ABSTRACT
Background: Asthma is a heterogeneous disease characterized by cough, wheeze and shortness of breath that vary in intensity and time with variable expiratory airflow limitation, associated with chronic airway inflammation. Aim of the study was to assess the usefulness of Peak Expiratory Flow Rate [PEFR] and oxygen saturation in determining severity of acute asthma, to measure objective change in PEFR and oxygen saturation following bronchodilator therapy and the role of chest X-rays in acute asthma.Methods: A prospective study of 50 children above 5 years with acute asthma who presented to the emergency department in a tertiary care hospital were included. PEFR and oxygen saturation before and after bronchodilator therapy was measured. Indication for chest X-rays, its clinical correlation and change in standard treatment of acute asthma based on X-ray reports was noted.Results: The mean PEFR and PEFR % of expected was lower in severe asthma when compared to moderate asthma and was statistically significant (p<0.001). The % of expected PEFR before salbutamol therapy was 48.78'14.36, which improved significantly to 67.13'14.22 after treatment (p<0.001). Oxygen saturation before and after salbutamol therapy was 94.96 ' 4.11 and 96.96'2.87 respectively with the change being significant (p value <0.001). Chest X-rays were performed in 12 (24%) children as per standard guidelines, of which 1(9%) was abnormal showing right basal consolidation. Chest X-ray correlated with clinical findings in 1 child and the findings on chest X-ray altered the ongoing treatment by addition of antibiotic.Conclusions: PEFR and oxygen saturation is useful in the emergency department to objectively assess the severity of acute asthma and the response to initial bronchodilator therapy. Chest X-rays are not routinely indicated in the standard treatment of acute asthma.
ABSTRACT
Background: The radiological diagnosis of tuberculosis is regarded as the most sensitive screening tool. The current study is undertaken to evaluate the chest X-ray and HRCT Chest as the tools to evaluate the active tubercular lesions in symptomatic and sputum positive patients. Aims and Objectives: The purposes of this study was to compare the diagnostic efficacy of radiographic and HRCT findings of pulmonary tuberculosis and to determine the radiologic features frequently seen in this disease. As complications of tuberculosis are frequent, correct diagnosis of tuberculosis is important. The purposes of this study is to summarize radiographic and CT findings of pulmonary tuberculosis. Methods: All Suspected patients referred for chest x ray and HRCT in radio diagnosis dept JNIMS were included in the study. Results: On chest radiography air-space consolidation was the most common parenchymal lesion, occurring in 160 patients (80%). Nodular lesions were found in 56 patients (28%), and, among them, ipsilateral or contralateral air-space consolidation was seen in 44 patients (22%).Conclusion: Since Diagnostic efficacy of HRCT is 91 %. Diagnostic efficacy of Chest X-Ray is 70.5 %. So diagnostic efficacy of HRCT is more than the Chest X-Ray.
ABSTRACT
One hundred thirty-four lung cancer cases who were histologically proven in life and who had chest x-rays at time of initial diagnosis were entered into this retrospective study covering the period from January 1, 1979 to April 30, 1985The major histologic subtype of lung cancer in this study were similar to those cited by foreign literatures, namely epidermoid cell cancer (37). Adenocarcinoma (25), small cell cancer (20) and large cell cancer (5). By frequency and odds ratio, squamous cell and adenocarcinoma histologies presented with a peripheral radiographic location two times more than with a central location. On the other hand, small cell cancer histology was three times more associated with central radiogaphic presentation. Large cell cancer histology showed to be either centrally or peripherally located without preference. (author)