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RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar a atividade antibacteriana contra Staphylococcus aureus e Pseudomonas aeruginosa de dois revestimentos endotraqueais com nanopartículas e fotocatálise sob luz visível. Métodos: Testaram-se dois tipos de nanopartículas de titânio: anatase padrão (TiO2) e TiO2 nano-dopada (N-TiO2). As nanopartículas foram colocadas em superfície interna de segmentos de tubos endotraqueais comerciais, aplicadas sobre um filtro de acetato de celulose; os tubos endotraqueais controle foram deixados sem revestimento de nanopartículas. Em cada tubo endotraqueal foi inoculado um total de 150 unidades formadoras de colônia e, a seguir, estes foram expostos a uma fonte de luz fluorescente (3700 lux, comprimento de onda de 300 - 700nm) por 5, 10, 20, 40, 60 e 80 minutos. Contaram-se as Unidades Formadoras de Colônia após 24 horas de incubação a 37ºC. A inativação bacteriana foi calculada como a redução porcentual do crescimento bacteriano em comparação a tubos não expostos à luz. Resultados: Na ausência de luz, não se observou qualquer atividade antibacteriana relevante contra qualquer das cepas estudadas. Para P. aeruginosa, ambos os revestimentos tiveram inativação bacteriana mais elevada do que o controle em qualquer dos momentos de avaliação (p < 0,001), sendo que não se observaram diferenças entre o revestimento padrão e nano-dopado. Para S. aureus, a inativação foi maior que os controles, começando a partir de 5 minutos para nano-dopado (p = 0,018) e 10 minutos para o revestimento padrão (p = 0,014); a inativação com a forma nano-dopada foi maior do que com a forma padrão aos 20 minutos (p < 0,001), 40 minutos (p < 0,001) e 60 minutos (p < 0,001). Conclusões: O revestimento com nanopartículas de titânio comercial padrão e nano-dopado inibiu o crescimento bacteriano sob a luz fluorescente visível. o revestimento nano-dopado teve maior atividade antibacteriana contra S. aureus em comparação à atividade observada com o revestimento com anatase padrão.
ABSTRACT Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa of two nanoparticle endotracheal tube coatings with visible light-induced photocatalysis. Methods: Two types of titanium dioxide nanoparticles were tested: standard anatase (TiO2) and N-doped TiO2 (N-TiO2). Nanoparticles were placed on the internal surface of a segment of commercial endotracheal tubes, which were loaded on a cellulose acetate filter; control endotracheal tubes were left without a nanoparticle coating. A bacterial inoculum of 150 colony forming units was placed in the endotracheal tubes and then exposed to a fluorescent light source (3700 lux, 300-700 nm wavelength) for 5, 10, 20, 40, 60 and 80 minutes. Colony forming units were counted after 24 hours of incubation at 37°C. Bacterial inactivation was calculated as the percentage reduction of bacterial growth compared to endotracheal tubes not exposed to light. Results: In the absence of light, no relevant antibacterial activity was shown against neither strain. For P. aeruginosa, both coatings had a higher bacterial inactivation than controls at any time point (p < 0.001), and no difference was observed between TiO2 and N-TiO2. For S. aureus, inactivation was higher than for controls starting at 5 minutes for N-TiO2 (p = 0.018) and 10 minutes for TiO2 (p = 0.014); inactivation with N-TiO2 was higher than that with TiO2 at 20 minutes (p < 0.001), 40 minutes (p < 0.001) and 60 minutes (p < 0.001). Conclusions: Nanosized commercial and N-doped TiO2 inhibit bacterial growth under visible fluorescent light. N-TiO2 has higher antibacterial activity against S. aureus compared to TiO2.
