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Introduction: Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common malignant neoplasm of the central nervous system most frequently located in the supratentorial site and carries a grim prognosis. Case report: A 52 years old male patient presented with headache and vomiting since 3 months. In MRI T2W images showed peripheral hypointense rim with central heterogeneously hyper intense signals suggestive of high grade glioma. Patient was underwent neurosurgery and resected tumor was sent to histopathology department. Discussion: Grossly glioblastomas are relatively circumscribed and often appear to be more clearly demarcated from neighboring tissues. In our case microscopic examination showed presence of dense cellularity, striking pleomorphism, and zones of coagulative necrosis lined by ‘palisading’ tumor cells characterize the prototypical glioblastoma. Conclusion: As GBM carries poor prognosis and the treatment of malignant gliomas is still a challenge for us, further research on this disease is needed so that better treatments may be developed to improve the quality of life and prognosis of these patients.
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OBJECTIVE: Evaluation of myocardial histological changes in an experimental animal model of neonatal hypoxiareoxygenation. METHODS: Normocapnic hypoxia was induced in 40 male Landrace/Large White piglets. Reoxygenation was initiated when the animals developed bradycardia (HR <60 beats/min) or severe hypotension (MAP <15 mmHg). The animals were divided into four groups based on the oxygen (O2) concentration used for reoxygenation; groups 1, 2, 3, and 4 received 18%, 21%, 40%, and 100% O2, respectively. The animals were further classified into five groups based on the time required for reoxygenation: A: fast recovery (<15 min); B: medium recovery (15-45 min); C: slow recovery (45-90 min); D: very slow recovery (>90 min), and E: nine deceased piglets. RESULTS: Histology revealed changes in all heart specimens. Interstitial edema, a wavy arrangement, hypereosinophilia and coagulative necrosis of cardiomyocytes were observed frequently. No differences in the incidence of changes were observed among groups 1-4, whereas marked differences regarding the frequency and the degree of changes were found among groups A-E. Coagulative necrosis was correlated with increased recovery time: this condition was detected post-asphyxia in 14%, 57%, and 100% of piglets with fast, medium, and slow or very slow recovery rates, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The significant myocardial histological changes observed suggest that this experimental model might be a reliable model for investigating human neonatal cardiac hypoxia-related injury. No correlation was observed between the severity of histological changes and the fiO2 used during reoxygenation. Severe myocardial changes correlated strictly with recovery time, suggesting an unreported individual susceptibility of myocardiocytes to hypoxia, possibly leading to death after the typical time-sequence of events.
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Animals , Male , Hypoxia/pathology , Heart Injuries/pathology , Myocytes, Cardiac/pathology , Oxygen Consumption , Acute Disease , Animals, Newborn , Hypoxia/chemically induced , Hypoxia/therapy , Disease Models, Animal , Hypereosinophilic Syndrome/pathology , Myocytes, Cardiac/drug effects , Necrosis/pathology , Oxygen Inhalation Therapy/methods , Resuscitation/methods , SwineABSTRACT
ObjectiveTo investigate the safety, efficacy and therapeutic mechanism of focused ultrasound surgery (FUS) on focal epilepsy of brain functional area in cat. MethodsThe focal epileptic models in the cats' motor cortex by penicillin were established. The different techniques were apphed in the animals epilepsy model. FUS, cortex thermocoagulation and multiple subpial transaction (MST) were compared in seizure control and functional preservation by observing behavior and electroencephalogram ( EEG), and the therapentic mechanism was compared by analysis of histopathology in the damaged cortex. ResultsIn seizure control and EEG changes, three kinds of techniques were similar without prominent difference in statistics (P ＞ 0.05). The same pathologic changes were showed in FUS group and cortex thermocoagulation group, ischemic change and coagulative necrosis of superficial layer nerval cells.The major pathologic change in MST group was an irregular crevice which was vertical with the surface of the cortex. The edema and mild gliosis were found around the crevice. ConclusionsThe focused ultrasound can effectively destroy and cut off the association of cortical horizontal fibre, meanwhile, the cortical function still to be reserved.Therefore, FUS is safe and effective as well as MST and cortex thermocoagulation on focal epilepsy in brain functional area.
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High intensity focused ultrasound(HIFU) technique for hyperthermia has been used widely due to its minimal invasion, high precision, less side-effects and low complication. It has been used in the treatment for prostate cancer, liver cancer, primary malignant osteosarcoma and breast cancer, et al. This paper mainly introduces the clinical application and development of HIFU.
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Radiofrequency ablation(RFA)is a new, safe, effective and minimally invasive treatment for solid tissue tumors extensively special for treating primary and metastatic hepatic cancer, particularly the small ones. Recent advances in the device technology and combination with other methods promotes RFA a realistic treatment option for larger tumors and furthermore RFA recently has been recommended for the treatment of neoplasms of bone, kidney, adrenal gland, lung, breast and thyroid gland, etc. This article comprehends the mechanism of RFA and current status of clinical application with evaluation of the clinical efficacy.
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PURPOSE: This project aimed to determine the adequacy and accuracy of high-intensity focused ultrasound(HIFU) for ablating canine model of benign prostate hyperplasia and to assess the therapeutic results. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Using the developed transrectal type HIFU transducer, exposure time-temperature curves were obtained. In-vitro experiments were performed on calf muscle tissues and characteristics of coagulative lesions were observed. In-vivo experiments were performed on canine prostate, which were evaluated grossly, histologically, and ultrasonographically. Complications and side effects were assessed by blood chemistry and urinalysis. RESULTS: The peak temperature reached to 93.0+/-3.0degrees C within initial 11 seconds at the focused area. The mean thermal elevation was 56.0+/-3.0degrees C. In in-vitro HIFU experiments, the coagulative lesions were observed at the focused areas of muscle tissues. The lesions were ellipsoidal shaped, 5.0+/-2.0mm diameter, well delinated. In animal experiments, the affected canine prostates were shown definite lesions of coagulative necrosis which were confirmed grossly and histologically. Significant side effects or complications were not assessed. CONCLUSIONS: Transrectal HIFU treatment may be considered as safe, effective technique on prostate. It is neccessary to perform long-term animal experiments and clinical trials.
Subject(s)
Animal Experimentation , Chemistry , Hyperplasia , Korea , Necrosis , Prostate , Transducers , Ultrasonography , UrinalysisABSTRACT
Patients with vitiligo seem be less prone to the development of lentigines as a side effect of long-term photochemotherapy than do psoriatics. An 8-year-old boy who had a vitiliginous patch on his left thigh, had been receiving photochemotherapy since he was 2 years old. At the age of 3, multiple star-shaped brownish macules developed at the site of treatment. Photochemotherapy was continued until the patient was 6 year old, at which time no improvement in the vitiligo was seen, so photochemotherapy was discontinued. Now 2 years after treatment the lentigines still persist. On electron microscopic examination, the melanocytes showed two patterns of cell death: coagulative necrosis and apotosis together with atypical cytoplasmic and melanosomal alterations.