PercepFiguras: programa computarizado de estimulación visual para evaluar conductual y electrofisiológicamente la percepción multiestable / PercepFiguras: a computerized visual stimulation program to assess, behaviorally and electrophysiologically, the multistable perception

RESUMEN En la investigación de la percepción visual comúnmente se usan programas computarizados comerciales para la presentación de los estímulos, configurados por lo general para admitir una respuesta por cada estímulo presentado. Sin embargo, el estudio de la percepción multiestable, requiere la presentación de un estímulo que permanece invariable aunque la percepción de éste puede variar en dos o más configuraciones, lo que demanda que el programa admita respuestas para cada cambio en la percepción de un mismo estímulo. Se presenta PercepFiguras desarrollado con lenguaje de programación C++ que es un sistema de estimulación visual que permite al usuario: a) presentar imágenes y recibir una o varias respuestas a cada una, b) sincronizar las respuestas con un sistema de registro electroencefalográfico mediante el envío de pulsos TTL, c) generar un archivo conductual y d) generar un archivo con el total de respuestas y promedios de las latencias a cada tipo de figura. Se realizó un estudio piloto con una tarea de presentación continua de una figura ambigua alternando con dos variantes de menor ambigüedad, se obtuvo mayor frecuencia de cambios perceptuales y menor estabilidad perceptual para la figura ambigua respecto a las de menor ambigüedad, comprobándose la utilidad del programa.

ABSTRACT In the study of visual perception, the use of computerized commercial programs for the presentation of stimuli, usually configured to admit a response for each stimulus presented, is common. However, the study of multistable perception requires the presentation of a stimulus that remains unchanged, although the perception of it can vary in two or more configurations during its observation, which demands that the program admit responses for each change in perception of the same stimulus. PercepFiguras is a system developed with C++ programming language that allows: a) present images and receive multiple responses to the same stimulus, b) synchronize the responses with an electroencephalographic recording system by sending TTL pulses, c) generate a behavioral file, d) generate a file with the total responses and averages of the latencies for each type of figure. In the pilot study with a task of continuous presentation of an ambiguous figure to alternating with two variants of less ambiguity, we observe greater frequency of perceptual and less perceptual stability to the ambiguous figure with respect to the less ambiguous figures, which proves the usefulness of the program.

Maintenance scheme of computer system failure of color Doppler ultrasound equipment / 中国医学装备

Objective: Through analyzing a fault case for GE P5 Color Doppler Ultrasound to find out the main performance and effect of computer failure in Medical devices fault and the solution for failure. Methods: By consulting with maintenance manuals and relevant information, and combining with the main problems of the computer equipment to make detailed analysis, and then discussed and explored the solution for resolving problem. Results: By using the elimination method of relevant calculating fault, computer system failure of Color Doppler Ultrasound can be effectively eliminated, and the normal operation of equipment can be guaranteed. Conclusion:With the rapid development of computer technology, it is applied wider and wider in the modern medical instrument and has become an important support technology of many medical equipment, and has been inseparable with medical equipment's technology development. Therefore, many computer failure of software and hardware directly become medical equipment failure, even directly affects the normal work of medical devices. Consequently, in the maintenance and repair for medical equipments, maintenance and repair of computer system becomes particularly important, and has been an important part to guarantee the normal work of medical equipment. We should pay more attention to it in work practice.

Sistema Informático para la gestión de pacientes con VIH/SIDA en el Centro Provincial de Higiene Epidemiología y Microbiología de Guantánamo / Computer system for the management of patients with VIH/SIDA in Guantanamo province

