Clinical and pathological characteristics of small cell carcinoma of bladder and the efficacy of neoadjuvant therapy / 现代泌尿外科杂志

【Objective】 To investigate the clinical characteristics and prognostic factors of small cell carcinoma of bladder (SCCB), and to explore the efficacy of neoadjuvant therapy. 【Methods】 Clinical information of 47 SCCB patients were retrospectively collected, and the clinical and pathological features were compared with those of urothelial carcinoma (UBC). The prognostic factors and efficacy of neoadjuvant therapy were also investigated. 【Results】 SCCB had higher baseline tumor staging, and was more likely to invade the muscle (100%) and metastasize distantly (21.3%). The overall survival was poor (median: 13.1 months, 1-year survival rate: 53.7%, 5-year overall survival rate: 15.4%). Tumor T staging was a risk factor for SCCB, while neoadjuvant therapy was an independent protective factor that significantly reduced the risk of recurrence and metastasis (HR: 0.189, 95%CI: 0.051-0.697, P=0.012) and death (HR: 0.177, 95%CI: 0.045-0.698, P=0.013), and significantly improved disease-free survival and overall survival. In addition, compared with neoadjuvant chemotherapy alone, neoadjuvant chemotherapy combined with immunotherapy could improve the pathological complete response rate. 【Conclusion】 SCCB is highly malignant and prone to metastasis, and has a poor prognosis. Neoadjuvant therapy combined with radical cystectomy is recommended as the first-line treatment.

Clinicopathological features of the colorectal serrated adenoma and analysis on influencing factors of malignancy / 中华胃肠外科杂志

Objective: Serrated adenoma is recognized as a precancerous lesion of colorectal cancer, and the serrated pathway is considered as an important pathway that can independently develop into colorectal cancer. However, little is known about the related risk factors of carcinogenesis of serrated adenoma. The purpose of this study was to analyze the distribution characteristics and potential malignant factors of serrated adenoma in the colon and rectum. Methods: A retrospective case-control study was conducted to collect the clinical data of patients with serrated adenoma who underwent colonoscopy and were pathologically diagnosed in the Cancer Hospital of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences from April 2017 to July 2019, and exclude patients with two or more pathological types of lesions. The clinical characteristics of serrated adenoma were summarized, and univariate and logistic multivariate regression analysis was conducted to explore the influencing factors for serrated adenoma to develop malignant transformation. Results: Among 28 730 patients undergoing colonoscopy, 311 (1.08%) were found with 372 serrated adenomas, among which 22 (5.9%) were sessile serrated adenomas/polyps, 84 (22.6%) were traditional serrated adenomas, and 266 (71.5%) were unclassified serrated adenomas according to WHO classification. The pathological results showed that 106 (28.5%) lesions were non-dysplasia, 228 (61.3%) lesions were low grade intraepithelial neoplasia, and 38 (10.2%) lesions were high grade intraepithelial neoplasia or cancer. There were 204 (54.8%) lesions with long-axis diameter <10 mm and 168 (45.2%) lesions with length long-axis ≥ 10 mm. 238 (64.0%) lesions were found in the left side colon and rectum and 134 (36.0%) lesions in the right side colon. Gross classification under endoscopy: 16 flat type lesions (4.3%), 174 sessile lesions (46.8%), 117 semi-pedunculated lesions (31.5%), 59 pedunculated lesions (15.9%). Narrow-band imaging international colorectal endoscopic (NICE) classification: 85 (22.8%) type I lesions, 280 (75.3%) type II lesions, 4 (1.1%) type III lesions. Univariate analysis showed that lesion size, lesion location, lesion site and different WHO classifications were associated with malignant transformation of colorectal serrated adenoma (all P<0.05). For the serrated adenomas with different NICE classifications, there were statistically significant differences in the distribution of malignant lesions among groups (P=0.001). Multivariate analysis showed that the long-axis diameter of the lesion ≥10 mm (OR=6.699, 95% CI: 2.843-15.786) and the lesion locating in the left side colorectum (OR=2.657, 95% CI: 1.042-6.775) were independent risk factors for malignant transformation. Conclusions: Serrated adenomas mainly locate in the left side colon and rectum, and are prone to malignant transformation when the lesions are ≥10 mm in long-axis diameter or left-sided.

