ABSTRACT
Purpose: To study the epidemiological pattern and diagnostic accuracy of histopathologically proven eyelid lesions over a period of two decades. Methods: A retrospective study of all histopathologically proven eyelid lesions from April 1996 to March 2016 was conducted. The lesions were broadly categorized as benign or malignant. Inflammatory and infectious lesions were included under the benign category. The percentage and diagnostic accuracy of each lesion was calculated. Results: There were a total of 994 (M = 551, F = 443) cases. The mean age of the patients was 43.5 ± 19.9 years. There were 809 (81.4%) benign and 185 (18.6%) malignant lesions. Benign lesions were commonly seen in the fourth decade, while the malignant ones in the late fifth decade. The upper lid was the most common site in both groups (n = 481, 48.4%). The commonest benign lesion was chalazion (n = 484, 59.8%). Dermal nevus (n = 94, 11.6%) was the most common benign neoplasm, while Molluscum contagiosum (n = 25, 3.09%) was the most common infectious lesion. Sebaceous gland carcinoma (SGC) (n = 103, 55.7%) was the leading malignant lesion followed by basal cell carcinoma (n = 39, 21.1%). Eleven malignant cases were misdiagnosed as benign (5.9%). Chalazion (99.1%) and SGC (65%) had the highest diagnostic accuracy, while Molluscum (40%) and squamous cell carcinoma (40%) were the most misdiagnosed lesions in the respective groups. Conclusion: Benign eyelid lesions are far more common than malignant ones. Atypical and rare presentations may lead to misdiagnosis. Knowledge of epidemiological patterns and clinical features can help in achieving higher diagnostic accuracy.
ABSTRACT
Objective: Granulosa cell tumors (GCT) are low-grade malignant sex cord-stromal tumors (SCST) with late metastasis/recurrences and long disease-free periods. We performed a clinicopathological evaluation of GCT to ascertain features having prognostic impact. Materials and Methods: All cases of GCT of ovary from January 2006 to December 2018 were assessed for architectural patterns, nuclear grooves, and Call-Exner bodies. Each feature was graded on frequency of occurrence: not present (0)–very frequent (3). Anisonucleosis, necrosis, and inflammation were noted. Cases were grouped on mitotic count; <10 mitosis/10 High power field (HPF) or >=11 mitoses/10 HPF and Ki-67 index; <10% Ki-67 and >=11% Ki-67. Results: GCT formed 60.1% of SCST. Sixty cases' ages were in the range of 15–78 years (median 45). Clinical details were available in 37. Commonest presentation was abnormal uterine bleeding. Serum CA125 was raised in 16.1% and Inhibin in 58.8%. Seventy percent were in stage I. Disease recurrence was associated with higher stage (P = 0.007). The most frequent pattern was diffuse sheets (47%). Call-Exner bodies were absent in 22.2%. Grooves with score 1, 2, and 3 were seen in 35.8%, 23.5%, and 13.6%, respectively. Anisonucleosis was present in 26.7%, necrosis in 11.1%, and lympho-plasmacytic infiltrate in 43%. Out of total, 93.3% had <10 mitosis/10 HPF and 43.2% had recurrence, most with high Ki-67 (P = 0.064). Conclusion: Our study outlines histomorphological spectrum of GCT and emphasizes its frequent occurrence in lower stages with late recurrences. The presence of grooves may indicate granulosa-cell origin. Call-Exner bodies are not a necessity. Histomorphological features are not prognostically important. However, prognostic value of Ki-67 cannot be excluded. Limitation of the study was a small number of cases with follow-up.
ABSTRACT
Objectives: This study is conducted to assess the various predisposing factors for cancer cervix and to correlate the clinicaland pathological finding using cervix histopathology.Background: Cervical cancer is the third most common cancer in women worldwide accounting for 9% of all female cancerand 9% death in female due to cervical cancer. We studied 150 cases of cervical carcinoma with different clinical presentationsand correlated them with histopathological findings in tertiary hospital in Aurangabad, Maharashtra.Materials and Methods: A total of 150 cases histopathologically diagnosed as cervical cancer over a period of 1 year wereconsidered for the study. Clinical details of the patient were noted with the help of semi-structured pro forma. The data wereanalyzed and P value calculated.Results: Of 150 patients, 88 had moderately differentiated squamous cell carcinoma, 24 poorly differentiated, and 32 welldifferentiated. Adenocarcinoma numbered only six. 98 cases were in the age group of 40–59 years, 39 in the age group of 60–80years, and 13 in 20–39 years. All six cases of adenocarcinoma were seen in 40–59 years. 96 presented with white discharge,68 with bleeding per vagina, and 58 had constitutional symptoms. Most of the patients with adenocarcinoma presented withbleeding per vagina. 98 were in Stage 3B, 40 in Stage 2B, 5 in 4A, and 7 in Stage 1B.Conclusions: Screening of cervical cancer must be done in women with white discharge per vagina.
ABSTRACT
El granuloma anular es una enfermedad granulomatosa benigna con diferentes manifestaciones clínicas que incluye la forma localizada, generalizada, perforante, subcutánea, en parche, papular y lineal. El granuloma anular papular umbilicado es considerado una variante de la forma papular y en la literatura anglosajona se han reportado muy pocos casos. Se presenta el caso de un adolescente con pápulas eucrómicas asintomáticas en el dorso de las manos desde la infancia. La biopsia sugirió liquen nitidus, posteriormente la correlación clínico-patológica permitió hacer diagnóstico de granuloma anular papular umbilicado. Se resalta la importancia de este diagnóstico diferencial y la cronicidad de las lesiones.
The granuloma annulare is a benign granulomatous disease with different clinical manifestations including, localized, generalized, perforating, subcutaneous, patch type, papular and linear types. Papular umbilicated granuloma annulare is considered to be a variant of the papular type and in the Anglo-Saxon literature very few cases have been reported. We describe the case of an adolescent with asymptomatic skin colored papules on the dorsal aspect of the hands since infancy. The biopsy suggested lichen nitidus and after the clinicopathological correlation the diagnosis of papular umbilicated granuloma annulare was made. We highlight the importance of this differential diagnosis and the chronicity of the lesions.
O granuloma anular é uma doença granulomatosa benigna com diferentes manifestações clínicas que inclui a forma localizada, generalizada, perfurante, subcutânea, em parche, papular e linear. O granuloma anular papular umbilicado é considerado uma variante da forma papular e na literatura anglo-saxã foram relatados muito poucos casos. Apresenta-se o caso de um adolescente com pápulas acrômicas assintomáticas no dorso das mãos desde a infância. A biopsia sugeriu líquen nitidus, posteriormente a correlação clínico-patológica permitiu fazer diagnóstico de granuloma anular papular umbilicado. Destaca-se a importância deste diagnóstico diferencial e a cronicidade das lesões.