Reflection and Practice on the Implementation of "Exemption from Ethical Review" in Medical Institutions / 中国医学伦理学

From the perspective of medical institutions, this paper sorted out the contents of Article 32 of the Measures for Ethical Review of Life Sciences and Medical Research Involving Human regarding "exemption from ethical review". At the same time, combined with domestic and foreign regulations, this paper deeply considered and analyzed the applicable premise and special circumstances of the provisions from the implementation level, and then put forward suggestions from the perspective of practical operation of medical institutions, with a view to providing some practical guidance and reference for ethical practitioners of medical institutions.

Establishment and practice of the collaborative innovation system of the national clinical research center for geriatric disorders / 中华医院管理杂志

Scientific and efficient collaborative innovation system plays a key role in driving the construction and development of national clinical medical research centers. As the entity in building the national clinical medical research center for geriatric diseases, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University has carried out the " two-in-one integration" construction of the center hospital based on the principle of " simultaneous construction of the center and the hospital" . Leveraging the research, promotion and application of key technologies for common diseases and frequently occurring diseases among the elderly, a collaborative innovation system has come into being since 2018, consisting of three organically linked platforms of technology support platform, core research platform and public service platform, as well as four support systems of collaborative innovation network support system, innovation management system support system, special innovation fund support system and innovation ability training support system. By 2021, the collaborative innovation system has been completed in general, and desirable results have been achieved in clinical research, achievements translation and technology promotion for geriatric diseases. These achievements have strongly promoted the development of China′s elderly health sector.

Establishment and application of big data sharing innovation system of national clinical medical research center / 中华医院管理杂志

In order to effectively integrate scientific research data resources and improve data utilization, the National Clinical Medical Research Center had built a "3321" -integration big data sharing innovation platform. By providing full support to scientific research, sorting out the distribution mechanism of achievements, and formulating authority management norms, the big data platform had solved the weaknesses in data sharing ability, sharing willingness, and sharing security, giving full play to the effectiveness of the clinical research big data platform. By February 2022, the center had collected more than 1.04 million elderly patients data through the big data platform, as well as carried out 75 scientific research projects, and established 10 large population-based clinical research queues. The big data platform had realized full coverage of major diseases in the field of geriatric diseases, promoted the high-quality construction of the national clinical medical research center, and improved the scientific research and innovation ability of the cooperative units.

Correlational Study on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome Distribution Characteristics of HIV Infection in Xinjiang Region Based on Information Sharing System / 世界科学技术-中医药现代化

This paper was aimed to study traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndrome distribution characteristics of HIV infection in Xinjiang region based on the Clinical Medical Research Information Sharing System (CMRISS).CMRISS was used to establish a database (data were from 1151 hospital electronic medical records from May 2011 to March 2012).Oracle and ETL software were used in the data processing.Visualization analysis was used in the data mining.The results showed that syndrome distribution of HIV infection in Xinjiang region was concentrated in four categories with the blockade of dampness due to qi deficiency,deficiency of both qi and yin,yin deficiency of liver and kidney,and the stagnation of liver qi.The syndrome of blockade of dampness due to qi deficiency was relatively concentrated in the range of 20-30 years old,with the majority of female population.The proportion of sexually transmitted infection was more.The syndrome of deficiency of both qi and yin was relatively concentrated in the age range of 30-40 years old,with the majority of male population.The large proportion of infection was due to intravenous drug use.Among different TCM syndromes,Uyghur population occupied relatively large part.Stratified analysis on disease course due to the change of TCM syndrome according to 1 year,3 years and 5 years revealed the disease development rule from excess syndrome,deficiency combined with excess,to deficiency syndrome.It was concluded that the application of CMRISS was able to process a large amount of clinical data.The data mining results can be used to guide clinical practice.It provided a better platform for the scientific research of TCM clinical practice.

Las espacialidades en la investigación clínica médica. El Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas de la Universidad de Buenos Aires, 1957-1976 / The Role of Space in Clinical Medical Research. The Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas of the Buenos Aires University, 1957-1976 / As espacialidades na investigação clínica médica. O Instituto de Investigações Médicas da Universidade de Buenos Aires, 1957-1976

Objetivo: este trabajo trata sobre la configuración de prácticas de transmisión, producción y uso de conocimiento científico en términos del establecimiento de diferentes espacialidades en la investigación clínica médica. Desarrollo: se reconstruyen las actividades desarrolladas en el Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas (IIM) de la Universidad de Buenos Aires, durante la dirección de Alfredo Lanari entre 1957 y 1976, por medio del uso de material documental y de archivo y del análisis de entrevistas realizadas a protagonistas de la época. Conclusiones: (i) la diferenciación y a la vez la interconexión de espacialidades fueron elementos centrales de la ideología y cultura institucional del Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas Lanari; (ii) los distintos espacios tales como la sección trasplantes y el servicio de diálisis hicieron del Instituto un lugar con reputación nacional e internacional al tiempo que otorgaron identidad y autoridad hacia su interior; (iii) la construcción de autoridad y jerarquía cognitiva implicó la puesta en juego de un conjunto de espacialidades tales como el ateneo y las residencias médicas y (iv) las formas de enseñanza y reclutamiento implementadas supusieron una nueva ecología común.

