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The first metacarpal fracture is very common in forensic identification process,it often affects the function of the thumb,and how to correctly assess the degree of loss of thumb function become a focus in the fields of forensic medicine.We review the existing problems in the forensic identification of the first metacarpal fracture.
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Usually, the rape cases should include the evidence of both violence and sexual intercourse. These important evidences often were consist of mechanical injury, use of drugs and biological materials. Due to the rape pathway and the client behavior, there were some different showings in the type, feature, position of damage and also the biological species, legacy parts, legacy object etc. They were easily losed If ignored the process of collecting the biological materials. In this article, we summarized the elevant information and technical details related the ifnding, harvesting and testing of damage, drugs, biological examples. Meanwhile, we concerned the occurrence time, environment, regional, criminal methods, and the professional characteristics of suspects and victims. Hopefully the paper can give a hand to police.
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Deep vein thrombosis is the common complication of trafifc injury , it is one of the dififculties of forensic identiifcation to identify disability grade and the relationship between injury and disease. When post-thrombotic syndrome happens, circulatory system and leg will be dysfunction, caused by the destruction of valve and venous wall and by the blockage of thrombus. The quality of life and working ability will be seriously affected. The impact of different types of deep vein thrombosis on human body was analysised after looking up relevant literatures, then it was discussed that the identiifcation of following questions including: the relationship between injury and disease, how to identify disability grade and it’s best time.
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Forensic medicine is the medical specialty that is practiced at the interface with the law. It involves the assessment and interpretation in an individual who has become involved either as a suspect or victim in some form of alleged criminal action. In practice however, the role of practitioners of forensic medicine has widened to include civil jurisdictions and matters of medical ethics. Clinical Forensic Medicine is the application of forensic medical techniques to living. To address the un-met forensic needs of victims who are survivors of violent crimes and trauma there is urgent need of examination of victims of violence by a specially trained person in medicolegal matters i.e. clinical forensic physicians. In this program, the clinical forensic physicians will evaluate adult and pediatric victims of blunt and penetrating trauma, sexual and physical abuse and collect evidentiary material when indicated. In this paper the importance of Clinical Forensic Medicine Program and recommendations made by the “Survey Committee Report on Medico-Legal Practices in India, 1964” regarding its implementation are presented.
Subject(s)
Crime Victims , Forensic Medicine , Forensic Medicine/methods , Forensic Medicine/trends , Forensic Medicine/statistics & numerical data , Humans , India , ViolenceABSTRACT
This study explored the accuracy of using visual evoked potentials (VEP) technology for visual acuity estimation. The enrolled 726 patients with post-traumatic unilateral decrease in visual acuity included the injured eyes served as the experimental group, and the healthy eyes as the control group. The least signal visual angle (LSVA), and amplitude and latency of P100 were chosen as test indexes. The results under different experimental conditions were recorded by PRVEP technology. All data collected were processed and analyzed by SPSS software. The results showed that the coincidence between subjective and VEP visual acuity was 96.7% in control group, but there was very significant difference in experimental group. It was concluded that with the regression formulation for the amplitude of P100 and vision under LSVA, visual acuity can be estimated more accurately and impartially.
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Objective Review the epidemiology, injuries and assessments for body impairment on the injured children and teenagers in road traffic accidents (RTAs). Methods The data of 256 cases of assessment for body impairment of the injured children and teenagers in RATs was studied retro spectively. Results Boys were injured more than girls, mainly 6-18 years of age. RATs occurred mostly in 10-12a.m and 4-6p.m. The types of vehicles were mostly car and wagon. The commonest accidents were injury of pedestrians. The sites of injures were mainly head and extremities, the commonest injures were fracture, contusion and wound, the degree of internal organ injuries was relatively slight, the fracture of lower extremities was far more often than the upper extremities. Most of the injuries were assessed to be of medial injury. In most of the cases the rate of disability was evaluated to be lighe (33.2%), in which Ⅸ , Ⅹ grade were the commonest. Conclusion The criterion of assessment for body impairment of the injured in RTAs should be broadened properly, some special items for children and teenagers should be added.
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Objective To investigate the clinical forensic assessment on cases of suspected medical malpractice and the other related aspects concerning the assessment in clinical forensic expertise. Methods Clinical data from 25 cases expertized for suspicion of medical malpractice were retrospectively analyzed. Results 16 cases were due to the medical muff (10 cases of 16 medical muff had a bad consequence and happened in the department of operation, 6 cases had not ones); 9 cases were non-medical muff. Conclusion Though the medical muff recognized is basic, but the relationship between the medical muff and the following bad results of medical muff is the best key for the forensic expertise. Otherwise, the scientific and practical value must be considered in the forensic expertise.
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Objective To compare the differences between three kinds of reconstruction methods of the multi-planar spiral CT in diagnosing fractures of skull base , in order to appraise fractures of skull base in forensic medical examinations. Method 40 cases with suspicious basio-cranial fractures after cranio-cerebral trauma were examined by multi-planar spiral CT scanning. The data were imported into workstation for ax-ial scanning, multi-planar reconstruction (MPR) and 3D-reconstruction (using SSD). Results In 24 cases with anterior fossa fractures, 9 cases were found by axial scanning, 24 cases by MPR, 9 by SSD. The comparison between these groups showed significant statistical difference (P
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Objective To observe the morphological change of retina and its affection on visual function after optic nerve crush in adult rat. Methods The models of optic nerve crush in rats were made. The change of retinas in different time (1,3 ,5 ,7,9,14,28,56,84d respectively) after injury were observed by light microscope, and the flash visual evoked potential (F-VEP) was recorded in normal and injured rats. Result The number of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) was significantly reduced in the partial lesion of optic nerve crush compared with normal optic nerves without injury. The initial loss of RGCs was accelerated during 3-7days after nerve crush and then declined gradually by 14 days, and no change was observed after 28 days. The wave of F-VEP became lower and wider in one day after the crush, and the latency and amplitude of F-VEP declined gradually from one day to 14 days, and recovery response was observed by the time of 4 weeks after injury. Conclusion The secondary degeneration of RGCs following optic nerve crush is the important morphological foundation of fall of visual function, which have relativity with the regular decline of visual function.
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Objective To explore the classification of contrecoup orbital wall fractures, the mechanism of their formation and their identification in forensic practice. Method Forty-Two eases of contrecoup orbital wall fraeture were reviewed and studied. Each case has clear history of injury and both eyes have been clinically checked and CT scan performed. Results The contrecoup orbital wall fracture amounts up to 6.2% among eye socket wall fractures. Forty-two cases with home lateral injuries showed eyeball blunt contusion, 18 of them had retina concussion, 15 eyes had diplopia, no fracture on the orbital walls of that side were found by CT scanner. The 42 eyes on the opposite side of the injuries did not show eyeball contusion or retina concussion, but 10 eyes had diplopia and the orbital internal wall fractures were found in all cased by CT scanner. All 84 eyes of these eases had decreased of blurring of vision. Conclusion The main criteria for diagnosing contrecoup orbital wail, fracture is the found of head trauma with home lateral eyeball blant injury and orbital wall fracture at the opposite side proven by CT scanner and also some degree of injury in the eyeball on that side. The damage was assessed to be of minor injury.