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Objective To observe HRCT features of cochlear aqueduct (CA) in normal infants,and to explore the differences of CA diameters between sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) infants and normal infants.Methods Totally temporal bone HRCT data of 129 infants without abnormal hearing (258 ears) were taken as control group,while temporal bone CT data of 58 infants (116 ears) diagnosed as sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) with normal inner ear structure were collected as SNHL group.Infants in both 2 groups were divided into 1-year,2-year and 3-year subgroups.The width of external aperture and length of CA were measured,and the results were statistically analyzed.Results In normal group,CA diameters and the width of external aperture had no statistical differences between sides and genders (both P＞0.05).There was no statistical difference of CA diameters between the same subgroup in 2 groups (t=0.160,0.979,0.432,all P＞0.05),but the width of CA external aperture in subgroups of SNHL group was smaller than those of normal group (t=3.722,3.101,3.336,all P＜0.01).Conclusion The length of CA and width of external aperture increase with age,and there may be relationship between smaller width of CA external aperture and SNHL.
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Objective@#To discuss the possible reasons for cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) gusher in cochlear implantation (CI) with inner ear abnormality.@*Method@#A retrospective analysis was performed on 340 cases who underwent CI from January 2013 to December 2016 in Division of Otology, Otorhinolaryngology Hospital, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University. Among them, 96 cases had inner ear abnormalities. Imaging examinations were performed on these patients, and classification of inner ear malformation was done according to the results.@*Results@#Among the cases with inner ear abnormality, 9.4% (9/96) suffered from CSF gusher during CI. The inner ear abnormalities were found to be as follows: 3 cases had incomplete partition type Ⅰ; 1 case had incomplete partition type Ⅰ with semicircular canal dysplasia; 1 case had common cavity deformity; 1 case had enlarged vestibular aqueducts and common cavity deformity; 2 cases had Mondini deformity. All of these cases had bony defect in the fundus of the internal acoustic meatus observed on CT scans. Another case was type 1 cochlear aqueduct with round window aplasia.@*Conclusions@#Defects in the modiolus or fundus of the internal acoustic meatus is the main reason for CSF gusher during CI. A patent cochlear aqueduct is another possible reason.
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Objective To evaluate the correlation between the degree of cochlea endolymphatic hydrops(EH) and hearing loss and symptoms in patients with unilateral Meniere's disease. Methods Fifty seven patients with unilateral Meniere's patients were retrospectively quantitatively analyzed, which evaluated the correlation between the cochlea EH and hearing loss and symptoms. The affected ears in the experimental group(57 ears) and the asymptomatic ears in the control group(57 ears), were confirmed by bilateral intratympanic Gd-DTPA injection and 3D real IR MRI scan after 24 h. The maximum length of endolymph space and labyrinth chamber along the modiolus cochleae and their ratio which represented the endolymph space proportion of each turn(R1, the basal turn;R2, the middle turn;R3, the apical turn) were calculated. And the paired t test was used to compare the differences in EH degree between the experimental and control group;Pearson correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between the cochlea EH degree and hearing loss and duration of symptoms. Results R1, R1 and R3 of ipsilateral cochlea were higher than normal cochlea(ipsilateral R1:0.354±0.097 vs. normal R1:0.185±0.031, P0.05). In addition, there was a correlation between the degree of EH in the apical turn and low, medium, high-frequency hearing loss(r=0.271, 0.269, 0.329, respectively; all P<0.05). Conclusions The degree of cochlea EH in the basal and second turn showed great relevance with the high-frequency hearing loss, and the apical turn EH degree was relevant with the low, medium, high-frequency hearing loss, but there was no correlation between the EH degree of each turn, ages and symptoms.
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The sensorineural hearing loss following extraventricular drainage (EVD) is perhaps an underestimated complication rather than an uncommon event. Changes in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pressure may lead to endolymphatic hydrops through the patent cochlear aqueduct resulting in sensorineural hearing loss. We describe the case of a 9-year-old child suffering from meduloblastoma. Bilateral hearing loss, especially at low frequency was found after emergent extraventricular drainage. At 2 months of treatment, hearing loss improved a little, but not restored to a serviceable hearing. Our experience and a review of articles indicate that early detection and awareness of hearing loss after EVD are important for treatment strategy.
Subject(s)
Child , Humans , Cerebrospinal Fluid Pressure , Cochlear Aqueduct , Drainage , Endolymphatic Hydrops , Hearing , Hearing Loss , Hearing Loss, Bilateral , Hearing Loss, Sensorineural , Stress, PsychologicalABSTRACT
Spontaneous intracranial hypotension (SIH) is a rare cause of labyrinthine hydrops. The otologic symptoms of SIH include ear fullness, tinnitus, and hearing loss which can result from labyrinthine hydrops. We report a case of labyrinthine hydrops caused by SIH, confirmed by an audiometric impairment that occurred only when in an upright posture.
Subject(s)
Cochlear Aqueduct , Ear , Edema , Hearing Loss , Intracranial Hypotension , Posture , TinnitusABSTRACT
Objective To obtain more detailed microsurgical anatomical data and multi-slice helical CT scanning of cochlear aqueduct for the translabyrithine approach. Methods Twenty cadaver heads(40 sides)fixed with formalin were dissected under a microscope ,and cochlear aqueducts were found and measured. Five cadaver heads(10 sides) were scanned by multi-slice helical CT. Results The width of external aperture of cochlear aqueduct was (2.64?0.82)mm. The length of cochlear aqueduct was (8.40?1.35)mm. The distance between cochlear aqueduct and cranial nerves Ⅸ, Ⅹ, Ⅺ, and that between the inferior petrosal sinus was(1.08?0.36 )mm,(2.71?0.63)mm,(4.52?1.25)mm, (1.14?0.46)mm, respectively. The distance between external aperture of cochlear aqueduct and the inferior margin of internal acoustic meatus aperture was (5.53?0.93)mm. The otic capsule segment of cochlear aqueduct could not be demonstrated on the coronal section. The petrosal portion could be demonstrated by both coronal and axial scannings. Conclusion The axial scanning was useful for detecting cochlear aqueduct. Cochlear aqueduct could be regarded as one of the landmarks in translabyrithine approach for cerebellopontile angle operation.
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The development of the cochlear aqueduct and its aging change were investiga-ted in 234 temporal bones,ranging from 12-week-old embryo to adult by the lightmicroscope.The width of inner and outer opening,width and length of thecochlear aqueduct were parallel with the advance of fetal age.The length of thecochlear aqueduct at one year old was about the length of adult cochlear aqueduct.The diameter of the cochlear aqueduct at the child was wider than that of theadult.On the basis of morphology of the cochlear aqueduct and its characteristicof age,the developmental rule of the cochlear aqueduct,its function and clinicalsignificance were discussed.