ABSTRACT
Objective: To determine the occurrence of Chlamydia spp. in wild birds in Thailand. Methods: Cloacal and tracheal swabs of 313 wild birds from 11 orders, 27 families, and 51 species were tested to determine the occurrence of Chlamydia infection. The outer membrane protein A (ompA) gene was amplified from positive samples to construct a phylogenetic tree. Results: At the time of sample collection, none of the birds showed clinical signs of any disease. Of 313 wild birds, two Asian openbill stork (Anastomus oscitans) were positive for Chlamydia spp., representing 0.64% (2/313) and 4.9% (2/41) occurrence for birds overall and for the Asian openbill stork, respectively. Phylogram analysis based on deduced amino acid of the ompA gene showed that Chlamydia spp. in Asian openbill storks was closely related to that in wildfowl (Pica pica and Cygnus olor) from Poland in a different branch with a 95% bootstrap value and had a shorter evolutionary distance to Chlamydia abortus. Conclusions: Asymptomatic Asian openbill storks could be a potential source of Chlamydia infection in domestic animals, poultry, and humans who share their habitat.
ABSTRACT
Objective: To determine the occurrence of Chlamydia spp. in wild birds in Thailand. Methods: Cloacal and tracheal swabs of 313 wild birds from 11 orders, 27 families, and 51 species were tested to determine the occurrence of Chlamydia infection. The outer membrane protein A (ompA) gene was amplified from positive samples to construct a phylogenetic tree. Results: At the time of sample collection, none of the birds showed clinical signs of any disease. Of 313 wild birds, two Asian openbill stork (Anastomus oscitans) were positive for Chlamydia spp., representing 0.64% (2/313) and 4.9% (2/41) occurrence for birds overall and for the Asian openbill stork, respectively. Phylogram analysis based on deduced amino acid of the ompA gene showed that Chlamydia spp. in Asian openbill storks was closely related to that in wildfowl (Pica pica and Cygnus olor) from Poland in a different branch with a 95% bootstrap value and had a shorter evolutionary distance to Chlamydia abortus. Conclusions: Asymptomatic Asian openbill storks could be a potential source of Chlamydia infection in domestic animals, poultry, and humans who share their habitat.
ABSTRACT
Following genomes from various strains of Chlamydia spp being sequenced,it was found that there were only tiny changes in their gene components,the infected host variety and pathogenisis process were very different.The genomes from Chlamydia trachomatis,C.muridarum,C.pneumoniae,Chlamydophila caviae were studied in detail,which revealed the relationship of chlamydial genomes and multiple members causes.The discovery of polymorphic membrane protein gene family,type Ⅲ secretion gene and peptidoglycan coding gene showed the great research success in the field.After the complete nucleotide acids of various species and strains of Chlamydia spp were sequenced many proteins were further identified,involving the outer membrane protein,major outer membrane protein,hot shock protein and polymorphic membrane protein with different functions and structures.Fully understanding the properties of these proteins is in favor of studying mechanisms of pathogenisis and immunity of Chlamydia as well as high-effective gene engineering vaccine against chlamydiosis.