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Objective:To explore the risk assessment and prevention management of hospital-associated venous thromboembolism (HA-VTE) in plateau area.Methods:This was a prospective observational study. A total of 200 patients hospitalized for acute medical diseases or surgery in the People′s Hospital of Tibet Autonomous Region from May to June 2022 were consecutively enrolled. Padua score or Caprini risk assessment model was used for dynamic risk assessment and stratification of VTE in all patients. At the same time, bleeding risk was assessed according to age, complications, trauma history, drug therapy, invasive procedures and other factors. The implementation of mechanical and/or drug prophylaxis was dynamically recorded during hospitalization. The change of VTE risk and prevention during hospitalization were the primary outcome, and the occurrence of HA-VTE events and bleeding events during hospitalization or within 90 days after enrollment were the secondary outcome.Results:A total of 196 patients were enrolled in the study, including 130 (66.3%) in internal medicine and 66 (33.7%) in surgery. There were 64 (49.2 %) and 27 (40.9%) patients with high risk of VTE within 1 day after admission among medical and surgical patients, respectively. During hospitalization, 58 (44.6%) and 49 (74.2%) patients with high risk of VTE were re-evaluated among medical and surgical patients, respectively. There were 39 (30.0%) medical patients and 54 (81.8%) surgical patients who had an increased risk of VTE due to changes in their conditions. In terms of VTE prevention, 32 patients (16.3%) received VTE prophylaxis, only 17 medical patients (8.7%) with high risk of VTE received drug prophylaxis, and 2 patients (1.0%) with high risk of VTE developed HA-VTE events after drug prophylaxis. A total of 8 (4.1%) surgical patients received drug prophylaxis, of which 1 (0.5%) received mechanical prophylaxis at the same time, and no surgical patients experienced HA-VTE events after prophylaxis. HA-VTE events occurred in 11 patients (5.6%) during hospitalization or within 90 days after enrollment.Conclusion:Considering the complex and changeable risk factors of VTE, insufficient VTE prevention and high incidence of HA-VTE in hospitalized patients in plateau areas, Padua score and Caprini risk assessment model are recommended for early, dynamic and full VTE risk assessment of patients, so as to standardize the VTE prevention and improve the quality of health management of hospitalized patients in plateau areas.
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The novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP) continues to spread throughout the country, and the prevention and control of the epidemic has entered a critical period. However, southern cities with severe outbreaks are about to enter the seasonal influenza season. We should strengthen the epidemiological investigation, optimize the laboratory testing strategy, take effective measures, strengthen the prevention and control of influenza epidemic, and minimize the interference to the new coronavirus epidemic.
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December 2019 witnessed the outbreak of COVID-19 in Wuhan, Hubei province of China, which has soon spread nationwide and across national borders, posting a menacing pandemic threat. Children are themselves highly susceptible infectious diseases in normal times not to mention an epidemic period. Coupled with the high incidence of seasonal influenza, it is imperative to strengthen epidemiological screening of children, along with effective isolation, treatment, prevention and control measures. In view of specifics of the hospital, the authors proposed to further improve the medical emergency procedure, strictly enforcing screening and isolation regulations, and standardizing medical procedure. They also proposed scientific layout and use of the infection wards. These measures are designed to control the epidemic and protect the safety of medical staff.
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@#AIM: To summarize the implementation effect of comprehensive prevention and treatment service model for diabetic ophthalmopathy in Pudong New Area, and provide practical reference for the establishment and improvement of the community-based comprehensive prevention and treatment service model of diabetic ophthalmopathy.<p>METHODS: From 2018-08 to 2019-08, diabetes patients with chronic disease management were selected for screening in the 45 community of Pudong New Area, stratified sampling by age and sex. The eye health data of long-distance screening were analyzed, and master the degree of satisfaction and participation willingness through the questionnaire survey.<p>RESULTS: The screening included 39 055 patients with DM, all of whom established eye health files for the first time. 15.870%(6 198/39 055)was made a definite diagnosis preliminarily of diabetic retinopathy, the prevalence of mild, moderate, severe NPDR and PDR were 3.974%, 9.904%, 1.746% and 0.246% respectively. The rate of needing referral was 44.325%(17 311/39 055); the rate of actual follow-up was 5.846%(1 012/17 311); the satisfaction of DR screening and willingness to participate were over 85%.<p>CONCLUSION: The service mode of comprehensive prevention and treatment for diabetic ophthalmopathy based on remote screening system was feasible for early detection, early diagnosis and early intervention of diabetic ophthalmopathy, but it needs further optimization and improvement in practice application.