En nuestro país, varias entidades desarrollan de manera progresiva la informatización de sus procesos en aras de elevar los niveles de eficiencia y efectividad a través del uso de las Tecnologías de la Información y las Telecomunicaciones. En este accionar se encuentra el Centro Provincial de Higiene, Epidemiología y Microbiología Guantánamo que requirió informatizar el proceso de gestión de los pacientes de VIH/SIDA en la provincia. Para el desarrollo del sistema se utilizaron herramientas informáticas de software libre: ExtJS como librería de JavaScript, XAMPP como servidor de plataforma libre que integra el servidor de base de datos MySQL y el servidor web Apache. La aplicación siguió el patrón arquitectónico Modelo-Vista-Controlador que implementa el framework de desarrollo CodeIgniter orientado al lenguaje de programación PHP. La ingeniería del software fue descrita a través de la metodología de desarrollo Programación Extrema. El sistema informático para la gestión de pacientes de VIH/SIDA en el Centro Provincial de Higiene, Epidemiología y Microbiología Guantánamo facilita el acceso y manejo de la información de forma precisa y completa, permitiendo así elevar la productividad del trabajo en el Departamento de VIH/SIDA(AU)

In our country, several entities progressively develop the computerization of its processes in order to raise levels of efficiency and effectiveness through the use of Information Technology and Telecommunications. The Provincial Center of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Microbiology Guantánamo demanded computerize the process of managing patients with HIV / AIDS in the province. For system development was used tools free software: ExtJS library as JavaScript, XAMPP as free server platform that integrates server MySQL database and Apache web server. The application followed the architectural pattern Model-View-Controller that implements development framework CodeIgniter oriented programming language PHP. Software engineering was described by the Extreme Programming methodology development. The computer system for the management of patients with HIV / AIDS in the Provincial Center of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Microbiology Guantánamo facilitates access and manage information accurately and completely, thus allowing to raise labor productivity in the Department of HIV / AIDS(AU)

Developing a Common Health Information Exchange Platform to Implement a Nationwide Health Information Network in South Korea / 대한의료정보학회지

OBJECTIVES: We aimed to develop a common health information exchange (HIE) platform that can provide integrated services for implementing the HIE infrastructure in addition to guidelines for participating in an HIE network in South Korea. METHODS: By exploiting the Health Level 7 (HL7) Clinical Document Architecture (CDA) and Integrating the Healthcare Enterprise (IHE) Cross-enterprise Document Sharing-b (XDS.b) profile, we defined the architectural model, exchanging data items and their standardization, messaging standards, and privacy and security guidelines, for a secure, nationwide, interoperable HIE. We then developed a service-oriented common HIE platform to minimize the effort and difficulty of fulfilling the standard requirements for participating in the HIE network. The common platform supports open application program interfaces (APIs) for implementing a document registry, a document repository, a document consumer, and a master patient index. It could also be used for testing environments for the implementation of standard requirements. RESULTS: As the initial phase of implementing a nationwide HIE network in South Korea, we built a regional network for workers' compensation (WC) hospitals and their collaborating clinics to share referral and care record summaries to ensure the continuity of care for industrially injured workers, using the common HIE platform and verifying the feasibility of our technologies. CONCLUSIONS: We expect to expand the HIE network on a national scale with rapid support for implementing HL7 and IHE standards in South Korea.

Introducing Computer Systems Supporting Works Related to Cancer Chemotherapy and Evaluating Their Effect (the 2nd Report) / 医薬品情報学

  Nagara Medical Center introduced two computer systems that utilized data imputed into electronic medical records.  The first system was used to check cancer chemotherapy prescriptions, whereas the second system was a preparation support system that facilitates precise mixing of anticancer drugs.<br>  The prescription checking system made it possible to easily monitor the dose of anticancer drugs and dosing intervals utilizing data imputed into electronic medical records.  Using this system, the time required for checking was reduced significantly compared to without using the system.<br>  The preparation support system enables converting the dose of anticancer drugs that imputed into electronic medical records to the prepared amount automatically and checking of the amounts of drugs for drug preparations.  Drugs are checked by reading a bar code attached to a vial or ampule in order to check prepared drugs are correct.  The prepared amount of drug is checked by measuring the weight of a syringe used in preparation before and after preparation.  Using the preparation support system, the preparation time required was prolonged significantly compared to that without using the system.  However, questionnaire survey revealed that prolonged time was in the allowable range to ensure safety.<br>  In conclusion, it is considered that the prescription checking system introduced efficient checking of prescriptions, and that the preparation support system introduced an improvement in the accuracy of preparation.