Clinical and pathological correlation in benign breast diseases in women

Background: Benign breast diseases are a common problem presenting in a day to day surgical practice. A combination of three tests i.e. clinical examination, radiological imaging and pathological examination is commonly used to accurately diagnose breast diseases. This study was aimed to know the clinico-pathological correlation in diagnosing benign breast diseases in women.Methods: A study of 30 female patients of benign breast disease was conducted by clinical examination and comparing its accuracy with the pathological findings.Results: The highest incidence of benign breast diseases was in the age group of 30-39 years (33.3%). The most common presenting symptom was lump (53.3%) in the breast. The most common quadrant involved was the upper outer quadrant (60%). Fibroadenoma (53.3%) was the most common lesion in this study. The clinical examination in cases of fibroadenoma had sensitivity and specificity of 87.5 % and 92.8% respectively. In cases of fibrocystic disease, clinical examination had sensitivity and specificity of 85.7 % and 91.3% respectively.Conclusions: Overall clinical breast examination had a sensitivity of 90% and specificity of 98% in this study. Hence, combination of all three diagnostic modalities i.e. clinical, radiological and pathological examination should be used. But in rural areas where radiological and pathological facilities are not available, clinical examination can also give us a fair amount of idea in diagnosing benign breast diseases.

Clinical and pathological influence of high uric acid on idiopathic membranous nephropathy / 实用医学杂志

Objective To study the clinical and pathological influence of high uric acid on idiopathic membranous nephropathy (IMN) Methods A retrospective study with 314 patients diagnosed with IMN from January 2014 to June 2016 was conducted and the clinical pathological influence of high uric acid on IMN was analyzed.Results (1) Of the total,the prevalence of hyperuricaemia patients was 23.2％ (73 cases);(2) The difference of age,course of the disease,blood pressure and symptoms between hyperuricaemia IMN patients and IMN patients with normal uric acid was statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05);(3) Laboratory test indexes such as blood lipid and renal function between hyperuricaemia IMN patients and IMN patients with normal uric acid indicated statistical significance (P ＜ 0.05);(4) The pathological damage was aggravated in hyperuricaemia IMN patients (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion High uric acid can enhance the clinical and pathological damage of IMN,and comprehensive and effective treatments should be conducted to delay the development of disease.

Expression and clinical significance of HGF and C-Met in cholangiocarcinoma / 重庆医学

Objective To investigate the expression and clinical significance of HGF and C-Met in cholangiocarcinoma .Meth-ods The levels of HGF and C-Met were measured by ELISA ,the expression of HGF and C-Met in cholangiocarcinoma and health control was detected by immunohistochemistry .Results The preoperative levels of HGF and C-Met in cholangiocarcinoma were higher than the health control(P< 0 .05) .Compared with the preoperative state ,the levels of HGF and C-Met in cholangiocarcino-ma on the 3rd day after operation did not change significantly .However ,the levels of HGF and C-Met on the postoperative 7th and 10th day decreased obviously .In addition ,the expression of HGF and C-Met in cholangiocarcinoma was 76 .2% ,81 .0% ,respective-ly ,which is higher than that in normal tissue ( P < 0 .01) .Conclusion There is an abnormal expression of HGF and C-Met in cholangiocarcinoma ,which may be related to the incidence and development of cholangiocarcinoma .

Clinical analysis of 104 cases of adenoid cystic carcinoma of nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses / 中国癌症杂志