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Objective To investigate and analyze the epidemiological and pathogenic characteristics on a case of human Streptococcus suis type 2 infection in Minhang District, Shanghai, and to provide evidence for early warning and prevention and control measures of rare and imported zoonotic acute infectious diseases in Shanghai. Methods By inquiring the patient medical history and epidemiological history and on-site environmental investigation, the infection route and source of the case were examined. The pathogenic culture of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) was used to isolate Streptococcus suis, and Vitek2GP was used to identify the isolated strains. The PCR technique was used to detect species specific genes and virulence genes. Results The clinical manifestations of the patient were high fever with headache, nausea, vomiting and stiff neck. Blood tests showed a significant increase in c-reactive protein, an increase in lymphocyte percentage, and a decrease in platelet count. Head CT examination showed bilateral ethmoidal sinus and bilateral maxillary sinus inflammation, and significantly increased CSF white blood cell count and immunoglobulin. The case's CSF sample was positive for species specific genes (16SrRNA) and 2 virulence genes (cps-2j and ef). Conclusion This case was human Streptococcus suis type 2 with meningitis symptoms. Good prognosis was associated with timely diagnosis and treatment as well as the types of virulence factors. Medical institutions should identify early infection and take timely treatment as soon as possible to avoid severe illness and death cases. Departments of agriculture, health, market management, and others should consummate the reporting mechanism of animal epidemic situation, and establish necessary active sentinel monitoring.
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The novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP) continues to spread throughout the country, and the prevention and control of the epidemic has entered a critical period. However, southern cities with severe outbreaks are about to enter the seasonal influenza season. We should strengthen the epidemiological investigation, optimize the laboratory testing strategy, take effective measures, strengthen the prevention and control of influenza epidemic, and minimize the interference to the new coronavirus epidemic.
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Objective To understand the current overall status of implementation on the National Demonstration Areas of Comprehensive Prevention and Control of Non-communicable Diseases.Methods According to the scheme design of the questionnaires,all the National Demonstration Areas were involved in this study.For each National Demonstration Areas,eight departments were selected to complete a total of 12 questionnaires.Results Scores related to the implementation of the National Demonstration Areas accounted for 71.8％ of the total 170 points.Based on the scores gathered from this study,the 23-items-index-system that represented the status of project implementation was classified into seven categories.Categories with higher percentile scores would include:monitoring (88.0％),safeguard measures (75.0％),health education and health promotion (75.0％).Categories with lower percentile scores would include:the national health lifestyle actions (67.7％),community diagnosis (66.7％),discovery and intervention of high-risk groups (64.7％),and patient management (60.9％).There were significant differences noticed among the eastern,central and western areas on items as safeguard measures,health education/promotion,discovery and intervention of high-risk groups.In all,the implementation programs in the eastern Demonstration Areas seemed better than in the central or western regions.As for the 23 items,five of the highest scores appeared on policy support,mortality surveillance,tumor registration,reporting system on cardiovascular/cerebrovascular events,and on tobacco control,respectively.However,the lowest five scores fell on healthy diet,patient self-management program,oral hygiene,setting up the demonstration units and promotion on basic public health services,respectively.The overall scores in the eastern region was higher than that in the central or the western regions.The scores in the central and western regions showed basically the same.Conclusions The overall status of implementation on the National Demonstration Areas was satisfactory.Future attention should be focusing on patient management as well as discovery and intervention of high-risk groups,which also presented the lowest scores,in this survey.
