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Objective:To investigate the clinical pathologic features of high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL) in postmenopausal women.Methods:The clinical data of hospital patients with HSIL admitted to the Department of Gynecology of The First People's Hospital of Lianyungang, Jiangsu Province from January 2019 to December 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. Patients undergoing liquid-based thin-layer cytology, high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV), colposcopy, cervical biopsy and Endocervical curettage (ECC), pathological diagnosis of HSIL, followed by cold knife conization (CKC). The diagnosis and treatment process conformed to the cervical cancer diagnosis and treatment norms, and there were a total of 594 patients with no previous cervical surgery history,including 463 cases in the premenopausal group and 131 cases in the menopausal group, and the age, contact bleeding, gynecological examination, HR-HPV, liquid-based thin layer cytology, colposcopy and biopsy results, and post-cervical cone surgery pathological results were compared and analyzed, and multivariate Logistic regression analysis was carried out for statistically different factors to identify the clinical pathological characteristics of postmenopausal HSIL patients. T-test was used for the comparison between measurement data groups with normal distribution, and rank sum test was used for the comparison between measurement data groups with non normal distribution. Counting data use χ 2 test or Fisher exact probability method. Logistic regression analysis was used in multivariate analysis. Results:There was no significant difference in the positive rate of contact bleeding (12.98%(17/131)) and HR-HPV (77.86%(102/131)) between postmenopausal group and non postmenopausal group (11.45%(53/463) and 80.56% (373/463))(χ 2 values were 0.23 and 0.46; P values were 0.632 and 0.496). The proportion of cervical columnar epithelium displacement (43.51% (57/131)) and abnormal liquid-based thin-layer cytology (87.79%(115/131)) in the postmenopausal group were lower than those in the non postmenopausal group (64.36%(298/463) and 93.74%(434/463)). There was significant difference between the two groups (χ 2 values were 18.46 and 5.16; P values were < 0.001 and 0.023). The positive rate of ECC (62.60%(82/131)), cervical type Ⅲ transformation area (73.28%(96/131)), the proportion of pathological upgrading after conization (9.92%(13/131)) and the positive rate of cutting edge after conization (24.43%(32/131)) in menopausal group were higher than those in non menopausal patients (46.22%(214/463), 26.78%(124/463), 1.73%(8/463) and 5.40%(25/463)). There were significant differences between the two groups (χ 2 values were 10.95, 94.68, 20.11 and 42.62; P values were 0.001, <0.001, <0.001 and <0.001). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed a high proportion of cervical type Ⅲ transformational zones ( OR=6.569, 95% CI 4.130-10.446), high ECC positivity ( OR=1.978, 95% CI 1.250-3.128), the positive rate of cone incision margins was high ( OR=4.581, 95% CI 2.386-8.794), the proportion of pathological escalation after cone surgery ( OR=4.612, 95% CI 1.557-13.668) and the proportion of smooth cervical appearance were high ( OR=0.464, 95% CI 0.294-0.731), which was the clinicopathological feature of postmenopausal HSIL ( P values were <0.001, 0.004, <0.001, 0.006 and 0.001). Conclusion:There were differences in HSIL in patients before and after menopause, clinical symptoms and screening manifestations were atypical, and lesions are easy to involve the cervical canal, the positive rate of the cut margin after coneectomy was high, and the proportion of pathological escalation was high, so more aggressive intervention should be taken for women diagnosed with precancerous cervical lesions after menopause