Background and purpose:Adenoid cystic carcinoma is a rare tumor from salivary gland tissues; the incidence is about 1% to 2% of all head and neck malignant tumors. The incidence of adenoid cystic carcinoma of nasal sinuses is lower. Its characteristics include slow growth, less lymph node metastasis, easy to tissue invasion and growing along the nerves. It has high rate of recurrence and distant metastasis. Patients with the disease always have poor prognosis. This study aimed to investigate the prognosis and its impacting factors in Chinese patients with adenoid cystic carcinoma of nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses.Methods:This was a single center, prospective, observational study in Chinese patients with adenoid cystic carcinoma of nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses. Total 104 patients who received radiotherapy during the period between Sep. 2000 and Nov. 2012 were included and followed up for median 5.1 years. Kaplan-Meier, log-rank test, and COX proportional hazards model were used for survival-related analysis. Results:Mean age of patients was (54.5±11.5) years with equal numbers of males and females. The most common primary site was nasal cavity (63.5%) followed by maxillary sinus (29.8%). 76.0% of patients were at clinical stagesⅢ-Ⅳ, 56.7% of patients with positive surgical margin and 34.6% of patients with positive nerve invasion. In terms of treatment regimens, 67.3% of patients received postoperative radiotherapy, 27.9% received preoperative radiotherapy, only 4.8% received pure radiotherapy, and 29.8% received chemotherapy combined with surgery and radiotherapy.Conformal radiation therapy (CRT) was the most common radiotherapy which was used in 81.7% of patients, followed by intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) which was used in 18.3% of patients. Finally, 18 patients had recur-rence and 28 patients had distant metastasis. The most common metastatic site was lung, and nerve invasion was the independent risk factor for recurrence or metastasis (P=0.000 2). The overall survival rates of 5 and 10 years were 77% (95%CI: 68.7%-85.3%) and 67.8% (95%CI: 57.8%-77.9%), respectively. The disease-free survival rates of 5 years and 10 years were 57.8% (95%CI: 48.0%-67.7%) and 56.4% (95%CI: 46.3%-66.4%), respectively. Recurrence or distant metastasis was critical risk factor for overall survival (HR=60.1, 95%CI: 8.15-443.1,P<0.0001). Positive nerve invasion was a signiifcant factor for disease-free survival (HR=2.99, 95%CI: 1.642-5.445,P=0.0002). The primary sites, clinical stage, status of surgical margin, or radiotherapy methods had no impact on the prognosis of patients with adenoid cystic carcinoma of nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses.Conclusion:Positive nerve invasion, recurrence or distant metastasis may be important factors affecting the prognosis of Chinese patients with adenoid cystic carcinoma of nasal cavity and nasal sinuses.

Clinicopathological comparative study of IgM nephropathy and IgA nephropathy in children / 临床儿科杂志

Objective To compare the clinical and pathological differences between IgM nephropathy (IgMN) and IgA nephropathy (IgAN) in children. Methods Clinical manifestations, laboratory examination results, and renal patholog-ical data from 38 children with IgMN and 40 children with IgAN were compared. Results The mean age of onset in IgMN group was younger than that in IgAN group (P0.05). In IgAN group, the incidence of proteinuria, RBC casts in tubular, C3 and ifbrinogen deposition, and foot process effacement were higher in the cases with severe glomerular injury than those in the cases without severe glomerular injury (P<0.05); the degree of impairment of renal function, the incidence of severe mesangial cell proliferation, and glomerular sclerosis were more serious in the cases with severe tubular injury than those in the cases without severe tubular injury (P<0.05). Conclusions The clinical and pathological features are different between IgMN and IgAN in children. The renal damage is less in IgMN than that in IgAN children. Different from IgAN children, there is no parallel relationship between tubular and glomerular injury in IgMN children.

Meta analysis of clinical and pathological features of breast cancer in young women in China / 重庆医学

Objective To compare the clinical and pathological features of Chinese young breast cancer(age ≤ 35)with elder patients(> 35)using Meta analysis .Methods Published studies concerning clinical and pathological features of young breast cancer in China were searched systemically and assessed .Stata12 .0 software was used for data analyzing and calculating OR and its 95%CI .Results Totally 31 studies were selected for Meta analysis ,and most of them were classified as 6 - 7 scores ,which showed the quality of articles was high .The risk factors of breast cancer and its pooled odds ratio values with statistical significance were as fol‐lows 6 .42(95% CI :4 .22 - 9 .79) ,0 .61(95% CI :0 .50 - 0 .74)when clinical staging of 0 - Ⅱ phase or Ⅰ - Ⅱ phase ,2 .25(95% CI :1 .69 - 2 .99)when histological type of Invasive carcinoma ,1 .73(95% CI :1 .23 - 2 .43)when histological grade of III grade ,1 .80 (95% CI :1 .23 - 2 .43)when positive of lymph node metastasis .Conclusion Compared with elder breast cancer ,the clinical and pathological characteristics of young breast cancer were mainly for the high misdiagnosis rate ,the late clinical stage ,the high pro‐portion invasive carcinoma ,the poor histological differentiation and the lymph node metastasising easily ,the hint of young breast cancer screening and treatment may be different principles and measures should be adopted .