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Objective To investigate the consumption of vegetables and fruits and related influencing factors among residents from the National Demonstration Areas of Comprehensive Prevention and Control of Non-communicable Diseases.Methods From November to December,2016,a total of 4 000 residents,aged 18 or above,from ten Demonstration Areas,were selected as participants for this study by multi-stage cluster random sampling method.Information on vegetables,fruits consumption and related influencing factors was collected via questionnaire.Results A total of 3 891 residents were involved in the final analysis.Daily consumption of vegetables and fruits accounted for 72.1％ and 53.6％ of the residents under study.The residents who were aware of the National Demonstration Areas activities were more willing to have adequate intake of vegetables (OR=3.017,95％CI:2.426-3.753) and fruits (OR=1.261,95％CI:1.007-1.580).Residents with higher degree of participation activities of the demonstration areas were more likely to have adequate fruits intake (high degree:OR=1.431,95％CI:1.210-1.694;medium degree:OR=1.573,95％CI:1.315-1.882).Conclusions The implementation of the National Demonstration Areas for Comprehensive Prevention and Control of Non-communicable Diseases has improved the adequate vegetables and fruits intake among residents.Relevant activities carried out in the Demonstration Areas appeared conducive to the healthy lifestyle of the residents.
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Objective To understand the current situation on management of diabetes mellitus patients aged 35 and above in the National Demonstration Areas for Comprehensive Prevention and Control of Non-communicable Diseases,in China.Methods Local residents,aged 18 years and above were randomly selected by a complex,multistage,probability sampling method.Face-to-face questionnaire survey was carried out between November and December 2016.Rates regarding prevalence,treatment and management of diabetes were calculated,and influencing factors of diabetes were analyzed by using the non-conditional logistic regression model.Results A total of 3 213 residents aged ≥35 years were included in this study,of which 11.48％ (369/3 213) reported that they had ever been informed by a doctor or other health worker that their blood sugar level was high or being diabetic.The rate of self-reported treatment among the diabetic patients was 83.20％ (307/369).Rates on overall management and standardized management were 69.92％ (258/369) and 53.66％ (198/369),respectively.Higher rates were seen in residents aged 55 to 64 years,76.32％ for overall management and 59.65％ for standardized management.Through multiple logistic regression analysis,we found that standardized management for diabetes was much higher in the Demonstration Areas located in the eastern areas (OR=2.942,95％CI:1.547-5.594),or patients with characteristics including high implementation score (OR=3.499,95％ CI:1.865-6.563),already signed family doctors (OR=5.661,95％ CI:3.237-9.899),or without hypertension (OR=1.717,95％ CI:1.010-2.920).Residents who were living in the first and second batch areas of implementation or responding to the NCDs with positive attitude were more likely to accept standardized management.Conclusion Prevention and management programs on diabetes had met the requirements set for the Demonstration Areas which had promoted the specific implementation and further development of standardized management on diabetes.
