Human dignity of patients in nursing: A concept analysis

To understand the concept of dignity in care and use it in practice, nurses need a clear understanding of the dignity of patients, which can help them improve quality of care and provide services of a higher standard. This study aims to clarify the concept of human dignity of patients in nursing. Walker and Avant’s method (2011) was used for this concept analysis. Published literature from 2010 to 2020 was identified using national and international databases. The full text of the included articles was reviewed. The main dimensions and attributes include valuing the patient, respecting patients’ privacy, autonomy, and confidentiality, having a positive mental image, having a sense of altruism, respecting human equality, observing patients’ beliefs and rights, adequately educating patients, and paying attention to secondary caregivers. Nurses should consider the subjective and objective aspects of dignity in their daily care activities by cultivating a deeper understanding of the concept of dignity and its attributes. In this regard, nursing tutors, managers, and policymakers in healthcare should emphasise human dignity in nursing.

Conceptual analysis of ICU cognitive impairment: a literature review / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective:To clarify the operational definition of ICU cognitive impairment, so as to provide a reference for accurate assessment of ICU cognitive impairment.Methods:ICU cognitive impairment was conceptually analyzed by the conceptual analysis framework in the Construction Strategy of Nursing Theory (Fifth Edition). The studies about cognitive function of critical illness patients in PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, China National Knowledge Internet, Wanfang, Chinese Biomedical Database, and VIP were searched. The search time limit was from the establishment of the database to August 2021. Literature screening and data extraction were performed independently by two researchers.Results:A total of 5 754 articles were obtained, and 48 articles were finally included. Obtained 20 concepts and 9 commonly used assessment tools related to ICU cognitive impairment. Identifying the defining attributes, conceptual causes, and outcomes of ICU cognitive impairment.Conclusions:The operational definition of ICU cognitive impairment is determined, which is conducive to a comprehensive and intuitive understanding of the concept of cognitive impairment in ICU and accurate evaluation of cognitive impairment in ICU.

Paternal adaptation and role attainment: A concept analysis

@#Becoming a parent is a significant life transition accompanied by various experiences and emotions that may be both fulfilling and rewarding, as well as challenging and stressful for both the mother and father. Mercer's theory of becoming a mother provides a framework for mothers' adaptation and role attainment throughout the perinatal period. However, a theoretical gap exists surrounding fathers' adaptability and role attainment, as fathers are frequently forgotten, and their experiences are overlooked. Although becoming a father can be a rewarding or satisfying experience that results in positive changes in men's lives, some fathers experience concerns and contradictions as a result of a shift in their roles, responsibilities, and social expectations, which result in maladaptation and mental health challenges. Given the significance of fathers in the family, community, and society, this concept analysis aimed to bridge the gap by proposing a theory that will guide fathers in successfully adapting to and reaching a solid role identity. The concept analysis methodology from Walker and Avant (2011) was utilized to define the concept of paternal adaptation and role attainment, attributes, antecedents, consequences, cases, and empirical referents. This paper concludes that perinatal fathers' adaptability and role attainment improve psycho-emotional, cognitive, relational, and behavioral outcomes, improving paternal-maternal-infant quality of life and developmental products when influenced by positive personal resources, adequate family, friends support, and community resources. Given the implications of paternal maladaptation on the family, a theoretical framework for fathers is crucial. Hence, the theory of paternal adaptation and role attainment is proposed.

Friendship in the nursing workplace: A concept analysis

@#Friendships are essential to human function and survival and are one of the many influences affecting health, well-being, and happiness in both personal and professional life. This concept analysis aims to clarify the meaning of friendship among professional nurses by presenting the attributes, antecedents, and consequences of friendship and discussing surrogate terms and model cases.

Concept analysis of self-control in the sexual behaviors of men who have sex with men

Background@#Self-control is an integral concept in understanding the sexual behaviors of men who have sex with men (MSM). It has varying definitions and descriptions which may affect its practical and scientific use. @*Objective@#To examine self-control in the context of MSM's sexual behaviors. @*Methodology@#Walker and Avant's concept analysis method was used to clarify the attributes, antecedents, consequences, and empirical referents of self-control. @*Results@#The attributes of self-control were recognition of sexual impulses, rationalization of sexual perceptions, and regulation of sexual behaviors. The antecedents of self-control were personal drivers, situational experiences, social linkages, and environmental structures. Self-control promotes empowered decision-making toward sexual behaviors and HIV risk reduction. Variations exist in how self-control is conceptualized and measured. @*Conclusion@#Self-control does not automatically mean inhibiting sexual urges and avoiding sexual engagements. It involves a conscious effort to make independent decisions over one's sexual thoughts, emotions, and actions.

La utilización del Método de Análisis de Conceptos para la comprensión del concepto de Autorregulación a el Aprendizaje / A utilização do método de análise de conceitos para a compreensão do conceito de aprendizagem autorregulada / The use of concept analysis method to understand the concept of self-regulation learning

Nas últimas décadas, o termo autorregulação tem sido mencionado em pesquisas de diferentes áreas, entre elas a Educação. Devido a essa crescente utilização, questiona-se: quais são os elementos comuns no conceito de aprendizagem autorregulada apresentados em pesquisas internacionais? Neste estudo foram associados os métodos de revisão integrativa e de análise de conceitos. Na primeira etapa da análise de conceitos foi realizado um levantamento de artigos revisados por pares no Portal de Periódicos da CAPES, resultando em 372 trabalhos que permitiram indicar as áreas de utilização do termo. Na segunda etapa, aplicando os critérios de revisão integrativa, foram selecionados 67 trabalhos na base de periódicos ERIC. Entre os fatores comuns foi possível identificar que o processo de aprendizagem autorregulada inclui planejamento, autonomia, implementação de objetivos, metas e estratégias, controle de emoções, gerenciamento do tempo, valorização do conhecimento e execução de tarefas com êxito.