Subject(s)
Humans , Pseudomonas aeruginosa/drug effects , Staphylococcus aureus/drug effects , Titanium/pharmacology , Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology , Time Factors , Titanium/chemistry , In Vitro Techniques , Colony Count, Microbial , Microbial Sensitivity Tests , Metal Nanoparticles , Intubation, Intratracheal/instrumentation , Light , Nitrogen/chemistryABSTRACT
Introdução: Até o momento, nenhum estudo avaliou o stent recoberto por titânio-óxido nítrico em pacientes com doença arterial coronariana multiarterial. Comparamos o desempenho do stent Titan-2® ao stents farmacológicos de segunda geração nesse cenário. Métodos: No período de 2011 a 2012, 284 pacientes foram tratados com o stent Titan-2®, dos quais 100 (35,2%) eram portadores de doença arterial coronariana multiarterial. Esse grupo foi comparado a 100 pacientes, de um grupo de 304 (38,9%), com doença arterial coronariana multiarterial, tratados com o stent farmacológico de segunda geração com polímeros duráveis ou biodegradáveis. O desfecho primário foi a ocorrência de eventos cardíacos adversos maiores em 1 ano. Resultados: Características clínicas, angiográficas e do procedimento não apresentaram diferenças entre os grupos. A maioria dos pacientes do grupo Titan-2® era do sexo masculino (70%), com idade de 68,4 ± 12,9 anos e 25% eram diabéticos. Predominaram os quadros clínicos estáveis (68%), 51% tinham acometimento triarterial e a função ventricular estava preservada. A incidência de eventos cardiovasculares adversos maiores em 1 ano no grupo Titan-2® foi de 21% (vs. 17%; p = 0,59), óbito ocorreu em 3% (vs. 2%; p > 0,99) dos pacientes, infarto do miocárdio em 5% (vs. 4%; p > 0,99) e nova revascularização miocárdica em 13% (vs. 11%; p = 0,83). Não foram constatadas tromboses de stent definitivas em nenhum grupo. Conclusões: O uso do Titan-2® apresentou resultados similares aos do stent farmacológico de segunda geração, o que o torna atrativo para ser utilizado no complexo cenário de pacientes portadores de doença arterial coronariana multiarterial...
Background: To date, there are no studies evaluating the use of the titanium-nitride-oxide coated stent in patients with multivessel coronary artery disease. We have compared the performance of the Titan-2® stent to that of the second generation drug-eluting stents in this scenario. Methods: From 2011 to 2012, 284 patients were treated with the Titan-2® stent, of which 100 (35.2%) had multivessel coronary artery disease. This group was compared to 100 patients, of a group of 304 (38.9%) patients with multivessel coronary artery disease treated with second generation drug-eluting stents with durable or biodegradable polymers. The primary endpoint was the occurrence of major adverse cardiovascular events at 1 year. Results: Clinical, angiographic and procedure-related characteristics of the patients did not show differences between groups. Most patients in the Titan-2® group were male (70%), mean age was 68.4 ± 12.9 years and 25% were diabetic. Stable symptomatic patients were prevalent (68%), 51% had three-vessel disease and ventricular function was preserved (55.6 ± 12.7%). The incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events at 1 year in the Titan-2® group was 21% (vs. 17%; p = 0.59), death was observed in 3% (vs. 2%; p > 0.99) of the patients, acute myocardial infarction in 5% (vs. 4%; p > 0.99) and a new revascularization procedure in 13% (vs. 11%; p = 0.83). Definitive stent thrombosis was not observed in either group. Conclusions: The Titan-2® stent showed similar results to those of the second-generation drug-eluting stents, which makes it attractive for use in the complex scenario of patients with multivessel coronary artery disease...
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Aged , Coated Materials, Biocompatible , Coronary Artery Disease/physiopathology , Stents , Titanium , Drug-Eluting Stents , Percutaneous Coronary Intervention/methods , Risk Factors , Selection Bias , Data Interpretation, Statistical , Ventricular FunctionABSTRACT
Since the 1960s,endovascular coil embolization has gradually become another treatment for intracranial aneurysms in addition to craniotomy clipping surgery,and in recent years,it has become the preferred method for many neurologists.However,the complexity of intracranial vascular anatomy and the diversity of intracranial aneurysm make the coil embolization alone unable to meet the needs of all intracranial aneurysms.And then some novel materials and techniques emerged,such as coated coils,balloon-assisted embolization,stent-assisted embolization,and covered stents.The principle of covered stents for the treatment of intracranial aneurysms is to place a kind of stents with bio-physical barriers into the parent arteries,while maintaining the patency of the parent artery,thus isolating aneurysms,leading to thrombogenesis inside and finally curing the lesions while maintaining the patency of parent arteries.It has huge advantage in the treatment of wide-necked,huge,dissecting and pseudo aneurysms without important adjacent branch vessels.This article reviews the application situation and the prospects of development of covered stents in the treatment of intracranial aneurysms.
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Since Guglielmi detachable coils used in the clinical practice, endovascular embolization of cerebral aneurysms is increasingly being accepted by doctors and patients.However, the relatively higher recurrence rate is still a matter of concern in the interventional treatment, The development and application of new coils have made some progress. This paper reviews the new coated coils and their advances in clinical application.
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0.05) . In the later stage (8～12 weeks), the tissue reaction nearly subsided in PLGA stented ureters after degradation of the device. Whereas, the tissue reaction induced by UROVISION stent had lasted throughout the observation period, even deteriorated with time going(P