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Objective To investigate the current status of prevalence,treatment,and management on hypertension among Chinese adults from the National Demonstration Areas for Comprehensive Prevention and Control of Non-communicable Diseases.Methods We selected a total of 4 000 residents aged ≥ 18 years for this questionnaire-based survey by multi-stage clustering sampling in 10 National Demonstration Areas between November and December,2016.Results There were 3 891 effective questionnaires.The self-reported prevalence of hypertension among aged ≥35 years was 31.47％ (1 011/3 213).For the past two weeks,the self-reported treatment of hypertension was 86.75％(877/1 011),with the rates of guidance as 56.87％ (575/1 011) on physical activity,40.95％ (414/1 011) on diet,38.33％ (385/1 011) on weight management,and 22.75％ (228/1 011) on smoking cessation.For the past 12 months,74.68％ (755/1 011) of the residents aged ≥35 years were under the proper management and 62.12％ (628/1 011) of them were under the standardized management programs.The follow-up program lasted for 4 (P2s-P75:4-12) times per year,with 15 (P25-P75:10-20)minutes per each visit.Hypertensive patients would mainly visit the outpatient clinics (53.51％),followed by home visits (22.91％) and telephone calls (13.64％).Rate of satisfaction on management services was 94.83％ (716/755) from the hypertensive patients.Multivariate analysis showed that the rate of self-reported treatment (OR=1.986,95％ CI:1.222-3.228) and self-reported standardized management (OR=2.204,95％CI:1.519-3.199) on hypertension were higher in the Demonstration Areas with higher implementation scores of self-reported non-communicable diseases management.Conclusions Prevention and management on hypertension in the Demonstration Areas had met the requirement set for the Demonstration Areas during the "12th Five-Year Plan".Projects on setting up the National Non-communicable Diseases Demonstration Areas had played an active role in promoting the standardized management program on hypertension.
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Objective To assess the implementation and impact of programs carried out by the National Demonstration Areas for Comprehensive Prevention and Control of Non-communicable Diseases.Methods Both sociological and epidemiological methods were used to collect qualitative and quantitative data in November and December,2016 in order to conduct on process and outcome evaluation of the above mentioned objective.In the meantime,case study was also conducted.Results All the National Demonstration Areas for Comprehensive Prevention and Control of Non-communicable Diseases were found well implemented across the country,with health education and health promotion,surveillance and safeguard measures in particular.A government-led and inter-sector coordination and communication mechanism had been well established,with more than 16 non-health departments actively involved.28.7％ of the residents living in the National Demonstration Areas for Comprehensive Prevention and Control of Non-communicable Diseases were aware of the key messages related to chronic diseases.Among the residents,72.1％ of them consumed vegetables and 53.6％ consumed fruits daily,with another 86.9％ walked at least 10 minutes per day.Over 70％ of the patients with hypertension or diabetes reported that they were taken care of by the Community Health Centers,and above 50％ of them were under standardized management.Residents,living in the National Demonstration Areas under higher ranking of implementation scores,were more likely to be aware of relevant knowledge on chronic disease control and prevention (OR=6.591,95％CI:5.188-8.373),salt reduction (OR=1.352,95％CI:1.151-1.589),oil reduction (OR=1.477,95％CI:1.249-1.746) and recommendation on physical activities (OR =1.975,95％ CI:1.623-2.403).Conclusion The implementation of programs carried out by the National Demonstration Areas for Comprehensive Prevention and Control of Non-communicable Diseases had served a local platform for the control and prevention of non-communicable diseases,and thus become an important'carrier'for chronic disease prevention and control programs in China.
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The former Ministry of Health launched a project regarding National Demonstration Areas for Comprehensive Prevention and Control of Non-communicable Diseases (NCDs) in 2010.This study combined quantitative and qualitative methods,using epidemiological,anthropological and sociological methods to carry out process assessment,effectiveness and case study to evaluate the outcomes of the Demonstration Areas in China.A government leading body,under multi-sectoral cooperation pattern set for prevention and control of NCDs in the Demonstration Areas,was established.All the health related indicators of the residents from the NCDs appeared better than the national average level,showing the fact that the first phase goal on the establishment of Demonstration Areas was materialized.Papers that included in this issue "Evaluation on China National Demonstration Areas for NCDs Prevention and Control" elaborated the implementation status and effectiveness of the Demonstration Areas.It was our hope to provide reference for scaling up the Demonstration Areas and dynamic management in the future.
