Research on early clinical teaching model with community practice in dental education / 中华医学教育探索杂志

In order to solve the problem of the basic and clinical problems in medical education,Stomatological College of Chongqing Medical University has introduced early clinical education modes through the social practice of volunteer activities since 2009.The teaching modes of Come early into department come early into department and contact early with the patients and a combination of come early into department+contact early with the patients+community dental service were performed.A total of 525 students and 120 teachers in this program were investigated,more than 70％ of the teachers believed the students were improved obviously in doctor-patient communication,clinical practice,and teamwork spirit.Most of teachers and students approved of a combination of come early into department+contact early with the patients+community dental service,which is worth popularizing.

Riesgo biopsicosocial y percepción de la función familiar de las personas adolescentes de sexto grado en la Escuela Jesús Jiménez / Biopsychosocial risk and perception of the functionality of the family amongst adolescents from sixth grade in the Jes£s Jim‚nez School

Objetivo: la adolescencia es una etapa crucial en la vida de las personas, caracterizada por profundos cambios que marcan el paso de la niñez a la vida adulta. La detección proactiva de factores de riesgo y la intervención temprana son fundamentales para prevenir conductas riesgosas. El objetivo planteado fue describir la prevalencia del riesgo biopsicosocial y la percepción de la funcionalidad familiar de las personas adolescentes. Métodos: la población del estudio estuvo constituida por 124 adolescentes de sexto grado. Se incluyó tanto hombres como mujeres, mayores de 10 años, con el consentimiento informado de sus padres. Se les aplicó los cuestionarios Tamizaje de Riesgo del Programa de Atención Integral de la Adolescencia (PAIA) y APGAR Familiar. Resultados: los factores de riesgo con mayor prevalencia fueron: ausencia de confidente (36,3 por ciento), sensación de depresión (23,4 por ciento), participación en peleas (12,1 por ciento)e ideas de muerte (8,1 por ciento). La prevalencia de buena función familiar fue el 68,6 por ciento, disfunción leve del 27,4 por ciento y disfunción severa del 4 por ciento. La percepción de buena funcionalidad familiar por parte de los adolescentes estuvo relacionada con bajo riesgo biopsicosocial (p=0,011), mayor comunicación con los padres (p=0,000), ausencia de sensación de depresión (p=0.002), ausencia de ideas de muerte (p=0,00041) y ausencia de intentos suicidas (p=0,003). Conclusiones: los mayores problemas encontrados en los adolescentes fueron: ausencia de un confidente, sensación de depresión, participación en peleas e ideas de muerte. La familia funcional se mostró como un factor protector contra síntomas depresivos, ideas de muerte e intentos suicidas...

Practical research in ability training of community nurses in community practice base / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective To improve the comprehensive nursing abilities in the practice process in the practice base, to adapt to the needs of the development of community nursing. Methods Convenient sampling was adopted, 83 nurses were divided into the experimental group (43 nurses) and the control group (40 nurses),who interned in the practice base in the years 2008 and 2009, the control group received con-ventional teachings, and the experimental group was given the teaching method and modes which were targeted at and focusing on the training of ability. The practice result was compared between the two groups.- Results Based on the teachers, the assessment and mixed capability were higher in the experimental group, by the employers' evaluation, all of the indicators were higher than the control group, and it is statistically significant. Conclusions It can improve various nursing abilities of the community nurses by the teaching method and modes which are targeted and focusing on the training of capability.

Meal skipping children in low-income families and community practice implications

We examined dietary habits, food intakes, health status, and school and community life of meal skipping children, and investigated factors predicting meal skipping of children. A sample was composed of 944 children in low-income families who were provided with public meal service. The sample was obtained from the Survey of Meal Service for Poor Children conducted by the Korea Institute for Health and Social Affairs in 2007. Meal skipping was significantly associated with a lower nutrition and health status, and poor school performance of children, as hypothesized. The school age of child, family structure, region, job of caretaker, concern about diet, and the child's visit to welfare center significantly predicted frequency of meal skipping. We suggested a few implications for community practice to reduce meal skipping of children.

Research on the Undergraduate and Postgraduate Medical Education Systems in Britain. Special Emphasis on the Training of General Practioners / 医学教育

The general practitioner (GP) system in Britain was developed about 40 years ago within the National Health Service (NHS) system. Currently 99% of people are registered to GPs from whom they receive primary care and, if necessary, are referred to specialists working in hospitals. Thus, there is a marked difference between the health care systems of Japan and Britain. However, the GP educational system in Britain is very helpful in increasing the number of doctors practicing primary care. The following are proposed in order to reform the pre-and postgraduate medical education system in Japan. 1. An integrated curriculum including the subject of community practice should be introduced early in the undergraduate years. 2. A compulsory, broad clinical training system that includes community practice should be introduced in the early postgraduate period. 3. The international experience of clinical trainees should be increased in order to catch up with changes in the health care in other parts of the world.