Sistema automatizado para la gestión del programa de control sanitario internacional de Cuba / Automated system for management of the international health control program in Cuba

El programa de Control Sanitario Internacional propuesto en Cuba permite el control y seguimiento de la importación de productos, enfermedades endémicas de otros países y las transmisibles por vectores. Todo esto es realizado en formato duro, de forma manual, por teléfono, correo y Excel. Existen algunos sistemas desarrollados que no presentan todas las funcionalidades necesarias para el manejo de la información requerida. En la Universidad de las Ciencias Informáticas (UCI), se desarrolló el sistema Control Sanitario Internacional (CSI) y su objetivo fundamental es automatizar todos los procesos relacionados a la vigilancia, seguimiento de la higiene de los productos, control de foco y la detección de enfermedades. Para la implementación se utilizó Apache, base de datos MySQL 5, PHP 5 y el framework CodeIgniter v1.6. Con la implantación del sistema se espera centralizar la gestión de la información, otorgando rapidez, calidad y seguridad en la información(AU)

The International Health Control Program proposed in Cuba allows the control and monitoring of the import of products, endemic and vector borne diseases from other countries. All this is done in hard format, manually, by phone, mail and Excel. There are some systems that doesn't have developed all the necessary features for managing the information required. At the University of Informatics Sciences (UCI), we developed the system International Health Control (CSI). Its main objective is to automate all the processes related to surveillance, monitoring of hygiene, control of focus and the disease detection. For the implementation we used Apache, MySQL 5 database, PHP 5 and CodeIgniter 1.6 framework. With the implementation of the system is expected to centralize information management, providing speed, quality and information security(AU)

Estudo da notificação do óbito infantil em quatro municípios do estado do Piauí nos anos de 2005 e 2006 / Study of notification of death of children in four counties in the state of Piaui in the years 2005 and 2006

Esta dissertação é apresentada sob forma de artigo e tem por objetivo estudar a notificação de óbito de crianças menores de um ano de idade nos municípios de Fronteiras, Monsenhor Gil, Pimenteiras e Simões do estado do Piauí no biênio 2005 e 2006. Foi realizado um estudo de caso de natureza descritiva. O trabalho de campo foi feito por meio da estratégia busca ativa junto às diversas fontes de notificação de óbito oficiais e não oficiais existentes nos municípios. Foram utilizados os dados de óbito infantil do Sistema de Informação sobre Mortalidade (SIM). Buscou-se identificar o percentual de subnotificação do óbito infantil, a contribuição das diversas fontes de notificação e o perfil do óbito infantil. O estudo mostrou uma cobertura de óbito infantil para o total dos municípios de 59,5%; dentre as unidades classificadas como do sistema de saúde, o hospital foi a principal fonte de notificação para óbitos já notificados no SIM. O PSF e informante chave mostraram-se fontes relevantes para óbitos não notificados ao SIM. É possível apontar que a subnotificação do óbito infantil pode ser atribuída a questões relacionadas à garantia do acesso ao serviço de saúde como também a questões que perpassam o setor saúde, a exemplo, o nível de escolaridade materna.

This dissertation is presented in an article format and has as its objective to study the death notifications of children younger than one year of age in the cities of Fronteiras, Monsenhor Gil, Pimenteiras and Simões, in the state of Piauí from 2005 to2006. A case study of a descriptive nature was carried out. The field work was done by means of anactive strategic search together with the different sources of official death notification and the non-official ones in the cities. The data of infant deaths from the Mortality Information Computer System (SIM) was used. The search to identify the percentage of undernotification of infant deaths, the contribution of several sources of notification and the profile of infant deaths was done. The study showed a covering of infant death for all ofthe cities at 59.5%; among the units classified as the health system, the hospital was the main notification source for deaths notified at SIM. The Family Health Program and the key informant were the relevant sources for non-notified deaths at SIM. It is possible to point out that the under notification of infant deaths could be attributed to questions related to the guarantee of access to health services as well as questions which are outside the health sector, for example, the educational level of the mother.

