ABSTRACT
This study aimed to conduct a quasi-experimental study for assessing the effects of an oral health intervention program (OHIP), on the self-management of oral health in children attending childcare centers. The participants recruited were 83 children from two childcare centers, who were allocated to the intervention and control groups. The intervention group received the OHIP. At baseline, a self-reported survey of parents was conducted. In addition, the oral status of the children at baseline and at 5 weeks was evaluated. Their brushing behavior was assessed once a week and every day during the OHIP intervention period and at home, respectively. After the follow-up at 12 weeks, dental plaque index (PI) was measured and two-way repeated measures analysis of variance was performed. The PI of the intervention group significantly decreased at week 5, compared to the baseline (1.90 ± 0.53, p < 0.001). Despite a substantial increase in week 12 (2.67 ± 0.08, p < 0.001), the PI was significantly lower than that of the control group (3.37 ± 0.60). The OHIP was effective in reducing the PI and modifying the brushing behavior among children. It is necessary to develop and expand a systematic oral health education program to promote self-management of oral health in children.
Subject(s)
Self Care , Child Care , Child Day Care Centers , Health Education, DentalABSTRACT
Introdução: a anemia ferropriva constitui problema de saúde em todo o mundo devido à alta prevalência e suas repercussões no desenvolvimento da criança. Alguns estudos recomendam a utilização de parâmetros clínicos para o diagnóstico de anemia. No entanto, seu valor permanece controverso no nosso meio. Objetivo: avaliar a acurácia do exame clínico no diagnóstico de anemia em crianças matriculadas nas creches da Regional Leste de Belo Horizonte, por meio da comparação com os valores de hemoglobina digital. Métodos: foram avaliadas crianças institucionalizadas, na faixa etária de seis meses a seis anos incompletos no período de abril de 2000 a abril de 2001. As crianças foram submetidas a exame físico incluindo coloração das mucosas ocular, oral e da superfície palmar bilateral. A seguir, procedeu-se à determinação dos valores de hemoglobina a partir da coleta de sangue por punção do dedo anular, sendo a leitura realizada com um B-hemoglobinômetro portátil (Hemocue). Resultados: das 322 crianças avaliadas, 51,2% eram do sexo masculino, com média de idade de 45,07 ± 18,08 meses. A prevalência de anemia pelo método digital foi de 37,3%, sendo a média de hemoglobina de 11,65 ± 1,42 g/ dL. As crianças com idade inferior a 24 meses apresentaram alta prevalência de ane- mia (71,7%). Em relação ao sexo, observou-se mais alta prevalência no sexo masculino (42,4%) em relação ao feminino (31,8%). Quanto ao exame clínico, a prevalência estima- da foi de 41,6% de crianças supostamente anêmicas. A porcentagem de anêmicos entre os hipocorados (47,8%) foi significativamente superior à dos normocorados (29,8%). Na análise de validade do exame clínico para detecção de anemia, encontrou-se sensibilidade de 53,3% e especificidade de 65,3%, com acurácia de 61%. Conclusão: o exame clínico mostrou-se insatisfatório para o diagnóstico da anemia, reforçando a necessidade de propedêutica complementar. Observou-se também alta prevalência de anemia nas crianças pré-escolares...
Background: Iron deficiency anemia is a health problem worldwide due to high prevalence and its impact on child development. Some studies recommend the use of clinical param- eters for the diagnosis of anemia. However, its value remains controversial among uso Objective: This study aims to eualuate the accuracy of clinical examination in the diagnosis of anemia in children attended in Day Care Centers of the East Regional of Belo Horizonte City by comparison with the hemoglobin digital. Methods: This study evaluated institution- alized children aged six months to six years from April 2000 to April 2001. Children were examined including colar of oral and eye mucous membranes and bilateral palmar surface. Following clinical examination blood was collected by finger puncture for hemoglobin assessment. Readings were performed with a portable B-hemoglobinometer (HemoCue). Re- sults: Of the 322 children evaluated, 51.2% were male, mean age of 45.07 ± 18.08 months. The prevalence of anemia by digital method was 373% with average hemoglobin of 11.65 ± 1.42 g/dl.. Children under the age of 24 months had a higher prevalence of anemia (71.7%). Regarding gender, there was a higher prevalence in males (42.4%) than female (31.8%). In reta- tion to clinical examination the estimated prevalence was 41.6% of children supposedly anemic. The percentage of anemic the pale (478%) was higher than normal colored (29.8%). The difference was statistically significant. In the analysis of validity of clinical examination to detect anemia, it was found a sensitioity of 53.3% and specificity of 65.3%, with an accuracy of 61%. Conclusion: Clinical examination proved to be unsatisfactory for the diagnosis of anemia, emphasizing the need for further propedeutic. ln addition, this study also reveals the high prevalence of anemia among pre-scholar children in Belo Horizonte, constituting a public health problem...