ABSTRACT
Introducción: El cáncer colorrectal en nuestro país ocupa la tercera causa de muerte por tumores malignos y constituye un problema de salud a nivel mundial, que en la actualidad es prevenible al realizar pruebas para la detección de lesiones premalignas. Objetivo: Evaluar el valor presuntivo de lesiones premalignas colónicas en pacientes con sangre oculta en las heces. Métodos: Se realizó estudio observacional, descriptivo, transversal, en pacientes con sangre oculta en las heces, atendidos en el Servicio de Gastroenterología del Hospital Docente Clínico Quirúrgico Diez de Octubre, a los cuales se les realizó colonoscopia, en el período comprendido de enero de 2016 a enero de 2017. Para evaluar las variables se utilizó el porcentaje como medida matemática y los resultados fueron expuestos en tablas. Resultados: Al finalizar el estudio se observó un predomino del sexo femenino. La pesquisa, el cambio del hábito intestinal y las diarreas crónicas fueron las indicaciones más frecuentes de sangre oculta en heces. Los pólipos y las lesiones de aspecto malignas fueron los diagnósticos colonoscópicos más frecuentes. Las lesiones de aspecto malignas se localizaron en mayor proporción en colon izquierdo. El diagnóstico histológico más frecuente fueron los adenomas y adenocarcinomas. Conclusiones: El test de sangre oculta en heces es un método predictivo en la pesquisa de lesiones premalignas y malignas de colon en pacientes atendidos en el primer nivel de atención(AU)
Introduction: In Cuba, colorectal cancer accounts for the third cause of death by malignant tumors, while it is a worldwide health problem, currently preventable by performing tests for the detection of premalignant lesions. Objective: To evaluate the presumptive value of colonic premalignant lesions in patients with fecal occult blood. Methods: An observational, descriptive and cross-sectional study was carried out in patients with fecal occult blood, who received attention in the gastroenterology service of Diez de Octubre Surgical Clinical Teaching Hospital and underwent colonoscopy, in the period from January 2016 to January 2017. To evaluate the variables, the percentage was used as a mathematical measure and the results were shown in tables. Results: At the end of the study, a predominance of the female sex was observed. Screening, change of bowel habit and chronic diarrhea were the most frequent indications of fecal occult blood. Polyps and malignant lesions were the most frequent colonoscopic diagnoses. Malignant-appearing lesions were mostly located in the left colon. The most frequent histological diagnosis was made up of adenomas and adenocarcinomas. Conclusions: The fecal occult blood test is a predictive method for the detection of premalignant and malignant lesions of the colon in patients who receive attention at the first level of care(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Colonic Polyps/diagnosis , Colonoscopy , Colonic Neoplasms/diagnosis , Age and Sex Distribution , Early Detection of Cancer , Occult Blood , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Cross-Sectional Studies , Cuba , OctogenariansABSTRACT
Se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo, transversal, a todos los pacientes con sangre oculta positiva en heces fecales, a los cuales se le realizó colonoscopia, en el servicio de gastroenterología del Hospital Universitario Clínico Quirúrgico Comandante Faustino Pérez, de Matanzas, en el período comprendido de junio 2013 a junio 2014, con universo de 104 pacientes, previo consentimiento informado, con el objetivo de caracterizar las lesiones diagnosticadas. Se confeccionó una planilla de recolección de información (edad, sexo, positividad de colonoscopia y lesiones diagnosticadas). Los resultados se representaron en números y por cientos, mediante tablas o gráficos. Se concluyó que predominaron los pacientes entre 50 y 55 años, el sexo femenino, de ellos el 76,92 % presentó algún tipo de lesión en el colon, 15,09 % con cáncer de colon y 2,83 % cáncer de recto, lo cual reafirma la importancia de este método de pesquisa para el diagnóstico precoz de estas patologías.
We carried out an observational, descriptive, cross-sectional study to all the patients with hidden positive blood in fecal feces who were submitted to colonoscopy in the gastroenterology service of the Teaching Clinic-Surgical Hospital Faustino Pérez, of Matanzas, in the period from June 2013 to June 2014; the universe were 104 patients who gave their previous informed consent, and the aim was characterizing the diagnosed lesions. We elaborated a form for collecting information (age, gender, colonoscopy positivity and diagnosed lesions). Results were given in numbers and percents and displayed in tables and pictures. We arrived to the conclusion that there was a predominance of female patients aged 50-55 years; 76,92 % of them had some kind of colon lesions; 15,09 % had colon cancer and 2,83 % rectum cancer, confirming the importance of this testing method for the precocious diagnosis of these pathologies.
ABSTRACT
Flat colon lesions, which include superficial colon tumor and depressed colon tumor, have close relationship with colon cancers. The main type of flat colon tumor is laterally spreading tumor (LST) while the main type of depressed tumor is depressed early colon cancer (IIc type). Little has been reported about the flat colon tumor because it is difficult to be detected and has not yet been broadly recognized by clinicians. Recently, clinicians with the Nanfang Hospital have innovated some novel colonoscopic approaches to improve the diagnosis and treatment of flat colon tumor and accumalate experiences in this regard. Their conclusions are: 1. Improvement in recognizing the physical characteristics of the lesion and the application of chromoscopic colonoscopy are the key points to reveal and identify the flat colon tumors. 2. The best theraputic methods for flat colon lesions are endoscopic mucosal resection and piecemeal endoscopic mucosal resection.
ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the value of virtual colonoscopy in the diagnosis of malignant and benign lesions in the colon. Methods CT colography was performed in 37 patients. Patients included 20 cases colon polyps, 6 cases colon cancer, 4 cases diverticulum, 5 cases ulcerative colitis and 2 cases other benign lesions. The colon lesions were evaluated with 2D and 3D images, depending on individual software. Results were compared with colonoscopy for each case. Results 17 cases colon polyps, 6 cases colon cancer, 4 cases diverticulum, 2 cases ulcerative colitis were detected by CTC. Conclusion CT virtual colography is a promising technique for the detection of colorectal lesions. This procedure is minimal invasive and fast, causes mild patient discomfort.