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Objective To understand the current overall status of implementation on the National Demonstration Areas of Comprehensive Prevention and Control of Non-communicable Diseases.Methods According to the scheme design of the questionnaires,all the National Demonstration Areas were involved in this study.For each National Demonstration Areas,eight departments were selected to complete a total of 12 questionnaires.Results Scores related to the implementation of the National Demonstration Areas accounted for 71.8％ of the total 170 points.Based on the scores gathered from this study,the 23-items-index-system that represented the status of project implementation was classified into seven categories.Categories with higher percentile scores would include:monitoring (88.0％),safeguard measures (75.0％),health education and health promotion (75.0％).Categories with lower percentile scores would include:the national health lifestyle actions (67.7％),community diagnosis (66.7％),discovery and intervention of high-risk groups (64.7％),and patient management (60.9％).There were significant differences noticed among the eastern,central and western areas on items as safeguard measures,health education/promotion,discovery and intervention of high-risk groups.In all,the implementation programs in the eastern Demonstration Areas seemed better than in the central or western regions.As for the 23 items,five of the highest scores appeared on policy support,mortality surveillance,tumor registration,reporting system on cardiovascular/cerebrovascular events,and on tobacco control,respectively.However,the lowest five scores fell on healthy diet,patient self-management program,oral hygiene,setting up the demonstration units and promotion on basic public health services,respectively.The overall scores in the eastern region was higher than that in the central or the western regions.The scores in the central and western regions showed basically the same.Conclusions The overall status of implementation on the National Demonstration Areas was satisfactory.Future attention should be focusing on patient management as well as discovery and intervention of high-risk groups,which also presented the lowest scores,in this survey.
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Objective To investigate the consumption of vegetables and fruits and related influencing factors among residents from the National Demonstration Areas of Comprehensive Prevention and Control of Non-communicable Diseases.Methods From November to December,2016,a total of 4 000 residents,aged 18 or above,from ten Demonstration Areas,were selected as participants for this study by multi-stage cluster random sampling method.Information on vegetables,fruits consumption and related influencing factors was collected via questionnaire.Results A total of 3 891 residents were involved in the final analysis.Daily consumption of vegetables and fruits accounted for 72.1％ and 53.6％ of the residents under study.The residents who were aware of the National Demonstration Areas activities were more willing to have adequate intake of vegetables (OR=3.017,95％CI:2.426-3.753) and fruits (OR=1.261,95％CI:1.007-1.580).Residents with higher degree of participation activities of the demonstration areas were more likely to have adequate fruits intake (high degree:OR=1.431,95％CI:1.210-1.694;medium degree:OR=1.573,95％CI:1.315-1.882).Conclusions The implementation of the National Demonstration Areas for Comprehensive Prevention and Control of Non-communicable Diseases has improved the adequate vegetables and fruits intake among residents.Relevant activities carried out in the Demonstration Areas appeared conducive to the healthy lifestyle of the residents.
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Objective To understand the current situation on management of diabetes mellitus patients aged 35 and above in the National Demonstration Areas for Comprehensive Prevention and Control of Non-communicable Diseases,in China.Methods Local residents,aged 18 years and above were randomly selected by a complex,multistage,probability sampling method.Face-to-face questionnaire survey was carried out between November and December 2016.Rates regarding prevalence,treatment and management of diabetes were calculated,and influencing factors of diabetes were analyzed by using the non-conditional logistic regression model.Results A total of 3 213 residents aged ≥35 years were included in this study,of which 11.48％ (369/3 213) reported that they had ever been informed by a doctor or other health worker that their blood sugar level was high or being diabetic.The rate of self-reported treatment among the diabetic patients was 83.20％ (307/369).Rates on overall management and standardized management were 69.92％ (258/369) and 53.66％ (198/369),respectively.Higher rates were seen in residents aged 55 to 64 years,76.32％ for overall management and 59.65％ for standardized management.Through multiple logistic regression analysis,we found that standardized management for diabetes was much higher in the Demonstration Areas located in the eastern areas (OR=2.942,95％CI:1.547-5.594),or patients with characteristics including high implementation score (OR=3.499,95％ CI:1.865-6.563),already signed family doctors (OR=5.661,95％ CI:3.237-9.899),or without hypertension (OR=1.717,95％ CI:1.010-2.920).Residents who were living in the first and second batch areas of implementation or responding to the NCDs with positive attitude were more likely to accept standardized management.Conclusion Prevention and management programs on diabetes had met the requirements set for the Demonstration Areas which had promoted the specific implementation and further development of standardized management on diabetes.