Objective: this paper study how scientific knowledge is, transmitted, produced and used in terms of the establishment of different spaces, in clinical and medical research. Content: we analyze the way research activities developed at the Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas de la Universidad de Buenos Aires, during Alfredo Lanari was its director, between 1957 and 1976, using data from documental archives and form personal interviews. Conclusions: (i) differentiation and interconnection of spaces were central issues of the institutional culture and ideology of the Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas Lanari; (ii) different spaces such as transplant section and dialysis service help the Institute to build itself as a place with national and international reputation as well as to reinforce internal authority and identity; (iii) cognitive authority and hierarchies construction mobilized a set of spaces such as medical residencies and seminars (the ateneo) and (iv) teaching and recruitment reforms involved a new common ecology.

Objetivo: este trabalho trata sobre a configuração de práticas de transmissão, produção e uso de conhecimento científico em termos do estabelecimento de diferentes espacialidades na investigação clínica médica. Desenvolvimento: reconstroem-se as atividades desenvolvidas no Instituto de Investigações médicas (IIM) da Universidade de Buenos Aires, durante a direção de Alfredo Lanari entre 1957 e 1976, através do uso de material documental e de arquivo e da análise de entrevistas realizadas a protagonistas da época. Conclusões: (i) a diferenciação e ao mesmo tempo a interconexão de espacialidades foram elementos centrais da ideologia e cultura institucional do Instituto de Investigações Médicas Lanari, (ii) os distintos espaços tais como a seção transplantes e o serviço de dialise fizeram do Instituto um lugar com reputação nacional e internacional ao tempo que outorgaram identidade e autoridade a seu interior, (iii) a construção de autoridade e hierarquia cognitiva implicou a posta em jogo de um conjunto de espacialidades tais como o ateneu e as residências médicas e (iv) as formas de ensino e recrutamento implementadas supuseram uma nova ecologia comum.

"Study on Chinese Medicine ""Disease-Syndrome-Herb"" Association Analysis Method Based on Clinical Medical Research Information Sharing System" / 世界科学技术-中医药现代化

Based on the Clinical Medical Research Information Sharing System ( CMRISS ) , this article took thedisease-syndrome-herb study on acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) as a model to explore the establishment of disease-syndrome-herb study method on many types of diseases for the guidance of Chinese medicine clinical practice. The CMRISS of the First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, which contained 5000 format electronic medical records from August 2011 to March 2013 , was used as the database . Data preprocessing , crystal reports and complex network were used in data mining to receive the frequency relation of AECOPD disease-syndrome-herb in order to analyze medica-tion features of different Chinese medicine clinical syndromes of AECOPD . The results showed that three syn-dromes, which were phlegm-heat obstructing the lungs, phlegm-stasis obstructing the lungs, and qi-yin deficien-cy, have corresponding Chinese herbs of licorice, orange peel and earthworm. The treatment of syndrome of phlegm-heat obstructing the lungs contains herbs to clear heat, remove phlegm and activate blood circulation. The treatment of syndrome of qi-yin deficiency contains herbs to benefitqi , nourish yin as well as to activate blood circulation and remove phlegm. It was concluded that the application of CMRISS is able to process a large amount of clinical data. The data mining results can be used to guide clinical practice. It provided a better plat-form for the scientific research of Chinese medicine clinical practice .

Intelligent Integration and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicine Clinical Medical Research Information-sharing Systems / 世界科学技术-中医药现代化

This article was aimed to explore the intelligent integration of database as the core-data and application of data mining as the core of knowledge discovery. On the basis of the existed set of information-sharing platform, this article elaborated from aspects of formatting HER intelligent integration, data integration and multi-method combined data mining intelligent integration. With the demonstration study on syndrome distribution and syndrome diagnostic criteria of acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD), data integration and intelligence optimization of Crystal Reports and complex networks were applied to dig out the correlation between syndromes and symptoms, disease-syndromes-herb association analysis. Analysis mentioned above showed that based on the shared system, and in accordance to research programs, intelligent integration of data and data mining methods, the improvement of the sharing platform application is proved feasible.

La Facultad de Medicina en el marco de los procesos de modernización y profesionalización académica en la Universidad de Buenos Aires, 1955-1958: temas en debate y frentes de convergencias / The role of the Faculty of Medicine in the process of academic modernization and professionalization at the University of Buenos Aires, 1955-1958: issues in debate and points of convergence

Analiza las afinidades entre los contenidos centrales de los procesos de modernización académica en la Universidad de Buenos Aires a mediados de 1950 y las figuras que lideraron tales procesos, con las visiones, transformaciones y sujetos innovadores que intervinieron desde la Facultad de Medicina. Reconstruye los debates, propuestas de transformación y cambios allí efectuados, tendiendo, en particular, a la figura de Alfredo Lanari y a las ideas sobre investigación clínica, docencia y atención médicas que él impulsó durante el Primer Congreso de Educación Médica de la Asociación Médica Argentina (1957), las cuales mostraron la complejidad del full time para un perfil profesional como el del investigador clínico.

Clinical medical research under guidance of public welfare / 中华医学科研管理杂志

In this paper the causes of deficiency of public welfare were analyzed in medical research,and some strategies were proposed to enhance the public welfare of public health care services according to the cardinal principles of new healthcare reform package in 2009.These were benefit to maintain the public welfare of public medical and health care services,and to reach the goal of medical research served as the clinic and the patients.