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Objective:To investigate the epidemiological and clinicopathological characteristics of thyroid cancer.Methods:Data of 13 673 thyroid cancer patients admitted to the First Medical Center of PLA General Hospital from Jan. 2014 to Dec. 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. According to the admission criteria, 9 662 patients were screened out, including 2 768 males and 6 894 females, with an average age of 43.98±11.28 years. According to the year of diagnosis and treatment, the incidence of thyroid cancer, the changing trend of age of new cases, the average length of hospitalization, the pathological classification of the tumor, the size of the primary tumor, multifocal tumor, and the rate of lymph node metastasis were statistically analyzed. The surgical methods were summarized and discussed.Results:① Characteristics of population economics: the ratio of males to females were 1.00:2.49, the number of cases increased year by year, and the rate of increase of female was higher than that of male. The average age of onset of the patients was (43.98±11.28) years old, and the incidence rate of the young population increased by 6.0%, showing a younger trend. The mean length of hospital stay was (7.21±2.85) d, and the length of hospital stay decreased. ② Clinicopathological features: There were 9 513 cases of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) (98.46%) , 45 cases of follicular thyroid carcinoma (FTC) (0.47%) , 58 cases of medullary carcinoma (MTC) (0.60%) and 18 cases of poorly differentiated thyroid carcinoma (PDTC) (0.19%) . There were 2 cases (0.02%) of undifferentiated thyroid carcinoma (ATC) and 26 cases (0.26%) of a particular type. The tumor size was (1.10±0.85) cm, among which the microcarcinoma (D ≤1 cm) accounted for 64.5% and showed an increasing trend year by year, with the fastest growth rate. There were 3 809 cases of multifocal carcinoma (39.4%) , and the proportion of multifocal carcinoma increased year by year in recent 3 years. The central region and lateral region lymph node metastasis rates were 33.0% and 13.0%, respectively. Correlation analysis showed that the differences were statistically significant except for pathological types ( P<0.05) . ③ Surgical methods: in the first 3 years, 2 224 patients (84.2%) underwent normative primary resection, which increased to 94.9% in the last 3 years. In the first 3 years, 2 033 patients (77.0%) underwent central lymph node dissection, which increased to 91.8% in the last 3 years. In the first 3 years, 188 cases (50.5%) underwent normative lateral cervical dissection, which increased to 71.6% in the last 3 years. Conclusions:The incidence of thyroid cancer is increasing year by year, showing a younger trend; Papillary carcinoma accounts for 98.5% of thyroid cancer. The proportion of microcarcinoma and multifocal carcinoma is increasing. The rate of lymph node metastasis in the central region and lateral region is increasing; surgery is gradually standardized, and it is necessary to standardize the diagnosis and treatment of thyroid cancer and postoperative follow-up.
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Objective To investigate the clinical pathological characteristics and the prognosis of the invasive micropapillary carcinoma (IMPC) of breast cancer.Methods The clinical pathological characteristics of 47 IMPC patients treated in the Second Hospital of Jilin University from Jan.2010 to Dec.2016 were retrospectively analyzed.A long term survival has been followed.Results 47 IMPC patients were all female.The median age was 56(34-76) years old.The median diameter of the tumor was 1.9(0.8-7.0) cm.The rate of axillary lymph node metastasis was 66.7％ (30/44),the median number of axillary lymph node metastasis was 9.5 (1-55),and the metastasis number of 1 to 3 accounted for 43.3％ (13/30),the metastasis number of 4 to 9 accounted for 6.7％ (2/30),and the metastasis number more than 10 accounted for 50％ (15/30).The lymphatic invasion rate was 40.2％(39/97),and the skin and (or) the nipple invasion rate was 15.6％(7/45).The positive rate of ER,PR,HER2,E-Cadherin was 95.7％(44/46),91.3％(42/46),10.5％(4/38),100％(40/40),respectively.The tumor cell growth index marked by Ki-67 was 1％-80％,and 78.3％ patients' tumor cell growth index marked by Ki-67 were more than 20％.Conclusions IMPC is a relatively rare special type of breast cancer,which typically occurs at middle-aged and old female.The expression of ER,PR,E-Cadherin is high and the expression of HER2 is low.It has strong ability and high positive rate of lymph node metastasis,lymphatic invasion,and poor prognosis.
