ABSTRACT
Este trabalho teve como objetivo analisar o efeito do Sulphur diluído adicionado ao solo para o cultivo de Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. O tratamento consistiu na utilização de seis diluições de Sulphur na dinamização centesimal: 0c (controle), 6c, 12c, 18c, 24c e 30c, sendo que para o controle foi usado somente água destilada. O experimento foi conduzido em vasos com plantas em ambiente aberto, com aplicação semanal de 200 mL de diferentes diluições a 0,1% de Sulphur em água destilada, conforme tratamento. Os parâmetros avaliados na planta foram o crescimento da parte aérea, o início da floração, o número e a massa fresca de frutos. Os resultados evidenciam que houve efeito (p?0,01) dos tratamentos sobre o L. esculentum no crescimento das partes aéreas, número e massa fresca de frutos. Concluiu-se que a aplicação de Sulphur na diluição de 24c aumenta a produtividade de frutos em um sistema de produção orgânica, sem o uso de defensivos agrícolas e fertilizantes.
This study aimed to analyze the effect of Sulphur applied on Lycopersicon esculentum Mill cultivation. The treatment consisted in the use of six dilutions in centesimal scales of Sulfur: 0c (control), 6c, 12c, 18c, 24c, and 30c. For the control group, distilled water was used. The experiment was conducted in pots in an open environment, where 200 mL of different dilutions of Sulfur in distilled water at 0.1% were applied according to each treatment. The average plant growth of aerial parts, the beginning of flowering, number and fresh mass of the fruits were the parameters evaluated. The results shows that the treatments were effective (p?0.01) on the growth of the aerial part of L. esculentum, as well as on the number and fresh mass of fruits. It could be concluded that the application of Sulphur at 24c dilution increases the fruit productivity of tomatoes in an organic production system without using pesticides or fertilizers.
Este estudio tuvo como objetivo analizar el efecto del Azufre diluido y adicionado al suelo para el cultivo de Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. El tratamiento consistió en la utilización de seis diluciones de Azufre en la potenciación centesimal de 0c (control), 6c, 12c, 18c, 24c y 30c, siendo que para el control se utilizó agua destilada. El experimento se llevó a cabo en macetas con plantas en ambiente abierto, con aplicación semanal de 200 mL de diferentes diluciones a 0.1% de Azufre en agua destilada, conforme tratamiento. Los parámetros evaluados en la planta fueron: el crecimiento de la parte aérea, el inicio de la floración, el número y la masa fresca de frutos. Los resultados evidencian que hubo efecto (p?0.01) de los tratamientos sobre L. esculentum en el desarrollo de las partes aéreas, número y masa fresca de frutos. Se concluyó que la aplicación de Azufre en la dilución de 24c aumenta la productividad de frutos en un sistema de producción orgánico, sin el uso de pesticidas y fertilizantes.
ABSTRACT
Este trabalho teve como objetivo analisar o efeito do Sulphur diluído adicionado ao solo para o cultivo de Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. O tratamento consistiu na utilização de seis diluições de Sulphur na dinamização centesimal: 0c (controle), 6c, 12c, 18c, 24c e 30c, sendo que para o controle foi usado somente água destilada. O experimento foi conduzido em vasos com plantas em ambiente aberto, com aplicação semanal de 200 mL de diferentes diluições a 0,1% de Sulphur em água destilada, conforme tratamento. Os parâmetros avaliados na planta foram o crescimento da parte aérea, o início da floração, o número e a massa fresca de frutos. Os resultados evidenciam que houve efeito (p≤0,01) dos tratamentos sobre o L. esculentum no crescimento das partes aéreas, número e massa fresca de frutos. Concluiu-se que a aplicação de Sulphur na diluição de 24c aumenta a produtividade de frutos em um sistema de produção orgânica, sem o uso de defensivos agrícolas e fertilizantes.
