Bibliometría de la sistemática biológica sobre América Latina durante el siglo XX en tres bases de datos mundiales

Bibliometry of biological systematics in Latin America during the twentieth century in three global databases. We present a review of the biological systematic research in Latin America during the twentieth century, applying a bibliometric analysis to the information contained in international databases with the largest number of biological records: Biosis (since 1969), CAB (since 1910) and Science Citation Index (since 1900), to recognize certain patterns and trends regarding the document production. We obtained 19 079 documents and 1 387 journals for Biosis, 14326 and 2537 for CAB, 3257 and 1636 for SCI. Of the documents, 54.6% related to new species, 15.3% dealt with morphology, 14.9% keys, 12.5% descriptions, 10.6% cases of synonymies, 6% new genera, 4.9% new geographical records, 23.6% geographical distribution, 4.2% redescriptions, and 3.6% with new nomenclatural combinations. The regions mentioned were South America with 11.9%, Central America with 4% and America (all) with 2.56%. Nineteen Latin American countries appear, whereas outside this region we found the United States of America with 12.6% of representation and Canada with 3%. Animals (65.6%) were the most studied taxa, which was 1.7 times higher than what was published for plants (37%), 11 times higher than fungi (6%) and nearly 30 times higher than microorganisms (2.3%). Out of the 155 journals that produced 66% of the papers, 76.5% were better represented in Biosis, 21.4% in CAB and 2% in SCI. Twenty-nine journals published 33% of the articles, the maximum number of records obtained was 69% for Biosis, CAB 24% and 6.9% for SCI, three (10.3%) are in biology, 11 (37.9%) in botany, 13 (44.8%) zoology, and two (6.9%) paleontology; eight of these journals (27.5%) were published in Latin America and twenty were indexed in the Science Citation Index. In the last two years more journals of the region that publish on taxonomy have been indexed, but their impact factor is still low. However, the impact factor of a number of Latin American journals that published biodiversity increased with time. Countries that are more interested in studying the Latin American biota from the taxonomic point of view are Brazil, the United States, Argentina and Mexico. The most active institutions in this discipline were the Universidade de São Paulo, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, and the Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro; together they produced 24% of the documents. Rev. Biol. Trop. 58 (2): 531-545. Epub 2010 June 02.

Aplicamos bibliometría a las bases de datos: Biosis, CAB y Science Citation Index. El 54.6% de los documentos son especies nuevas, 15.3% morfología, 14.9% claves, 12.5% descripciones, 10.6% sinonimias, 6% géneros nuevos, 4.9% registros geográficos nuevos, 23.6% distribución geográfica, 4.2% redescripciones y 3.6 combinaciones nomenclaturales nuevas. Los taxones más estudiados fueron los animales (65.6%), seguidos de las plantas (37%), los hongos (6%) y los microorganismos (2.3%). Veintinueve revistas publicaron el 33% de los artículos, tres (10.3%) son de biología, 11 (37.9%) de botánica, 13 (44.8%) de zoología y dos (6.9%) de paleontología; ocho revistas (27.5%) son editadas en la región y veinte estuvieron indizadas en el SCI. En los últimos dos años se han indizado más revistas editadas en la región que publican sobre taxonomía, pero su factor de impacto sigue siendo bajo respecto al promedio del área. Los países que más se han interesado en estudiar la biota de América Latina desde el punto de vista taxonómico son: Brasil, Estados Unidos, Argentina y México. Las instituciones más activas fueron la Universidade de São Paulo, la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México y la Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro; juntas produjeron el 24% de los documentos.

Análisis de la sistemática actual en Latinoamérica / Analysis of the state of systematics in latin america / Análise da sistemática atual NA américa LatinA

Para tener una visión regional del estado de desarrollo de la sistemática en América Latina durante las últimas tres décadas, se presentan los resultados del análisis cienciométrico de 11185 documentos publicados entre 1976 y 2006 en 411 revistas de la región, obtenidos de la base de datos Periódica. Se describe el estado actual de la disciplina en el área, se exponen análisis detallados sobre los artículos, países, principales líneas de estudios, grupos taxonómicos, temas, formato, tipo de documento, contenido, idioma y se contextualiza la información. La producción especializada sobre sistemática publicada en las revistas locales fue notable y se mantuvo estable a partir de los 80, centrándose principalmente en México, Brasil y Argentina. Los contenidos fueron publicados en español primariamente y en forma de artículos. Versaron especialmente sobre taxonomía descriptiva y se relacionaron con la ecología, anatomía, histología y biología acuática. Los grupos más representados fueron los insectos y las angiospermas. Se concluye haciendo una llamada a la necesidad urgente de sistematizar la literatura de sistemática sobre taxones latinoamericanos.

In order to have a regional vision of the development of systematics in Latin America during the last three decades, the results of a scientometric analysis based on 11185 documents on this theme published in 411 journals from 1976 to 2006 and obtained from the Periodica data base are presented. The current state of the discipline in the region is described, a detailed analysis about the articles, countries, main lines of study, taxonomic groups, topics, format, type of document, content and language is carried out, and the information is contextualized. The specialized production on systematics produced and published in local journals was notable and remained stable after the 80’s, mainly in Mexico, Brazil and Argentina. The contents have been published primarily in Spanish and mainly in the form of articles. They dealt mostly with descriptive taxonomy and were related to ecology, anatomy, histology and aquatic biology. The most represented groups were insects and angiosperms. A call is made for the urgent need of systematizing the literature about Latin American taxa.

Para ter uma visão regional do estado de desenvolvimento da sistemática na América Latina durante as últimas três décadas, se apresentam os resultados da análise cienciométrica, de 1976 a 2006, baseada em 11.185 documentos publicados sobre o tema em 411 revistas publicadas na região, obtidos da base de dados Periódica. Descreve-se o estado atual da disciplina na área, se expõe análises detalhadas sobre os artigos, países, principais linhas de estudos, grupos taxonômicos, temas, formato, tipo de documento, conteúdo, idioma e se contextualiza a informação. A produção especializada sobre sistemática publicada nas revistas locais foi notável e se manteve estável a partir dos anos 80, centrando-se principalmente no México, Brasil e Argentina. Os conteúdos foram publicados em espanhol primariamente e em forma de artigos. Versaram especialmente sobre taxonomia descritiva e se relacionaram com a ecologia, anatomia, histologia e biologia aquática. Os grupos mais representados foram os insetos e as angiospermas. Conclui-se com uma chamada de atenção para a necessidade urgente de sistematizar toda a literatura sobre sistemática dos táxons latino-americanos.