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Objective To understand the characteristics of hydatidiform mole (HM) in recent years in Guangdong area. Methods We analyzed statistically the clinical pathological characteristics of 432 cases with HM in Guangdong area from 2000 to 2016 and compared them with the characteristics of cases before 2000. Results Of the total,the rate of partial hydatidiform mole(PHM)reached 75.9％ and it was higher than that of complete hydatidiform mole. The incidence of PHM was higher than that before 2000. The highest proportion of cases was found in women aged from 21 to 25 and the menopause-time of the cases decreased when compared with that in 1990s,which indicated that early detection and early diagnosis of hydatidiform mole was increased. Vaginal bleeding was still a common accompanying symptom. The cases with history of pregnancy exceeded the cases without by 15.7 times;the pluriparas exceeded the nulliparae by 1.4 times and the cases with abortion history exceeded the cases without by 2.8 times in the incidence of HM. Conclusions Since 2000,HM has been dominated by PHM in Guangdong;the diagnosis time is advanced and the patients aged from 21 to 25 are in the majority. Previous pregnancy is an important risk factor for HM in Guangdong.
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The incidence of adenocarcinoma of the esophagogastric junction ( AEG) is rising rapidly in recent years. AEG as an independent disease different from squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus and gastric adenocarcinoma is getting acknowledged for most of scholars, with the distinctive anatomy location and involute recurrence and metastasis style. A higher rate of relapse and poor prognosis after resection become conscious since most of patients have been diagnosed with advanced disease, and adjuvant chemoradiotherapy needs to be valued further. But so far, there is no clinical data and subgroup analysis aimed at the value of postoperative treatment for AEG specially, leading to controversy is remaining in patients could get benefit from postoperative treatment, and delineation of the radiation target, etc. The design of the irradiation target should in terms of the clinical?pathological characteristics of the AEG, Siewert'''' s subtypes, the lymph node metastasis mapping and recurrence characteristics after surgery.
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Objective To understand the characteristics of hydatidiform mole (HM) in recent years in Guangdong area. Methods We analyzed statistically the clinical pathological characteristics of 432 cases with HM in Guangdong area from 2000 to 2016 and compared them with the characteristics of cases before 2000. Results Of the total,the rate of partial hydatidiform mole(PHM)reached 75.9％ and it was higher than that of complete hydatidiform mole. The incidence of PHM was higher than that before 2000. The highest proportion of cases was found in women aged from 21 to 25 and the menopause-time of the cases decreased when compared with that in 1990s,which indicated that early detection and early diagnosis of hydatidiform mole was increased. Vaginal bleeding was still a common accompanying symptom. The cases with history of pregnancy exceeded the cases without by 15.7 times;the pluriparas exceeded the nulliparae by 1.4 times and the cases with abortion history exceeded the cases without by 2.8 times in the incidence of HM. Conclusions Since 2000,HM has been dominated by PHM in Guangdong;the diagnosis time is advanced and the patients aged from 21 to 25 are in the majority. Previous pregnancy is an important risk factor for HM in Guangdong.
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Objective To study the clinical pathological characteristics and prognostic factors of carcinosarcoma in corpora uteri.Methods Clinical data of 17 corpora uteri carcinosarcoma patitents diagnosed in Jining Medical University from June 2008 to December 2013 were analyzed.Results In 17 cases of uterine sarcoma,I had 3 cases, 4 cases of stageⅡ,8 cases of stage Ⅲ,and 1 case of stage Ⅳ.The overall survival rates of the 3 years and stage Ⅲ ~Ⅳ were 62.5% and 11.1%,respectively.The 3 -year survival rate was 100.0%,and the 5 -year survival rates of stageⅠ ~Ⅱ,Ⅲ ~Ⅳ were 37.5%,0.0%,respectively.Univariate analysis showed that the staging influenced the prognosis.Conclusion The prognosis of patients with uterine sarcoma is related to the surgical pathologic stage.
