ABSTRACT
Resumen. El Insomnio infantil definido como la dificultad mantenida, a pesar de la oportunidad y en función etaria, para iniciar o mantener el sueño o su calidad que provoca alteraciones funcionales en el niño y/o familia. Puede repercutir significativamente en la conducta, aprendizaje y metabolismo del niño y en su familia afectando su calidad de vida. La actigrafía nos permite a través de un dispositivo identificar periodos de vigilia y sueño. El objetivo de este trabajo es caracterizar a través de la actigrafía el patrón sueño-vigilia y evaluar la exposición a luz azul en niños menores de 2 años que consultan por insomnio. Se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo, transversal de lactantes derivados por insomnio al Centro de Sueño de Red de Salud UC Christus, durante: Marzo 2017-2018, con actigrafía. Fueron 20 actigrafías de 7 días. Edades entre 5 y 22 meses con diagnóstico de insomnio que no respondió al manejo inicial. 8 hombres, 12 mujeres. Horarios promedios: Acostarse: 20:31 hrs. Levantarse: 7:43 hrs. Horarios variables para acostarse: 15/20. 10/20 siestas después de las 16 hrs. Todos presentaron tiempo total de sueño disminuido, con aumentos del tiempo despierto una vez iniciado el sueño. Latencias del sueño aumentadas: 6/20. Eficiencia del sueño disminuidas en 4/20. Despertares nocturnos: promedio: 10.58. Expuestos a luz azul: 14/20. Horas exposición media: 2,4 hr/evento. Concluimos de este estudio que las principales dificultades fueron los despertares nocturnos con largos tiempo de vigilia, con disminución del tiempo total de sueño para la edad, y la actigrafía fue una herramienta de apoyo para objetivar conductas que dificultan la adquisición de un buen patrón de sueño.Palabras Clave: Insomnio infantil, sueño en lactantes, actigrafía, luz azul, despertares.
Abstract. Child insomnia is defined as sustained difficulty, despite the opportunity and according to age group, to initiate or maintain sleep, or a sleep quality causing that causes alterations in the child or family. It can significantly impact behavior, learning and metabolism of the child and his or her family, affecting their quality of life. The actigraphy through a device allows us to identify periods of wakefulness and sleep. The purpose of this work is to characterize sleep-wake patterns through actigraphy and to determine exposure to blue light in children younger than 2 years old, consulting for insomnia. An observational, descriptive, cross-sectional study of infants consulting for insomnia at the Sleep Center of UC Christus health network, in the period from March 2017 to 2018, with actigraphy. Twenty week long actigraphies were performed. The ages of the patients varied between 5 and 22 months, all had a diagnosis of insomnia that did not respond to initial management. Eight patients were male and 12 female. Hourly averages: bedtime: 8:31 PM. Waking up: 7:43 AM. Time variable for bedtime: 15/20. 10/20 NAPs after 16 hrs. All showed decreased sleep, with increases of total awake time once sleep began. Increased sleep latency: 6/20. Sleep efficiency decreased in 4/20. Nighttime Awakenings: average: 10.58. Exposed to blue light: 14/20. Average exposure in hours: 2.4 hr/event. We conclude from this study that the main difficulties were the nighttime awakenings with long time vigil, with decrease of the total sleep time for the age, and the actigraphy was a support tool to record behaviors that hinder a normal sleep pattern acquisition.Key words: Child insomnia, sleep in infants, actigraphy, blue light, awakenings
ABSTRACT
Introdução: O sono normal varia ao longo do desenvolvimento humano, sendo uma função biológica fundamental na qualidade de vida do homem. Quando ocorrem distúrbios do sono, esses são, muitas vezes, subdiagnosticados, podendo ser identificados por meio de questionários específicos, que são ferramentas de avaliação autoaplicável, as quais podem identificar sintomas dessa anomalia e possuem baixo custo. Objetivo: Avaliar a percepção dos pais ou responsáveis quanto à existência de eventuais sintomas de distúrbios do sono em seus filhos. Métodos: Foi aplicado o questionário do sono em 65 pais ou responsáveis de crianças com idade entre 2 e 16 anos, atendidas na Clínica de Odontopediatria da Uninove. Resultados: Do total da amostra, 35% apresentaram alguma doença respiratória e dentre os distúrbios do sono encontrados, verificou-se alta incidência de insônia. Conclusão: Constatou-se que a maioria dos pais ou responsáveis, aparentemente, desconhece o que são distúrbios do sono.
Introduction: Normal sleep varies over human development, being a fundamental biological role on his quality of life. When sleep disorders occurs, these are not always diagnosed, but they can be identified by specific questionnaires, assessment tools that are self-administered, identify symptoms of sleep disorders and have low cost. Objective: To evaluate parent?s or legal guardians? perceptions regarding the presence of sleep disorders symptoms in children. Method: It was applied a sleep questionnaire in 65 parents or guardians of children aged between 2 and 16 years treated by Uninove Pediatric Dentistry Clinic. Results: Thirty-five per cent of the sample has some respiratory disease, and, among other sleep disorders found, there was a high incidence of insomnia. Conclusion: It was found that the majority of parents or legal responsibles, apparently, does not know what sleep disorders are.