éste en el tejido cerebral, que coincide con el período de mielinización del tejido nervioso, puede proveer una base fisiológica para explicar los efectos conductuales observados cuando hay deficiencias del micronutriente. De la misma manera, la deficiencia de hierro afecta la regulación y la conducción de neurotransmisores como la serotonina, la dopamina y GABA. La alteración de los receptores y transportadores de dopamina, compromete en los infantes las respuestas afectivas y el funcionamiento cognoscitivo, y los de los receptores GABA, la coordinación de patrones de movimiento y memoria. La importancia consiste que cuando ocurre un déficit de hierro cerebral en etapas tempranas, los daños ocurridos persisten en la etapa adulta, más allá de la recuperación de la anemia durante los primeros meses de vida.


The iron deficiency is the more frequent hematological dysfunction around the world and it affects approximately to 2000 million people, of which 77 millions live in Latin America and the Caribbean. The iron deficiency has a spectrum that goes from the reduction and exhaustion of the iron reservations, until the reduction of the red cells and of the hemoglobin concentration. In consequence, there are iron deficiencies without anemia. The children are one of the most vulnerable groups to this deficiency, due to the quick period of cerebral growth, especially during the first two years of life. Iron is one of the main substrates that support and allow the development and the metabolic activity of multiple processes at brain, among which is the myelination process. An insufficient iron readiness in a period of high incorporation of this in the cerebral fabric, coinciding with the myelinization period of the nervous fabric, can provide a physiologic base of explanation to the observed behavioral effects when there are deficiencies of the micronutrient. In the same way, the iron deficiency affects the regulation and the neurotransmitters conduction of serotonin, dopamine and GABA. Alteration of the receivers and dopamine transporters, imply in the infants the affective answers and the operation cognitive, and those of the receiving GABA, the coordination of movement patterns and memory. The importance consists that when it happens a deficit of cerebral iron in early stages, those damages persist in the adulthood, beyond the recovery of the anemia during the first months of life. These cerebral alterations are reflected long term in a delay of the mental and physical development of the children that they have had anemia, and its consequence of minor r school acting, with high levels of repetition of grades and desertion of the primary school in economically poor communities. However, the results of the diverse investigations carried out in this fiel.


Subject(s)
Child , Anemia , Child , Cerebrum/growth & development , Mental Processes , Psychomotor Performance , Underachievement
3.
Hacia promoc. salud ; (8): 101-114, nov. 2003.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-479437

ABSTRACT

La lactancia materna durante el primer semestre de la vida es un objetivo deseable y una meta propuesta por diversos organismos internacionales. Desde 1990, la Asamblea de la OMS establece “proteger y promover la lactancia materna exclusiva como un componente de las políticas y los programas de salud, de tal forma que todos los niños y niñas tengan la posibilidad de ser amamantados en forma exclusiva durante los primeros seis meses de vida”. En 1994 la UNICEF adoptó el concepto de lactancia materna exclusiva hasta los primeros 4-6 meses de vida. El niño depende de la transferencia materna de nutrientes, componentes bioactivos y agentes protectores, tanto antes como después del nacimiento. La transferencia de estos productos de la madre al niño ocurre a través de la placenta antes del nacimiento, y por el calostro y leche materna después de nacer. La lactancia materna le aporta al niño un gran número de componentes bioactivos, así como la protección inmune dirigida específicamente a los agentes patógenos presentes en el ambiente del niño; además facilita el apego ya que el intercambio entre la madre y el niño es recíproco. La reciprocidad se vuelve entonces un distintivo de la relación madre - hijo, precisamente a raíz de la preocupación de la madre por el niño


uring the first six months of live, breastfeeding is a desirable objective and a goal proposed by different International Organization. Since 1990, the Health World Organization Assembly settles " to protect and to promote breastfeeding as a component of the polices and the health programs, so that all the babys have the opportunity to be exclusive breastfeeding during the first six months of live". In 1994 UNICEF adopted the concept of exclusive breastfeeding until the first four to six months of live. The child depends on maternal transference of nutriment bioactive and protective agents, before and after birth as well. The transference of these products from the mother to the child takes place though the placenta before birthday and by the " calostro" and maternal milk after being born. Breastfeeding gives the child many bioactive components, and immune protection as well, direct specifically to the pathogenic agents that are present in the child ́s environment. It also favors the attachment because of the mutual mother and child ́s 2interchange is reciprocal. Reciprocity becomes then, a feature in the mother and child relationship, as a result of the mother concert for her child.


Subject(s)
Humans , Breast Feeding , United Nations , World Health Organization , Interpersonal Relations
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