ABSTRACT
Se realizó un estudio descriptivo, de corte transversal en el cual se tomó una muestra de los pacientes ingresados por consumo de alcohol en el servicio de Adicciones del Hospital Policlínico Arce del Seguro Social durante el período de enero-diciembre 2013. Como fuentes de información se utilizó el expediente clínico. El objetivo principal fue identificar las características clínicas y epidemiológicas de los pacientes así como también, determinar los factores precipitantes del ingreso y establecer las comorbilidades y clasificarlos según la tipología de Cloninger. Se utilizó un instrumento de recolección de datos donde se determinó características como: edad, la cual se agrupó por rangos de 18 a 45 años, de 46 a 60 años y mayores de 60, sexo, estado civil, escolaridad, ocupación, comorbilidades médicas y psiquiátricas, factores precipitantes de hospitalización y las características del ingreso hospitalario. El análisis de la investigación se realizó generando tablas de contingencia mediante el paquete EpiInfo Versión 7. Los pacientes hospitalizados en el Servicio de Adicciones se caracterizaron por ser en su mayoría hombres, clasificados como Cloninger I. El rango de edad donde se evidenció mayor número de ingresos fue el de los adultos entre 18 a 45 años. Los alcohol-dependientes de tipo I presentaron mayor comorbilidad psiquiátrica en eje I, consumieron mayor cantidad de alcohol y presentaron porcentajes elevados de complicaciones médicas asociadas; por su parte los sujetos de tipo II se caracterizaron por mayores alteraciones en pruebas de laboratorio tomadas al ingreso
Subject(s)
Alcoholism , Psychiatry , Mental HealthABSTRACT
O tratamento para hipertensão arterial crônica deve ser permanente e rigoroso para prevenir complicações, necessitando de alterações nos costumes e rotinas do indivíduo portador que pode ter seus aspectos emocionais também afetados. O objetivo deste trabalho foi compreender a relação entre os traços de personalidade e as características sócio-demográficas e clínicas de pessoas portadoras de hipertensão e doenças associadas. Participaram 33 indivíduos portadores de hipertensão arterial crônica e foram aplicados dois instrumentos para coleta de dados: Questionário de Caracterização e Inventário de Temperamento e Caráter de Cloninger. Através de análises estatísticas, os resultados indicaram que os indivíduos portadores de diabetes mellitus associada à hipertensão arterial são menos impulsivos e pessimistas e mais sociáveis, cooperativos e tolerantes quando comparados com indivíduos que possuem apenas diagnóstico de hipertensão.
Treatment for chronic hypertension should be permanent and strict to prevent complications, requiring changes in the habits and routines of the individual and which may have their emotional aspects also affected. The objective of this study was to understand the relationship between personality traits and socio-demographic and clinical characteristics of people with hypertension and related diseases. 33 individuals with chronic hypertension were included and two instruments for data collection were used: Characterization Questionnaire and Cloningers Temperament and Character Inventory. Through statistical analysis, the results indicated that patients with diabetes mellitus associated with hypertension are less impulsive and pessimistic and more sociable, cooperative and tolerant compared to indi-viduals with only hypertension diagnosis.
Subject(s)
Humans , Diabetes Mellitus , Hypertension , Personality , Character , Personality InventoryABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: The second to fourth digit ratio (2D : 4D) is known to reflect testosterone level during intrauterine period. Testosterone is essential for masculinization of brain. Cloninger's type II alcoholism is characterized by early age at onset and largely limited to males. Compared with type I alcoholism, type II alcoholism is thought to be masculine. There is a possibility that the digit ratio of type II alcoholism is low compared with type I. We examined digit length ratio in Cloninger's type I and II alcoholism to understand the effects of intrauterine testosterone on the development of alcoholism. METHODS: The participants were 87 alcohol dependent patients. We divided two subtypes of patients by Irwin's symptom list, based on Cloninger's concept. We captured the images of both palms by the scanner and measured the lengths of digits by the graphic program. Then we analyzed the digit ratios by independent-sample t-test. RESULTS: The mean 2D : 4D of type I was 0.942 (right), 0.952 (left). The mean 2D : 4D of type II was 0.927 (right), 0.940 (left). In both hands, 2D : 4D of type II was significantly lower than type I. CONCLUSIONS: Type II alcoholism showed masculine type of digit length ratio compared with type I. It suggests the exposure of testosterone during intrauterine period might play an important role in determining the course and feature of alcoholism.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Alcoholism , Brain , Hand , TestosteroneABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: Since mid-90s there have been numerous studies to understand and establish the concept of internet addiction as one of diagnostic classifications in psychiatry. Among them, many studies on the personality characteristics of internet addiction have been conducted. Recently, interests are expanding to temperament characteristics of internet addictors but the subjects have been limited to adolescents. In this study, the temperament characteristics of internet addiction in adults were investigated using Tridimensional Personality Questionnaire (TPQ). METHODS: 430 participants (189 males, 241 females) answered the on-line and off-line questionnaires from January to December in 2005. Participants completed questionnaires on demography and the onset of internet use, Young's Internet Addiction Scale and Korean Contracted Version of Cloninger's Tridimensional Personality Questionnaire (TPQ). RESULTS: There were statistically significant differences in age, marital status, occupation, psychiatric history, smoking history, alcohol history and onset age of internet use among non-addiction, overuse and addiction groups by Young's scale. Of the TPQ items harm avoidance (HA) scores were significantly higher in addiction and overuse groups than non-addiction group. Reward dependence (RD) scores were significantly lower in addiction group than non-addiction group. Novelty seeking (NS) scores were significantly higher in addiction group than non-addiction group. CONCLUSION: This study suggests a significant difference of novelty seeking in temperament characteristics between adults and adolescents with internet addiction. Further studies are expected for profound understanding of internet addiction.