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Objective To investigate the current status of prevalence,treatment,and management on hypertension among Chinese adults from the National Demonstration Areas for Comprehensive Prevention and Control of Non-communicable Diseases.Methods We selected a total of 4 000 residents aged ≥ 18 years for this questionnaire-based survey by multi-stage clustering sampling in 10 National Demonstration Areas between November and December,2016.Results There were 3 891 effective questionnaires.The self-reported prevalence of hypertension among aged ≥35 years was 31.47％ (1 011/3 213).For the past two weeks,the self-reported treatment of hypertension was 86.75％(877/1 011),with the rates of guidance as 56.87％ (575/1 011) on physical activity,40.95％ (414/1 011) on diet,38.33％ (385/1 011) on weight management,and 22.75％ (228/1 011) on smoking cessation.For the past 12 months,74.68％ (755/1 011) of the residents aged ≥35 years were under the proper management and 62.12％ (628/1 011) of them were under the standardized management programs.The follow-up program lasted for 4 (P2s-P75:4-12) times per year,with 15 (P25-P75:10-20)minutes per each visit.Hypertensive patients would mainly visit the outpatient clinics (53.51％),followed by home visits (22.91％) and telephone calls (13.64％).Rate of satisfaction on management services was 94.83％ (716/755) from the hypertensive patients.Multivariate analysis showed that the rate of self-reported treatment (OR=1.986,95％ CI:1.222-3.228) and self-reported standardized management (OR=2.204,95％CI:1.519-3.199) on hypertension were higher in the Demonstration Areas with higher implementation scores of self-reported non-communicable diseases management.Conclusions Prevention and management on hypertension in the Demonstration Areas had met the requirement set for the Demonstration Areas during the "12th Five-Year Plan".Projects on setting up the National Non-communicable Diseases Demonstration Areas had played an active role in promoting the standardized management program on hypertension.
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Objective To assess the implementation and impact of programs carried out by the National Demonstration Areas for Comprehensive Prevention and Control of Non-communicable Diseases.Methods Both sociological and epidemiological methods were used to collect qualitative and quantitative data in November and December,2016 in order to conduct on process and outcome evaluation of the above mentioned objective.In the meantime,case study was also conducted.Results All the National Demonstration Areas for Comprehensive Prevention and Control of Non-communicable Diseases were found well implemented across the country,with health education and health promotion,surveillance and safeguard measures in particular.A government-led and inter-sector coordination and communication mechanism had been well established,with more than 16 non-health departments actively involved.28.7％ of the residents living in the National Demonstration Areas for Comprehensive Prevention and Control of Non-communicable Diseases were aware of the key messages related to chronic diseases.Among the residents,72.1％ of them consumed vegetables and 53.6％ consumed fruits daily,with another 86.9％ walked at least 10 minutes per day.Over 70％ of the patients with hypertension or diabetes reported that they were taken care of by the Community Health Centers,and above 50％ of them were under standardized management.Residents,living in the National Demonstration Areas under higher ranking of implementation scores,were more likely to be aware of relevant knowledge on chronic disease control and prevention (OR=6.591,95％CI:5.188-8.373),salt reduction (OR=1.352,95％CI:1.151-1.589),oil reduction (OR=1.477,95％CI:1.249-1.746) and recommendation on physical activities (OR =1.975,95％ CI:1.623-2.403).Conclusion The implementation of programs carried out by the National Demonstration Areas for Comprehensive Prevention and Control of Non-communicable Diseases had served a local platform for the control and prevention of non-communicable diseases,and thus become an important'carrier'for chronic disease prevention and control programs in China.