Integrated pest management (IPM) and Internet-based information delivery systems / Manejo integrado de pragas (MIP) e sistemas de liberação de informação sediados na Internet

A internet permite compartilhar a colaboração e a informação numa escala sem precedentes. Ela tornou-se um meio inédito para a comunicação em pesquisa e extensão. A rede mundial de computadores (World Wide Web - WWW) torna possível a combinação da informação de diferentes sites de umamaneira contínua. O potencial de uso da rede para integrar todo o tipo de informação, estática ou dinâmica, é unico e inédito. A rede permite fazer a interface para todos os tipos de base de dados interativos e para muitos tipos de análises e processamentos de dados on line. Modelos sediados na rede e sistemas para o apoio de decisões (decision support systems - DSS) estão se tornando populares porque poucos ou nenhum programa de sofware é necessário, dessa forma reduzindo o custo de distribuição e manejo de modelos. Nenhum outro meio oferece tais habilidades, como por exemplo, as informações climáticas em tempo quase real, multimidia, processos analíticos, discussão em vias múltiplas e feedback. O manejo integrado de pragas (MIP) é um sistema intensivo em informação. Ambos, a pesquisa em MIP e a sua implementação, requerem o suprimento de informação em tempo útil. A internet fornece meios para estabelecer acomunicação entre os pesquisadores em MIP e os profissionais da extensão e sua clientela, para maximizar a troca de informações e a transferência de tecnologias. A rede WWW abriu uma amplitude de fontes de dados para pesquisa, extensão, ensino e aprendizado em MIP, não concebida antes do advento da internet. O futuro do uso do MIP pela internet é promissor. A troca de informações baseada na internet está rapidamente se tornando um requisito indispensável para implementação de sistemas de MIP locais, regionais ou em áreas abrangentes e em nível internacional.

The Internet enables collaboration and information sharing on an unprecedented scale. It has become a prime medium for research and extension communication. The World Wide Web (WWW) makes it possible to combine information from many different sites in a seamless fashion. Thepotential for using the web to integrate all types of static and interactive (dynamic) information is unique and unprecedented. The web provides excellent interfaces for all kinds of interactive network databases, and many kinds of online analyses and data processing. Web-based models and decision support systems (DSS) are becoming popular because little or no client software is required, thus reducing software management and distribution costs. No other medium offers such ability as simultaneous real-time weather information, multimedia, analytical processing and multi-way discussion and feedback. IPM is an information-intensive system. Both IPM research and implementation requirethe reliable supply of timely information. The Internet provides the means to establish communication links between IPM researchers and extension professionals and their clientele to expedite multi-way exchange of information and technology transfer. The Internet particularly the WWW, has opened up a rich array of data resources for IPM research, extension, teaching, and learning that was not as readilyaccessible before the advent of the Internet. The future of IPM delivery systems through the Internet is promising; internet-based information exchange is quickly becoming an absolute requirement for local, regional/areawide, and international implementation of IPM systems.

Construction And Evaluation Of A Point Of Care Computer System (Pccs) To Improve The Efficiency Of A Nursing Information System / 대한의료정보학회지

The purpose of this study was to construct an effective point of care computer system (PCCS) to improve bedside nursing care and integrate it into a nursing information system. The study was based on the System Development Life Cycle. We preliminarily investigated user demands of a Nursing information system (NIS) and then proceeded on to the PCCS Design and Development. At the analysis stage, the nursing units of four general hospitals in the Seoul and the Kyongin areas were compared with G hospital. Sub-programs of the PCCS were customized for G hospital's system. At the PCCS Design stage, a nursing information flowchart was constructed and contents to be used by each PCCS sub-program were selected. At the PCCS Development stage, PCCS sub-programs were developed using the Visual Basic. Fifty-three nurses of six nursing units who used PCCS (on a wireless notebook computer) responded to the questionnaire 3 months after they started using the system. The results of the evaluation were positive. It is believed that this study helped to improve patient service and the efficiency of nursing units in providing bedside nursing care.

