ABSTRACT
Complex clinical situation requires healthcare providers to be able to perceive, un-derstand and predict the situation changes correctly, namely they need situation awareness. Good clin-ical situational awareness can help clinical decision-making and cooperation, which is critical to im-proving the quality of healthcare. Therefore this review aims to summarize the meaning, applications, status and influence factors, measurements and training of clinical situation awareness, to provide evidence for training and improving clinical situation awareness.
ABSTRACT
Since intra-arterial chemotherapy with the help of implantation of port-catheter system (PCS) was first used in the surgical field in 1981, PCS has been widely employed in the field of interventional radiology. Intra-arterial chemotherapy by implantation of PCS has some certain advantages such as minimal invasion, no need of general anesthesia, etc. Ten randomized clinic trails have been already reported, which indicate that intra- arterial chemotherapy with PCS is obviously superior to systemic chemotherapy in treating hepatic metastasis form colorectal cancer. As for the treatment of advanced biliary tract cancer, pancreatic carcinoma and hepatocellular carcinoma, the relevant reports can be found only in several phaseⅠ/Ⅱclinical trials or in some retrospective cohort studies. This paper aims to make a comprehensive review about the indications, clinical applications and complications of PCS in treating abdominal tumors in order to improve the clinical practice.
ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the clinical and pathological features of limb-girdle muscular dystrophy type 2B(LGMD2B).Methods The clinical data and the pathological result of skeletal muscle in five patients with LGMD2B were analyzed retrospectively.Results Five patients presented muscle atrophy and weakness(four limbs in three patients and both lower limbs in two patients),and the chronic onset,and the progressive deterioration.The pathological examination showed that the muscle fibers degenerating,necrotic and regenerating in different extents were observed,and the infiltration of inflammatory cells were appeared on all of cases.Immunohistochemical stains showed that the expression of anti-dysferlin monoclonal antibody was negative,anti-Dystrophy,Sarcoglycan and dystroglycan monoclonal antibodies were positive normaly,anti-CD8+T cell monoclonal antibody was negative,and anti-MHC-1 monoclonal antibody was up-regulated in five patients.Conclusions The clinical characters of LGMD2B are chronic onset,progressive muscle atrophy and weakness in four limbs or both lower limbs.The pathological characters of LGMD2B are similar to the changes of polymyositis.