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Objective To explore the expression of Speckle-type POZ protein-like(SPOPL)in human glioma tis?sues and its relationship with clinical pathological parameters and prognosis. Methods Immunohistochemical and west?ern blotting method were used to detect SPOPL expression in glioma tissues and tumor peripheral tissues in 68 cases of glioma patients including 32 cases of low grade gliomas (WHO I- II), and 36 cases of high grade gliomas (WHO III-IV). T test,χ2 test, Kaplan-Meier method and the Cox regression model were used to analyze the relationship between the expression and clinical indicators. Results The expression of SPOPL was significantly lower in gliomas than in tumor pe?ripheral tissues (t=-8.754, P<0.05), the expression of SPOPL was lower in high pathological grade tissues than in low grade of glioma tissues (t=-13.552, P<0.05). SPOPL expression was associated with pathological grade ( χ2=4.023, P<0.05). Cox regression model showed that the tumor pathological grade and different SPOPL protein expression were inde?pendent risk factors for the prognosis of patients with glioma. Conclusions SPOPL may be a biomarkers of human brain gliomas and can help to evaluate the prognosis of brain glioma.
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Objective:To study the expression of MMP-9 in nasal NK/T cell lymphoma, HIF-1a and its relationship with the clinical and pathologic characteristics. Methods:46 cases ( case group) of paraffin block specimens from patients with pathologically confirmed nasal NK/T cell lymphoma were collected from the Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical College For Nationalities,the same period endoscopy turbinate mucosa were confirmed by pathology in 20 cases of chronic inflammation of mucosa specimens ( control group) , respectively HE staining and immunohistochemistry handle two specimens, observation of the expression differences of two groups of specimens of pathological morphology, MMP-9 and HIF-1a, and to analyze its relationship with the clinical and pathological features of the patients. Results: Case group HIF-1a expression rate 67. 39% (31/46), expression was 6. 52% (3/20) in control group. , the HIF-1a case group were significantly higher than control group (P<0. 05). Case group MMP-9 expression rate 71. 74%(33/46), in the control group expression was 6. 52% (3/20), MMP-9 expression in the case group was significantly higher than control group (P<0. 05). HIF-1a and MMP-9 in positive expression in Ann Arbor staging (Ⅲ-Ⅳ), lymph node metastasis, vascular invasion in patients with nasal NK/T cell lymphoma tissue appeared a high expression ( P< 0. 05 ) . Conclusion: Nasal NK/T cell lymphoma tissue of patients with HIF-1a, MMP-9 presented high expression, and there was a certain relationship between Arbor Ann stage (Ⅲ-Ⅳ) , lymph node metastasis and vascular invasion.
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[ ABSTRACT] AIM: To detect basic fibroblast growth factor ( bFGF ) expression in clinical common malignant tumor ( non-small-cell lung cancer,breast cancer, colon cancer and melanoma) , and to identify relationship between the expression and tumor clinicopathological characteristics.METHODS:Immunohistochemical SP method was used to detect the expression of bFGF at protein level in 208 cases of paraffin-embedded tissue of primary malignant tumor patients ( 68 cases of lung cancer, 80 cases of breast carcinoma, 41 cases of colon cancer and 19 cases of melanoma) .RESULTS:The bFGF protein expression levels were significantly higher in low differentiated non-small-cell lung cancer with lymph node metastasis, and were positively correlated with TNM.In addition, no significant influence of the bFGF protein expression on the patients with median survival period was observed.The protein expression of bFGF was higher in advanced breast cancer with lymph node metastasis and was commonly found in the middle/higher differentiated colon cancer with regional lymph node metastasis.Meanwhile, bFGF protein was highly expressed in advanced melanoma patients with lymph node metastasis.CONCLUSION:bFGF may participate in the process of occurrence and progression of malignant tumor.Ex-pression of bFGF protein may be an effective parameter for evaluating metastasis and prognosis of malignant tumor.
