ABSTRACT
Abstract Objective: to analyze the temporal trend of coverage and dropout rate for triple viral vaccine in Brazil, according to the country's Federative Units and Macro-Regions, between 2014 and 2021. Methods: this was an ecological time series study, using data from the National Immunization Program Information System and the Live Birth Information System; joinpoint regression models were used. Results: in Brazil as a whole annual vaccination coverage was below 95% and ranged from 92.3% (2015) to 54.4% (2021); the second dose of the vaccine showed a decreasing temporal trend in the period (average change over the period = -5.8; 95%CI -10.5;-0.8); the temporal trends were stationary and decreasing in the country's Federative Units; the dropout rate ranged from 22.2% (2014) to 37.4% (2021). Conclusion: there was a downward trend in vaccination coverage and an increase in the dropout rate in Brazil as a whole and in the country's Federative Units.
Resumen Objetivo: analizar la tendencia temporal de cobertura y tasa deserción de la vacuna triple viral en Brasil, y según Unidades de la Federación y Regiones, entre 2014 y 2021. Métodos: estudio de serie temporal ecológica, sobre datos de los sistemas del Inmunizaciones y Nacido Vivo; se utilizaron modelos de regresión de punto de inflexión. Resultados: la cobertura anual de vacunación estuvo por debajo del 95% y osciló entre 92,3% (2015) y 54,4% (2021), en Brasil; la segunda dosis mostró una tendencia temporal decreciente en el período (variación promedia en el periodo = -5,8; IC95% -10,5;-0,8); las tendencias temporales fueron estacionarias y decrecientes en las Unidades de la Federación; la tasa deserción de varió del 22,2% (2014) al 37,4% (2021). Conclusión: hubo una tendencia a la baja en las coberturas de vacunación y un aumento en la tasa de deserción en Brasil y en las Unidades de la Federación.
Resumo Objetivo: analisar a tendência temporal da cobertura e da taxa de abandono da vacina tríplice viral no Brasil, nas Unidades da Federação (UFs) e grandes regiões nacionais, entre 2014 e 2021. Métodos: estudo ecológico de série temporal, sobre dados do Sistema de Informações do Programa Nacional de Imunizações e do Sistema de Informações sobre Nascidos Vivos; foram utilizados modelos de regressão por pontos de inflexão. Resultados: as coberturas vacinais anuais, no Brasil como um todo, estiveram abaixo de 95%, variando de 92,3% (2015) a 54,4% (2021); a segunda dose da vacina apresentou tendência temporal decrescente no período (variação média no período = -5,8; IC95% -10,5;-0,8); as tendências temporais foram estacionárias e decrescentes nas UFs; a taxa de abandono variou de 22,2% (2014) a 37,4% (2021). Conclusão: houve tendência de queda da cobertura vacinal e aumento da taxa de abandono, no Brasil como um todo e nas UFs.
ABSTRACT
Background: In developing countries various childhood diseases lead the morbidity, mortality and irre-versible losses which can be prevented by proper vaccination. This study was conducted to analyse the changing trends of childhood vaccination in India and its impact on childhood diseases and mortality, the trends in coverage of each vaccine along with identification of geographical areas of concern.Materials and methods: NFHS data published by Government of India was analyzed to see the trends in vaccination coverage, female literacy, childhood diseases and under-five mortality, along with online da-tabase search for relevant literature. Results: Total vaccination coverage in India has reached to 76.4% as per NFHS- 5 data. Orissa stands at the top with 90.5% coverage while Nagaland at the bottom with 57.9% coverage. Prevalence of child-hood diseases and under-five mortality has reduced overtime accountable to increase in vaccination coverage as one of the major factors for same. Conclusion: Despite improvement in total vaccination coverage, the goal of Intensified Mission Indra Dhanush of 90% coverage still remains unachieved. There is reduction in childhood disease and mortali-ty rate, but the pandemic has adversely affected these advances. Therefore, immediate steps should be taken to gain the lost ground.
ABSTRACT
Background: Vaccine hesitancy has been recognized as a public health issue which needs to be ad-dressed urgently. With reopening of school unvaccinated children might become major carriers of COVID-19. An assessment of the determinants of vaccine hesitancy will aid in the acceleration of vaccine administration among children. Objective: This study aims to explore parental COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in Surat and determine fac-tors associated with it. Methodology: This is a cross sectional study in Surat among 250 participants selected from Rural and Urban field practice area by Systematic Random Sampling. Data collection was done by data collectors in an interview during the month of January and February, 2022. Univariate analysis was done, followed by Chi square test to establish associations. Predictors were determined by Binomial Logistic Regression. Results: Mean age of population was 31.3 + 10.7 years. Vaccine Hesitancy was recorded in 154 (61.6%) participants. Urban address (p=0.013), Full Vaccination status of parents (<0.001) and Perceived Bene-fits of vaccine to the child (p=0.001) were significant predictors of Vaccine Hesitancy. Conclusion: High proportion of Vaccine hesitancy was found in this study. Interventions can be planned on the basis of factors affecting Vaccine Hesitancy.
ABSTRACT
Background@#Ever since the Dengvaxia controversy, vaccine confidence has plummeted in the Philippines, posing a problem for the COVID-19 vaccination program in the country [1,2]. With the impending COVID-19 pandemic, it is crucial to identify those who refuse vaccination, their perception about vaccines, and the immensity of their concerns [3]. @*Objectives@#This study aimed to measure and describe the perception and attitude of Filipino mothers regarding COVID-19 vaccination for themselves and their children. @*Methodology@#This descriptive-correlational study had a total of 404 respondents who answered the adapted survey questionnaire. The data gathered were analyzed through descriptive statistics such as percentages and standard deviations, and correlated using T-test and Pearson product-moment correlation.@*Results@#The majority of the respondents stated their reluctance to receive the COVID-19 vaccine for themselves (56.9%) and their children (55%) while more than a third stated their refusal of the said vaccine for themselves (35%) and their children (39.6%). The top reason for their refusal was the concern for potential side effects. An overwhelming proportion of the respondents perceived that local leaders would support COVID-19 vaccination. Moreover, those who heard negative feedback on vaccines still stated their willingness to accept it. The respondents generally had a positive attitude on COVID-19 vaccination in terms of its importance. Pearson correlation showed a high positive correlation (r=0.785, p<0.05) between attitude towards self- and child-vaccination. @*Conclusion@#Respondents had a general positive attitude towards COVID-19 vaccination. Respondents with a more positive attitude towards self-vaccination were likely to have a positive attitude towards child-vaccination for COVID-19.