Correlación clínico patológica de los fallecidos en el posoperatorio de revascularización miocárdica, período 2006 al 2009 del Hospital “Hermanos Ameijeiras”, Cuba / Clinical and pathological correlationship of deceased patients in postoperative myocardial revascularization, from 2006 to 2009 at “Hermanos Ameijeiras” Hospital. Cuba

Introducción: en Cuba al igual que en el resto del mundo, las enfermedades isquemicas cardiacas ocupan las primeras causas de muerte con un incremento del número de cirugías de revascularización miocárdica. El amplio uso de autopsia en Cuba y su efi cacia, motivó establecer la correlación clínico patológica de los pacientes fallecidos operados de revascularización miocárdica como herramienta de control de la calidad en el quehacer profesional. Objetivo: determinar la correlación clínico patológica de los fallecidos en el postoperatorio de revascularización miocárdica en cirugía cardiovascular del Hospital “Hermanos Ameijeiras” entre 2006 a 2009. Materiales y métodos: se realizó un estudio descriptivo, retrospectivo y de corte transversal, se analizaron causas básicas y directas de muerte, clínicamente y por autopsia; se compararon según parámetros de anatomía patológica para evaluar calidad del diagnóstico en coincidentes (total o parcial) o no coincidentes. Se obtuvieron 682 pacientes operados en este período; la muestra quedó constituida por 59 fallecidos para un 8,6% de mortalidad. Se contó con la aprobación del comité de ética. Resultados: más del 70% del total de fallecidos corresponde a mayores de 60 años. Se observó un incremento de fallecidos masculinos sobre femeninos con relación 7:2. Existe prevalencia en factores de riesgo como hipertensión arterial e infarto cardíaco previo.

. La primera causa directa de muerte tanto clínica como por autopsia fue el fallo multiorgánico seguido del choque cardiogénico. Según causas básicas de muerte la ateroesclerosis ocupó el primer lugar con 91,5% y 98,3% clínicamente y por autopsia respectivamente. No existió correlación clínico patológica en 20,3% de causas directas de muerte, y 8,5% en causas básicas de muerte. Conclusiones: los parámetros fueron adecuados para discrepancias diagnosticas en este estudio, con rango de aceptabilidad de 10 al 40%. Se diagnosticaron 20 infartos agudos del miocardio, solo siete pasaron desapercibidos. Las discrepancias para infarto agudo de miocardio, mundialmente oscilan entre 20 a 74%, en el estudio fue del 26%. Se diagnosticaron tres casos de tromboembolismo pulmonar y dos dejaron de diagnosticarse. Las discrepancias para tromboembolismo pulmonar, mundialmente oscilan del 50 a 89%, en este caso fue del 40%.

In Cuba like the rest of the world, the fi rst cause of death are heart isquemic diseases and there is an increasing number of myocardial revascularization. We use autopsy regularly and we could use the results to establish clinical and pathological correlationship of deceased patients in postoperative myocardial revascularization to improves our medical and professional work. Objective: to determine clinical and pathological correlation of deceased patients in postoperative myocardial revascularization. “Hermanos Ameijeiras” Hospital (January2006 – december 2009). Materials and methods: a descriptive, transversal and retrospective study was realized, in the retrospective period dating from January 2006 to December 2009, In the Cardiology Center of Surgery Clinic Hospital “Hermanos Ameijeiras.” This work was approved by the Ethics Committee responsible for this investigation. The sample was constituted by 59 deceased patients, in each one we analyze clinical and pathological direct and basic causes of death, then a comparison was made according with international rules and we express the results in fi nal coincidence(total, partial or not).

Results: the predominant age of deceased patients after Myocardial Revascularization surpassed 60 years of age over 70%. The coronary risk factors largely associated were Hypertension and Acute myocardial infarction. The majority of patients were male over female with a relationship of 7:2. The fi rst direct cause of death clinical and by autopsy was multiorgan failure followed by cardiogenic shock. The fi rst basic cause of death clinical and by autopsy was Atherosclerosis coincidently. We cannot found clinical and pathological coincidence in 20.3% in direct causes of death, and 8,5% in basic causes of death. Conclusions: in our study we are in the acceptability range of not coincident diagnostics, even in the range from 10 to 40%. 20 acute myocardial infarction were identify and 7 of then were not. Clinical and pathological international disagreement for acute myocardial infarction is from 20 to 74% and we are in 26%. three pulmonary embolisms were identify and two of them were not. Clinical and pathological international Disagreement for pulmonary embolism is from 50 al 89% and we are in 40%.