ABSTRACT
The former Ministry of Health launched a project regarding National Demonstration Areas for Comprehensive Prevention and Control of Non-communicable Diseases (NCDs) in 2010.This study combined quantitative and qualitative methods,using epidemiological,anthropological and sociological methods to carry out process assessment,effectiveness and case study to evaluate the outcomes of the Demonstration Areas in China.A government leading body,under multi-sectoral cooperation pattern set for prevention and control of NCDs in the Demonstration Areas,was established.All the health related indicators of the residents from the NCDs appeared better than the national average level,showing the fact that the first phase goal on the establishment of Demonstration Areas was materialized.Papers that included in this issue "Evaluation on China National Demonstration Areas for NCDs Prevention and Control" elaborated the implementation status and effectiveness of the Demonstration Areas.It was our hope to provide reference for scaling up the Demonstration Areas and dynamic management in the future.
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Cancer is a major chronic disease threatening the people′s health in China. We reviewed the latest advances on cancer surveillance, prevention and control in our country, which may provide important clues for future cancer control. We used data from the National Central Cancer Registry, to describe and analyze the latest cancer statistics in China. We summarized updated informations on cancer control policies, conducting network, as well as programs in the country. We provided important suggestions on the future strategies of cancer prevention and control. The overall cancer burden in China has been increasing during the past decades. In 2014, there were about 3 804 000 new cancer cases and 2 296 000 cancer deaths in China. The age-standardized cancer incidence and mortality rates were 190.63/100 000 and 106.98/100 000, respectively. China has formed a comprehensive network on cancer prevention and control. Nationwide population-based cancer surveillance has been built up. The population coverage of cancer surveillance has been expanded, and the data quality has been improved. As the aging population is increasing and unhealthy life styles persist in our country, there will be an unnegligible cancer burden in China. Based on the comprehensive rationale of cancer control and prevention, National Cancer Center of China will perform its duty for future precise cancer control and prevention, based on cancer surveillance statistics.
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Objective To understand the'backward'provinces and the relatively poor work among the construction of National Demonstration Area,so as to promote communication and future visions among different regions.Methods Methods on Cluster analysis were used to compare the development of National Demonstration Area in different provinces,including the coverage of National Demonstration Area and the scores of non-communicable disease (NCDs) prevention and control work based on a standardized indicating system.Results According to the results from the construction of National Demonstration Area,all the 29 provinces and the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps (except Tibet and Qinghai) were classified into 6 categories:Shanghai;Beijing,Zhejiang,Chongqing;Tianjin,Shandong,Guangdong and Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps;Hebei,Fujian,Hubei,Jiangsu,Liaoning,Xinjiang,Hunan and Guangxi;Shanxi,Jilin,Henan,Hainan,Sichuan,Anhui and Jiangxi;Inner Mongolia,Shaanxi,Ningxia,Guizhou,Yunnan,Gansu and Heilongjiang.Based on the scores gathered from this study,24 items that representing the achievements from the NCDs prevention and control endeavor were classified into 4 categories:Manpower,special day on NCD,information materials development,policy/strategy support,financial support,mass media,enabled environment,community fitness campaign,health promotion for children and teenage,institutional structure and patient self-management;healthy diet,risk factors on NCDs surveillance,tobacco control and community diagnosis;intervention of high-risk groups,identification of high-risk groups,reporting system on cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events,popularization of basic public health service,workplace intervention programs,construction of demonstration units and mortality surveillance;oral hygiene and tumor registration.Contents including oral hygiene,tumor registration,intervention on high-risk groups,identification of high-risk population,reporting system on cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events,popularization of basic public health service,workplace intervention programs,construction of demonstration units and mortality surveillance were discerned as the relatively weak areas in the construction programs of National Demonstration Area.Conclusions Western regions,especially in some remote provinces had the poorest performance during the construction of National Demonstration Area.Programs regarding chronic disease surveillance,identification and intervention on high-risk groups showed the lowest scores and these outcome-oriented tasks should be further focused on,during the next term of review,in these areas.