Reproducibility and accuracy of tooth size measurements obtained by the use of computer / 대한치과교정학회지

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the availability of computer system for the measurement of tooth size in the model analysis through the comparison of two measurements: One was to use a computer; and the other was to use vernier calipers. Twenty sets of casts were used, which showed a moderate degree of crowding and full eruption of all teeth. The mesio-distal width of 12 teeth from the left central incisor to the left first molar at each set of the casts were measured twice with vernier calipers and a computer respectively. This measurement was repeated two weeks later. First, for the reproducibility analysis, the two computer measurements were compared then the vernier calipers measurements were compared. Second, all the teeth were sepapated into the region of mesiodistal contact points and its width was measured by a micrometer to obtain standard measurements. For the accuracy analysis, these standard measurements were compared with the measurements from the dental casts using two methods. The difference between them was defined as the measurement error. To investigate the cause of measurement error, an examination was made for the presence and degree of contact point deviation on each tooth from the upper and lower occlusograms, and the mesio-distal angulation of each tooth was measured with TARG. Following results were obtained through statistical analysis. 1. In the analysis for reproducibility ; the measurements with vernier calipers showed significant differences in three out of twelve teeth while the computer measurements showed significant differences in one out of twelve teeth. 2. In the analysis for accuracy : compared with the standard measurements, the measurements with vernier calipers showed significant differences in three out of twelve teeth while the compute measurements showed significant differences in two out of twelve teeth. 3. Compared with the standard measurements. the measurements with vernier calipers were apt to be larger at the upper first molar, and smaller at the lower first molar. The computer measurements, however, were apt to be larger at both upper and lower first molars. 4. the measurements with vernier calipers showed the largest error at the lowe first molar and the degree of error was variable according to the tooth while the difference of error was small in the computer measurements. 5. In the analysis for the correlation of the degree of measurement errors with the contact point deviation index and the mesio-distal crown angulation of each tooth, the measurements with vernier calipers did not show significant correlation while th measurements with computer showed slight positive correlations. The results of this study indicate that a computer system may be useful for the measurement of tooth size in the model analysis.

An Attitude Among Personnels About Operation of Computer System in a New Hospitals / 대한의료정보학회지

The purpose of this study is to grasp the attitude among personnels and to investigate the factors influencing the attitude about the operation of computer system in a new hospitals. Data was collected from 234 employees of two general hospital located in Seoul and Kyung-Ki Do, Korea, using a self-administered questionnaire. Self-administered questionnaire were given to study socioeconomic characteristics, the level of knowledge, aptitude, attitude and behavior of computerization about the operation of computer system in a new hospitals. The major findings were as follows; 1. Job position had not statistically significant relationship with the attitude about the operation of computer system. But according to age, sex, aptitude, the level of attitude about the operation of computer system was statistically significant relationships. 2. Generally, those who were had higher period of computer usage and frequency of computer education showed a higher positive attitude about the operation of computer system. Also, those who answers to improve of efficiency and satisfaction of computer system showed a higher positive attitude about the operation of computer system. 3. In the results of multiple regression, the period of computer usage, satisfaction of computer system and sex were significantly related to attitude about the operation of computer system. Also, those with good aptitude were significantly related to attitude about the operation of computer system. However, job position and duration of work was not statistically significant relationship with attitude about the operation of computer system.