Intrahepatic biliary papillomatosis:a report of 9 cases / 中华肝胆外科杂志

Objective Intrahepatic biliary papillomatosis(IBP)is a rare disease that is characterized by multiple numerous papillary adenomas in the intrahepatic biliary duct(IBD).The clinical features and outcome,however,are not well known.The clinicopathologic features,treatments and follow-up results were retrospectively analyzed in order to improve the efficiency of diagnosis and treatment for the disease.Methods Between August 2006 and October 2008,9 patients were diagnosed with IBP by histological findings at a tertiary referral center,Ningbo Medical Center(University of Ningbo,College of Medicine,Ningbo,China).The authors retrospectively reviewed the medical records to obtain clinical,radiological and pathologic data.The therapeutic results and follow-up data were also reviewed.Results The ratio of male to female was 2:7 and the middle age was 59 years.Repeated episodes of fever and right upper quadrant abdominal pain with or without jaundice were the common clinical manifestations.There were intrahepatic choledocholithiasis and/or history of previous biliary operation in 8 cases.The level of CA19-9 and CEA were almost normal.Imaging workup demonstrated cyst-like dilatation of intrahepatic biliary tree with or without liver atrophy,which were more obvious in the mucin-hypersecreting IBP.All of the 9 cases underwent curative resection with an adequate resection margin.Macroscopic findings demonstrated that the tumors of 9 cases were all located in the left lobe with mucin-hypersecreting type in 7 cases.The diameter of numerous papillary granular was usually less than 10 mm(from 2 to 5 mm.frequently)and friable,that filled the dilated IHD dispersive.Fine fibrovascular cores lined by dysplastic epithelial cells were frequently found under microscope.Few foci of stromalinvasion were noticed in the two cases with malignant transformation.All of the 9 cases survived and there was no recurrence.Conclusion IBP occurs more often in middle and old women who have history of biliary disease. Repeated episodes of cholangitis are the common clinical manifestations. Extra- and intrahepatic biliary tract dilatation is the common imaging finding.MRCP/ERCP is more valuable than others in diagnosis. Clinical and histological finding shows that IBP is a premalignant disease with high malignant potential. Curative resection should be done as earlyas possible for the long-term survival rate. The use of cholangioscopy in operation and rapid biopsy of resection margin will benefit the curative resection.

Correlación clínico-patológica de las enfermedades tumorales en el Servicio de Dermatología del Hospital Nacional Dos De Mayo / Correlation between the clinical and the anatomo pathological diagnosis in the tumoral pathology in the Hospital Nacional Dos de Mayo

OBJETIVO: Determinar la correlación entre el diagnóstico clínico y anatomopatológico de las enfermedades tumorales en el Servicio de Dermatología del Hospital Nacional Dos de Mayo (HNDM). METODOLOGÍA: Estudio descriptivo, retrospectivo y observacional. La población estuvo constituida por los pacientes sometidos a biopsia en el Servicio de Dermatología del HNDM por patología tumoral benigna o maligna, durante los meses de enero a diciembre 2007. Se revisó las historias clínicas y los informes anatomopatológicos de los pacientes con la finalidad de determinar la correlación entre el diagnóstico clínico y anatomopatológico de acuerdo al tipo de tumor cutáneo, distribución por localización topográfica y sexo del paciente. RESULTADOS: Se evaluó 152 diagnósticos clínicos y anatomopatológicos, el 60.5% correspondióa neoplasias benignas y el 39.5% a neoplasias malignas; se encontró correlación clínico-patológicaen el 67.8% de neoplasias. El análisis de los diagnósticos clínico y anatomopatológico para los tumores benignos mostró correlación en el 66.3% de los casos. Los diagnósticos clínicos que mostraron con mayor frecuencia discordancia con la histopatología fueron las verrugas vulgares (4/31), queratosis seborreica (3/31), pilomatrixoma (3/31) y cuerno cutáneo (3/31). Para los tumores malignos, existió correlación en el 70.0% de los casos. Los diagnósticos clínicos que mostraron con mayor frecuencia discordancia con la anatomía-patológica fueron el carcinoma basocelular (7/18), carcinoma espinocelular (3/18), melanoma maligno (2/18) y linfoma cutáneo (2/18). CONCLUSIÓN: Existe un nivel moderado (67.8%) de correlación entre el diagnóstico clínico y anatomopatológico para la patología tumoral en el Servicio de Dermatología del HNDM el cual es similar para los tumores benignos y malignos.