This study aimed to analyze the effect of Sulphur applied on Lycopersicon esculentum Mill cultivation. The treatment consisted in the use of six dilutions in centesimal scales of Sulfur: 0c (control), 6c, 12c, 18c, 24c, and 30c. For the control group, distilled water was used. The experiment was conducted in pots in an open environment, where 200 mL of different dilutions of Sulfur in distilled water at 0.1% were applied according to each treatment. The average plant growth of aerial parts, the beginning of flowering, number and fresh mass of the fruits were the parameters evaluated. The results shows that the treatments were effective (p≤0.01) on the growth of the aerial part of L. esculentum, as well as on the number and fresh mass of fruits. It could be concluded that the application of Sulphur at 24c dilution increases the fruit productivity of tomatoes in an organic production system without using pesticides or fertilizers.
Este estudio tuvo como objetivo analizar el efecto del Azufre diluido y adicionado al suelo para el cultivo de Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. El tratamiento consistió en la utilización de seis diluciones de Azufre en la potenciación centesimal de 0c (control), 6c, 12c, 18c, 24c y 30c, siendo que para el control se utilizó agua destilada. El experimento se llevó a cabo en macetas con plantas en ambiente abierto, con aplicación semanal de 200 mL de diferentes diluciones a 0.1% de Azufre en agua destilada, conforme tratamiento. Los parámetros evaluados en la planta fueron: el crecimiento de la parte aérea, el inicio de la floración, el número y la masa fresca de frutos. Los resultados evidencian que hubo efecto (p≤0.01) de los tratamientos sobre L. esculentum en el desarrollo de las partes aéreas, número y masa fresca de frutos. Se concluyó que la aplicación de Azufre en la dilución de 24c aumenta la productividad de frutos en un sistema de producción orgánico, sin el uso de pesticidas y fertilizantes.
Subject(s)
Animals , Solanum lycopersicum/classification , Dilution/analysis , Sulphur/analysisABSTRACT
A soft rot of fruits caused by Mucor racemosus occurred on cherry tomato collected in Agricultural Products Wholesale Market in Jinju, Korea. The disease infection usually occurred wounded areas after cracking of fruits. At first, the lesions started with water soaked and rapidly softened and diseased lesion gradually expanded. Colonies were white to brownish to gray in color. Sporangia were 32~54 microm in size and globose in shape. Sporangiophores were 8~14 microm in width. Sporangiospores were 5~12 x 4~8 microm in size, ellipsoidal to subglobose in shape. Columella was 27~42 microm in size, obovoid, ellipsoidal, cylindrical-ellipsoidal, slightly pyriform in shape. Chlamydospores were numerous in sporangiophores and barrelshaped when young, subglobose in old cultures. Optimum growth temperature was about 25degrees C. The fungus was identified as M. racemosus Fres. This is the first report of soft rot on cherry tomato caused by M. racemosus in Korea.
Subject(s)
Fruit , Fungi , Korea , Solanum lycopersicum , Mucor , Prunus , Sporangia , Water , Wounds and InjuriesABSTRACT
A soft rot of fruits caused by Rhizopus stolonifer occurred on cherry tomato in Jinju City Agricultural Products Wholesale Market, Korea. The disease infection usually started from wounding after cracking of fruits. At first, the lesions started with water soaked and were rapidly softened and diseased lesion gradually expanded. The mycelia grew vigorously on the surface of fruits and formed stolons. Colonies on potato dextrose agar at 25degrees C were white cottony at first, becoming heavily speckled by the presence of sporangia and the browinish black, and spreading rapidly by means of stolons fired at various points to the substrate by rhizoids. Sporangia were 82.7x196.7 microm in size and globose or sub-globose with somewhat flattened base. The color of sporangia was white at first and then turned black with many spores, and never overhanging. Sporangiophores were 2.6~5.8x12.3~24.2 microm in width, smooth-walled, non-septate, light brown, simple, long, arising in groups of 3~5 from stolons opposite rhizoids. Sporangiospores were 8.2~18.8 microm long, irregular, round, oval, elongate, angular, and browinish-black streaked. Columella was 64.1x136.3 microm. brownish gray, and umberella-shaped when dehisced. The causal organism was identified to be R. stolonifer. This is the first report of Rhizopus soft rot on cherry tomato caused by R. stolonifer in Korea.