An Attitude Among Personnels About Operation of Computer System in a New Hospitals / 대한의료정보학회지

The purpose of this study is to grasp the attitude among personnels and to investigate the factors influencing the attitude about the operation of computer system in a new hospitals. Data was collected from 234 employees of two general hospital located in Seoul and Kyung-Ki Do, Korea, using a self-administered questionnaire. Self-administered questionnaire were given to study socioeconomic characteristics, the level of knowledge, aptitude, attitude and behavior of computerization about the operation of computer system in a new hospitals. The major findings were as follows; 1. Job position had not statistically significant relationship with the attitude about the operation of computer system. But according to age, sex, aptitude, the level of attitude about the operation of computer system was statistically significant relationships. 2. Generally, those who were had higher period of computer usage and frequency of computer education showed a higher positive attitude about the operation of computer system. Also, those who answers to improve of efficiency and satisfaction of computer system showed a higher positive attitude about the operation of computer system. 3. In the results of multiple regression, the period of computer usage, satisfaction of computer system and sex were significantly related to attitude about the operation of computer system. Also, those with good aptitude were significantly related to attitude about the operation of computer system. However, job position and duration of work was not statistically significant relationship with attitude about the operation of computer system.

Computerized Quantative Analysis of Cornary Angiogram in Patients without Coronary Pathology / 대한흉부외과학회지

In the preoperative evaluation before coronary artery bypass surgery, review of the coronary arteriogram is the most important step. Expected "normal" lumen diameter at a given coronary anatomic location is a basis for quantative estimation of coronary disease severity that could be more useful than the traditional "percent stenosis". The distribution and number of major coronary artery branches are determinants of number of bypass grafts needed. We reviewed the coronary artery anatomy in 174 adult patients who revealed no coronary pathology in angiographic studies done from September 1994 to June 1996. Quantative analysis was done in all cases by a single person using a Computerized System (Arripro 35(r)). The results were follows; 1) The mean diametre of left main coronary artery was 4.45 mm (range 2.74~6.72). The pattern of branching was bifurcation in 67.24%, trifurcation in 28.74% and quadrifurcation in 4.02% of the patients. 2) The mean diametre of left anterior descending artery was 3.17 mm (range 2.10~5.85), 2.79 (range 1.55~5.59) and 2.17 mm (range 1.37~3.81) in the proximal, mid, and the distal portions, respectively. The number of diagonal branches of left anterior artery was from one to four (mode=2). 3) The mean diametre of proximal and distal left circumflex artery were 3.17mm (range 1.74~4.89) and 2.19 mm (range 1.21~4.46). The number of obtuse marginal branches of left circumflex artery is from one to six (mode 2). 4) The mean diametre of proximal and distal right coronary artery, the posterior descending artery and the largest posterolateral branch were mean 3.51 mm (range 2.07~5.67), 2.09 mm (range 1.42~3.60), 2.09 mm (range 1.02~3.60) and 2.30 mm (range 1.39~4.39). 5) The right coronary artery dominant was 163 cases (93.68%) of the total 174 cases. 6) The large significant acute marginal artery was visualized in more than half of the people.

Computer-Based Quality Assurance System

The purpose of this study is to demonstrate the usefulness of the computer-based quality assurance (QA) system for achieving a quality-cost trade-off and to demonstrate the validity of the Medical illness Severity Grouping System (MEDISGRPS) for hospital quality assurance. MEDISGRPS stratifies hospital admissions into severity groups according to key clinical findings, a series of laboratory, pathology, radiology, and physical exam results that indicate an abnormal situation. All 16,428 patients admitted to a large teaching hospital during a nine month period were included in the study. The statistical validity of MEDlSGRPS is demonstrated by the direct positive corelation between admission severity and in-hospital mortality and 10th day morbidity rates, as well as between admission severity and total charges, ancillary charges, and length of stay. Empirical examples show how the computer-based QA system provides the information base to establish effectiveness, efficiency, and appropriateness standards, and to identify situations where these standards are not met. The system accurately describes medical practice pattern variations and provides the basis for hospitals to define standards and perform quality assurance.