Twin pregnancy with one normal fetus and one complete mole.

Twin pregnancy with a complete mole and a coexisting healthy fetus is a rare condition. There is increased risk of developing severe complications and development of persistent trophoblastic disease. A 28 years old 2nd gravida, with 1 st vaginal delivery reported to the hospital at 20 weeks gestation as a case of dichorionic twin pregnancy. On routine USG, it showed a complete mole with a coexisting live fetus. The patient had features of anemia and severe preeclampsia. After explaining the risk to the patient and bystanders, they requested to terminate the pregnancy. She was induced for the same and delivered a normally appearing fetus. This was accompanied by evacuation of the mole. Diagnosis of complete mole was confirmed by histopathology. Twin pregnancy with acomplete mole and a coexisting healthy fetus is a rare condition. The decesion regarding management of this condition is difficult due to the various complications associated especially development of choriocarcinoma.

A Case of the Complete Hydatidiform Mole with Two Coexisting Fetuses / 대한주산의학회잡지

Hydatidiform mole with a coexisting fetus is rare, but this condition has recently shown an increased incidence because of assisted reproduction technology. In most of the reported cases, termination at diagnosis was preferred due to poor fetal survival and maternal risk factors such as vaginal bleeding, preeclampsia, hyperthyroidism, potential of malignant change. However, considering the value of pregnancy by assisted reproduction technology, whether to continue or to terminate this condition is a dilemma. Based on currently available information, it seems that it is reasonable to allow the pregnancy to continue in the absence of maternal complications. We report on a case of the complete hydatidiform mole with two coexisting fetuses with a brief reviews of the literature.

A Case of Partial Hydatidiform Mole with a Coexistent Live Fetus / 대한산부인과학회지

Hydatidiform moles are generally separated into two classifications. Complete hydatidiform moles are characterized by cystic swelling of all villi, often pronounced trophoblastic hyperplasia, lack of fetal parts, all 46 chromosomes of paternal origin, and a major risk for persistent trophoblastic tumor. Partial hydatidiform moles appear to be a milder version of complete moles with both normal and cystic villi, focal trophoblastic hyperplsia, a fetus or indication of previous fetal existence, 69 chromosomes with a maternal contribution, and a malignant potential less than described for complete moles. Hydatidiform mole with coexistent fetus is a very rare phenomenon, with an estimated incidence of 0.005 to 0.01 percent of all pregnancies. Due to advances in cytogenetics and ultrasonography, now permit the diagnosis of this pregnancy antenatally. However this unusual pregnancy has the risks of malignant change and severe medical complications, so it is a dilemma to decide continuation or termination of pregnancy. We experienced a case of partial hydatidiform mole with coexistent live fetus, which was diagnosed by ultrasonography at 12 gestational weeks, and confirmed normal karyotype (diploid) of the coexistent fetus. A brief reviews of related literature was done.

A Case of Partial Hydatidiform Mole with Coexisting Twin Pregnancy Following In Vitro Fertilization and Embryo Transfer / 대한산부인과학회잡지

Hydatidiform mole, characterized by abnormal fetoplacental development and placental villous trophoblast hyperplasia, results from genetically abnormal conception. Twin pregnancy consisting of hydatidiform mole (H-mole) and a coexisting fetus occurs with an estimated incidence of 1 per 10,000-100,000 pregnancies. There are several data which H-mole and a coexisting fetus can carry out viable fetus recently. However this unusual pregnancy has the risks of malignant change and severe medical complications, so it is a dilemma to decide continuation or termination of pregnancy. We present a twin pregnancy with partial H-mole and a coexisting fetus that occurred following IVF-ET, which was terminated at 16 weeks of gestation.

A Case of Partial Hydatidiform Mole with a Coexistent Live Fetus / 대한산부인과학회잡지

Hydatidiform moles are generally separated into two classifications. Complete hydatidiform moles are characterized by cystic swelling of all villi, often pronounced diffuse trophoblastic hyperplasia, lack of fetal parts, all 46 chromosomes of paternal origin (androgenesis). Partial hydatidiform moles appear to be focal trophoblastic hyperplasia, a fetus or indications of previous fetal existence, 69 chromosomes. Hydatidiform mole with coexistent fetus is a very rare phenomenon, with an estimated incidence of 0.005 to 0.01 percent of all pregnancies and associated with a risk of persistent gestational trophoblastic tumor. Recently, hydatidiform moles with a fetus have become more common due to use of assisted reproductive technology. Most patients with hydatidiform mole and coexisting normal fetus must cautioned about the potential for risks of malignant change and severe medical complications, such as preeclampsia, hyperthyroidism and antepartum hemorrhage, that may necessitate prompt pregnancy termination. We experienced a case of partial hydatidiform mole with coexistent live fetus, which was diagnosed by ultrasonography at 15 gestational weeks. A brief reviews of related literature was done.

Hydatidiform Mole with a Coexisting Fetus: Report of three cases with nuclear DNA ploidy analysis by flow cytometry or chromosomal analysis

Three cases of hydatidiform mole with a coexisting fetus are described. In two cases, flow cytometric analysis of nuclear DNA content from paraffin-embedded, molar tissues and normal-appearing placental tissues showed diploid pattern. One case had karyotypes of 46, XX both in fetal skin fibroblasts and in molar tissues. Microscopically, the villi showed diffuse hydropic swelling with circumferential trophoblastic proliferations and consistent with the diagnosis of complete mole. Two patient had persistent gestational trophoblastic neoplasia on the follow-up. Therefore, in cases of hydatidiform mole with a coexisting fetus, dizygotic twin pregnancies composed of a normal pregnancy from one ovum and a complete mole pregnancy from the other ovum must be considered and the patients should be followed with serum beta-hCG measurements.