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Background: Gastric mucosal ulceration is the most common adverse effect with NSAIDS. Antacids, H2 blockers and PPIs are considered novel in treating ulcers but are not devoid of side effects. Hence, there a need for a drug which is effective against NSAID induced ulcers with no side effects. Coccinia grandis plant is traditionally used for the treatment of gastric/peptic ulcers. Hence, this study has been undertaken to scientifically validate the antiulcer activity of Coccinia grandis leaves against indomethacin induced gastric ulcer model.Methods: Following preparation of the extract, 24 Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups with 6 rats in each group (n=6). Group 1 received 1% CMC, group 2 received 1% CMC +indomethacin 40 mg/kg, group 3 received ethanolic leaf extract of Coccinia grandis 200 mg/kg +indomethacin 40 mg/kg and group 4 received omeprazole (2 mg/kg) +indomethzacin 40 mg/kg for 7 days. Calculation of ulcer score was done using ulcer index and percentage protection.Results: The ulcer index score (2.12�21) and percentage protection (69.71%) was comparable with the standard drug (1.76�11, 74.85%) respectively.Conclusions: The ethanolic leaf extract of Coccinia grandis showed significant antiulcer activity against indomethacin-induced gastric ulcer. Further studies are warranted to elucidate the exact mechanism of antiulcer activity.
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Aims: To investigate the effect of ethanol extract of Coccinia grandis Lin (Cucurbitaceae) leaf in glucose and cholesterol lowering activity in animal model. Study Design: Extraction, glucose and cholesterol lowering activity evaluation. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Pharmacy, North South University, Dhaka between June 2012 and December 2012. Methodology: Glucose and cholesterol lowering effect of the ethanol extract of C. grandis leaf was evaluated using the alloxan-induced diabetic rat and compared the activity with diabetic control and antidiabetic drug (Glibenclamide). Ethanol extract (25mg/kg) of C. grandis and Glibenclamide were administered to normal and experimental diabetic rats for the duration of 10 days. Results: Phytochemical screening showed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, cardenolides and polyprenols in significant amounts. In the alloxan-induced diabetic rat model, C. grandis (25 mg/kg) significantly (p<0.05) lowered fasting blood glucose levels. C. grandis extract (25 mg/kg) also produced significant (p<0.05) total cholesterol lowering and HDL increasing (p<0.05) effects. Surprisingly, body weight was increased significantly (p<0.05) in the C. grandis treated diabetic group. Conclusion: These results suggest that the ethanol extract of C. grandis leaf possesses significant glucose and cholesterol lowering activity in animal model, thus supporting the usage of the plant in traditional medicine as an anti-diabetic medication.
ABSTRACT
Many traditional medicines in use are obtained from medicinal plants, minerals and organic matter. During the past several years, there has been increasing interest among the uses of various medicinal plants from the traditional system of medicine for the treatment of different ailments. Coccinia grandis has been used in traditional medicine as a household remedy for various diseases. The whole plant of Coccinia grandis having pharmacological activities like analgesic, antipyretic, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antiulcer, antidiabetic, antioxidant, hypoglycemic, hepatoprotective, antimalarial, antidyslipidemic, anticancer, antitussive, mutagenic. The present review gives botany, chemical constituents and pharmacological activities of coccinia grandis.
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To assess the antibacterial activities of Coccinia grandis leaf extract on selective bacterial strains under in-vitro conditions. The antibacterial activity was tested against five bacterial strains by agar well diffusion method. The crude extract showed a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity by inhibiting both the gram positive and gram negative groups. The antibacterial activity of C.grandis leaf extract using solvents such as acetone, ethanol, methanol, aqueous and hexane was evaluated against five bacterial sp. Ethanol leaf extract of C.grandis showed high antibacterial activity against S.aureus, B.cereus, E.coli, K.pneumoniae and S.pyogens. Minimal inhibitory concentration of the leaf extract against each test organism was also studied by observing their growth on Mueller Hinton Agar containing the extract at various incremental levels, equivalent to 31.25μg/ml to 1000μg/ml of the extract. The highest activity was observed in ethanol extracts against S.aureus, E.coli, and K.pneumoniae with an inhibitory concentration below 31.5μg/ml. The significance of the study was conducted to investigate the invitro antibacterial activity of folklore medicinal plant and to evaluate scientific base of their applications.
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The Aqueous extracts of Coccinia grandis L. Voigt leaves and stem were investigated in chemically-induced inflammation rodents model. The extracts inhibited formaldehyde-induced paw edema in rats. These inhibitions were statistically significant (p<0.05, 0.01, 0.001) as compared to control. Aqueous extract of leaves showed highest activity.
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Antimicrobial activity of protease inhibitor isolated from Coccinia grandis (L.) Voigt. has been reported. A 14.3 kDa protease inhibitor (PI) was isolated and purified to homogeneity by ammonium sulfate precipitation (20-85% saturation), sephadex G-75, DEAE sepharose column and trypsin-sepharose affinity chromatography from the leaves of C. grandis. The purity was checked by reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography. PI exhibited marked growth inhibitory effects on colon cell lines in a dose-dependent manner. PI was thermostable and showed antimicrobial activity without hemolytic activity. PI strongly inhibited pathogenic microbial strains, including Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus vulgaris, Eschershia coli, Bacillus subtilis and pathogenic fungus Candida albicans, Mucor indicus, Penicillium notatum, Aspergillus flavus and Cryptococcus neoformans. Examination by bright field microscopy showed inhibition of mycelial growth and sporulation. Morphologically, PI treated fungus showed a significant shrinkage of hyphal tips. Reduced PI completely lost its activity indicating that disulfide bridge is essential for its protease inhibitory and antifungal activity. Results reported in this study suggested that PI may be an excellent candidate for development of novel oral or other anti-infective agents.