OBJECTIVE: To determinate the correlation between the clinical and the anatomathological diagnosis in the tumoral pathology in the Serviceof Dermatology, Hospital Nacional Dos de Mayo (HNDM). METHODOLOGY: Descriptive, retrospective and observacional study, population was the patients that suffered a biopsy ordered by the Service of Dermatology, HNDM due to benigne or malignant tumoral pathology, since January to December 2007. Clinical records and the anatomopathological diagnosis according the type of cutaneous tumor, distribution by topographic localitation and sexe of the patient. RESULTS: 152 clinical histopathologic diagnosis of cutaneous neoplasias were evaluated, 60.5% were benignal neoplasias and 39.5% malignant neoplasias. There were a clinical-pathological correlation in the 67.8% of neoplasis no statistically significant difference between both groups were showed (p=0.384). The analisis for the clinical and histopathological diagnosis for benignal tumours showed acorrelation in the 66.3% of the cases. Clinical diagnosis that showed more frequently discordance with the histopathology were verruca vulgaris (4/31), seborrheic keratosis (3/31), pilomatrixoma (3/31) y cutaneous corn (3/31). There was a correlation for malignant tumours, in the 70% between the clinical diagnosis that showed a major discordance with the histophatology were the basal cell carcinomas (7/18), espinocelular carcinoma (3/18), malignant melanoma (2/18) y cutaneous lymphoma (2/18). CONCLUSIONS: there is a moderated level (67.8%) of correlation between the clinical ananatomopatologic diagnosis for tumoral pathology in the Service of Dermatology of the HNDM.

Clinical analysis on 32 cases of chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy / 第三军医大学学报

Objective To summarize the clinical, electrophysiological, pathological characteristics of chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (CIDP). Methods From Jan 1990 to Dec 2003, 32 patients of CIDP were admitted by our hospital, 14 male and 18 female. The age range of onset of illness was 13 to 74 years old (averaging 42.56) with the prime period of 40 to 50. Before hospitalization, the course was from 2 months to 5 years. Among all patients, there were 8 cases of a relapsing course and 24 cases of a chronic progressive course. Twenty-four patients were treated with corticosteroids, while 7 received immuglobin (IG) and corticosteroids. The clinical data before and after the treatment was studied retrospectively. Results Most of the patients had subacute or chronic onsets. The common initial symptoms are numbness, paresthesia, and extremity weakness. Diplopia, decreased visual acuity, dysarthria, and dysphagia could also be found initially. It was usually a symmetric sensorimotor neuropathy with either a relapsing course or a chronic progressive course. It could be accompanied with autonomic dysfunction and cranial nerve involvement. Electromyogram demonstrated that the motive and sensory nerve conduction velocities were slow. The sural nerve biopsy showed demyelination and remyelination. `IG and corticosteroids were both effective. Conclusion CIDP might result in widespread peripheral nerve damages, in which autonomic dysfunction and cranial nerve involvement were common. The dominant electrophysiological changes showed peripheral nerve demyelination accompanied by axon degeneration. The sural nerve biopsy played an important role of diagnosis. The treatment with IG and corticosteroids was a most effective way for CIDP nowadays.

The Clinical and Pathological Analysis of 50 Cases of Retinoblastoma / 昆明医科大学学报

The clinical and pathological analysis were used in 50 cases of retinoblastoma who were definity diagnosed by means of pathology examination.Their average age is 3.6 year—old.No significant difference was found between both sexes.In all these cases only one eye had the retinoblastoma.Most of the tumours appeared as internal—growth.Under the microscope the main type of the retinoblastoma is the type of undivided.The article also disscussed its heredity, diagnosis distinguish diagnosis and treatment.