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Objective To investigate the distribution of breast invasive ductal carcinoma with different molecular subtypes ,and to study the relationship between molecular subtypes and clinical pathological features in Xinjiang area .Methods A total of 621 patients with IDC from January 2013 to January 2014 was classified into Luminal A type,Luminal B type,HER-2 overexpression type and Basal -like type,different molecular subtypes according to the estrogen receptor(ER),progesterone receptor(PR),epidermal growth factor receptor -2(HER-2) and Ki-67,and compared the statistics combining with the clinical pathological characteristics of IDC .Re-sults The result showed that Luminal B type accounted for 53.1%,Luminal A type,HER-2 overexpression type and Basal-like type accounted for 14.5%,15.9%,16.4%,respectively.There were significant differences between the molecular subtypes and tumor size ,histological grade ,tumor pathological stage ,the expression of ER , PR and HER-2(P0.05).Conclusion There is a close relationship between invasive ductal carcino-ma of different molecular subtypes and clinical pathological characteristics .The molecular subtypes are beneficial to treatment guidelines for clinical individual .
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Objective Knowing the BRCA gene mutational condition of high risk triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous and acquiring the differences of clinical and pathologic characteristics between person with BRCA gene mutation and person without it by means of BRCA gene mutation testing for 30 cases of TNBC in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous.Methods The objects of this study were 30 cases of high risk TNBC from Xinjiang.All the coded sequences of BRCA1/2 gene were amplified by means of extracting genomic DNA from peripheral venous blood.BRCA1/2 gene mutation analysis were prescreened through DHPLC.Then,the result was verified by DNA sequencing.The clinical and pathologic characteristics between person with BRCA gene mutation and person without it of 30 high risk TNBC cases were contrastively analysed.Results In all the 30 cases of BRCA gene mutation testing for TNBC in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous,there were 5 cases of pathogenic mutations of BRCA gene (5/30,16.7 ％); 4 cases of BRCA 1 mutation (4/30,13.3 ％); 1 case of BRCA 2 mutation (1/30,3.3 ％); and there was no mutation to be found in 25 cases of BRCA gene of TNBC (25/30,83.3 ％).As compared with person without gene mutation,who with it had the characteristics of earlier of TNM,the difference was statistically significant (P =0.040).Conclusion Since the rate of BRCA1 gene mutation of high risk TNBC is higher.It is suggested that the BRCA gene of every patients with high risk TNBC should be tested.Comparing with person with BRCA gene mutation and person without it,there might have differences on clinical pathological characteristics features.Therefor,individualized treatment should be taken into consideration.
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[Objective] To explore the clinical pathological characteristics and treatment of pancreatic careinoid. [Methods] Eight patients with pancreatic careinoid were recruited between January in 1997 and December in 2007 for retrospective analysis which involved tumor markers, inanunohistostaining, accompanied with other tumors, misdiagnosis, metastasis, in-hospital mortality rate, and so on. The relevant literatures were simultaneously reviewed to comprehend the clinical pathological characteristics of pancreatic carcinoid. [Results] Tumor markers CEA, CA199, CA125, and CA72-4 in pancreatic carcinoid were 0%, 25%, 12.5%, and 0%, respectively. Specimen immanohistostaining Syn, CgA, NSE, and CK in pancreatic carcinoid were 25%, 62.5%, 75%, and 75%, respectively. Two pancreatic carcinoids were accompanied by other tumors in 8 cases. The misdiagnosis rate of pancreatic carcinoid (7/8) was markedly high. Pancreatic carcinoid possessed high metastasis (50%), high in-hospital mortality rate (37.5%) and low radical operation undergone (62.5%). [Conclusions] Pancrcatic carcinoid was accompanied with high misdiagnosis rate and poor prognosis. Routine sero-markers did not help discover pancreatic carcinoid early. The final diagnosis depended on specimen immunohistostaining with Syn, CgA, NSE, and CK.