Consensus on clinical diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of chemotherapy-induced neutropenia in China (2023 edition) / 中华肿瘤杂志

Chemotherapy-induced neutropenia (CIN) is a common hematological adverse events and dose-limiting toxicities of chemotherapy. CIN may lead to dose reduction and delay of chemotherapeutic agents, febrile neutropenia and severe infection, which results in increased treatment cost, reduced efficacy of chemotherapy, and even life-threatening morbidities. Assessment of risk of CIN, early detection of FN and infection, and proper prevention and treatment play a crucial role in reducing the occurrence of CIN-related morbidities, improving patient treatment safety and anticancer efficacy. Based on evidence and expert opinion, the expert committee of Chinese Anti-Cancer Association issued "the consensus on diagnosis and treatment of chemotherapy-induced neutropenia in China (2023 edition)", which is an update version of the 2019 edition, aiming to provide reference for the diagnosis and treatment of CIN for Chinese oncologists.

Utilidad de la procalcitonina en pacientes adultos con neoplasias hematológicas y neutropenia febril posquimioterapia: Estado del arte / Usefulness of procalcitonin in the management of adult patients with hematological malignancies with fever and chemotherapy-induced neutropenia: State of the art

La procalcitonina ha demostrado ser de utilidad para descartar con alto grado de certeza la presencia de meningitis en niños con fiebre sin foco infeccioso claro, y en el seguimiento de pacientes con neumonía adquirida en comunidad y asociada al cuidado de la salud (incluyendo la asociada a ventilación mecánica) para guiar la terapia antibiótica. En el escenario de neutropenia febril inducida por quimioterapia, se ha estudiado la utilidad de la procalcitonina para predecir bacteriemia y también como predictor de complicaciones infecciosas, con resultados variables, en parte por la heterogeneidad de los pacientes incluidos en los estudios. El objetivo de esta revisión es mostrar cuál es la utilidad de la procalcitonina en el manejo de pacientes adultos con neoplasias hematológicas y neutropenia febril inducida por quimioterapia.

Procalcitonin has proven useful to rule out meningitis in febrile children with unknown source of infection, and in the monitoring of patients with severe community-acquired pneumonia and health care-associated pneumonia including those with ventilator-associated pneumonia to guide antimicrobial therapy. In patients with fever and chemotherapy-induced neutropenia, procalcitonin has been studied to predict bacterial blood-stream infections and poor outcomes, with variable results in part because heterogeneous population included in those studies. Our aim is to describe the utility of procalcitonin in the management of adult patients with hematological malignancies and chemotherapy-induced febrile neutropenia.

The Effectiveness and Safety of DA-3030 ( rhG-CSF ) for Chemotherapy - induced Neutropenia: A Randomized Controlled Trial / 대한암학회지

PURPOSE: We investigated the effectiveness and safety of DA-3030 for prophylatic use in patients receiving chemotherapy for malignant disease. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Seventy cancer patients were randomized to receive chemotherapy alone (36 patients) or with DA-3030 administered (34 patients) after stratified block randomization according to chemotherapeutic regimen. DA-3030 was subcutaneously administered at the dose of 100 pg/m/day for 10 days from 24 hours after the completion of chemotherapy. RESULTS: Of the 70 enrolled patients, 62 patients were evaluable. The neutropenia (absolute neutrophil count [ANC] <1,000/mm) occurred in 9 of 32 (28.1%) of the DA-3030 group and 21 of 30 (90.0%) of the control group, giving relative risk for control group of 0.154 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.05 to 0.45; p-0.0001). Severe neutropenia (ANC 500/mm') occurred in 4 of 32 (12.5%) of the DA-3030 group and in 20 of 30 (66.7%) of the control group (relative risk for control group of 0.316 [95% CI, 0,18 to 0.55]; p=0.0001). The mean duration of neutropenic period (+/-standard error) was 1.13+/-0.34 days in the DA-3030 group and 6.73+/-0.69 days in the control group respectively, and was significantly shorter in the DA-3030 group (p<0.0001). And, there was higher nadir ANC in the OA-3030 group than that in the control group (p=0.0001); the mean nadir ANC was 2,547+/- 343/mm and 442+/-120/mm, respectively. The DA-3030 group had significantly higher incidence of myalgia in comparison to the control group (43.8% compared with 3.3%; p=0.001). However, it was tolerable and was easily managed by conservative therapy CONCLUSION: The use of DA-3030 was effective in preventing chemotherapy-induced neutropenia.