En las últimas décadas, el término autorregulación ha sido mencionado en investigaciones de distintas áreas, entre ellas la Educación. Debido a esa creciente utilización, se cuestiona: ¿cuáles son los elementos comunes en el concepto aprendizaje autorregulado presentados en investigaciones internacionales? En este estudio se asociaron los métodos de revisión integrativa y de análisis de conceptos. En la primera etapa del análisis de conceptos se realizó una recopilación de artículos revisados por pares en el Portal de Periódicos de la CAPES, resultando en 372 estudios que permitieron indicar las áreas de utilización del término. En la segunda etapa, aplicando los criterios de revisión integrativa, se seleccionados 67 estudios en la base de periódicos ERIC. Entre los factores comunes se identificó que el proceso aprendizaje autorregulado incluye planeamiento, autonomía, implementación de objetivos, metas y estrategias, control de emociones, gerenciamiento del tiempo, valoración del conocimiento y ejecución de tareas con éxito.

In recent decades, the term self-regulation has been mentioned in research in different areas, including Education. Due to this growing use, the question is: what are the common elements in the concept of self-regulation learning presented in international research? In this study, integrative review and concept analysis methods were associated. In the first stage of the concept analysis, a survey of peer-reviewed articles was carried out on the CAPES Periodicals Portal, resulting in 372 articles that allowed indicating the areas of use of the term. In the second stage, applying the integrative review criteria, 67 articles were selected from the ERIC journals. Among the common factors, it was possible to identify that the self-regulation learning process includes planning, autonomy, implementation of objectives, goals and strategies, control of emotions, time management, appreciation of knowledge and successful execution of tasks.

Nurses adaptation to technology towards quality care

@#Concept analysis on adaptation to technology was done to give emphasis to its use in the nursing profession towards quality care. The constant changing environment not to mention the sudden existence of COVID-19 surprised the world alongside with arising technology that led to the idea of adaptation of nurses to meet the patient and/or client's needs. The method used in the concept was the Walker and Avant's approach. This approach is achieved through eight phases: choosing a concept, determining the purpose of analysis, identifying all uses of the concept, defining attributes, identifying a model case, identifying borderline, related, and contrary cases, identifying antecedents and consequences, and defining empirical referents. The attributes of adaptation of nurses were successful interaction of nursing population with the technological environment and changes in function of the Nurse as to get used to daily routine and technology.

Family resilience of cancer patients:a conceptual analysis / 中国实用护理杂志

Object:To explore the concept of family resilience of cancer patients through literature review and provide references for future nursing and interventions in family resilience of cancer patients.Method:Related articles selected from CNKI, Wanfang Data, Vip database, PubMed, Web of Science, Medline and EBSCO were analyzed with Walker and Avant′s concept analysis.Result:We understood the application status of family resilience in domestic and foreign literature and explicit the define attributes of concept. Based on this concept, we analyzed the antecedents and outcome of the concept and in finally make a summary about evaluation indicator.Conclusion:Family resilience of cancer patients has itself peculiarity and growing trend. By analyzing this concept, on the one hand it can contribute to develop and understand the concept in the future and on the other hand it can offer a theoretical framework to implement the interventions of family resilience.

Stigmatization of nurses: A concept analysis

@#For the past months, a new strand of Coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2 has been challenging our health care systems worldwide. Healthcare workers especially nurses are not just at risk of adverse physical symptoms but may suffer from psychological stress. This is one scenario of a stigmatized nurse. The goal of primary care is to improve patients' health, longevity, and quality of life through the provision of patient-centered care. To do so healthcare providers must overcome any stressful activities or circumstances like stigma. This concept focused mainly on a stigmatized nurse. For this concept analysis, the framework of Walker and Avant was used. Definitions of terms are discussed. Cases were also identified for a better representation of the concept. Empirical referents and implications to nursing are also presented.

A concept analysis of role modeling

@#Role modeling is a strategy used to teach attitudes and behaviors. It is a modality that may be consciously and unconsciously executed by the role model. This concept is used interchangeably with mentoring. Thus, requires further clarification and understanding. The Walker and Avant method was adopted as the main tool of analysis in understanding this concept. The identified antecedents of role modeling are the role of aspirants’ ideals and perspectives and the role models' experiences. The attributes that have emerged are facilitating learning, embodiment, inspiring, transforming, reinforcing, connecting, and caring. The consequences are transforming, reinforcing motivation and goals, and the conception of new role models. This implies that role modeling is a cyclical and interactive process. It is continuously constructed both by the role aspirants and role models. Nurse educators, staff nurses, and managers act as the primary role model of neophyte nurses. Thus, they should remain cognizant in their practice. The way they interact with their subordinates greatly influences their role aspirants' motives and ideals, who will later assume the responsibilities of a future role model.

Violencia de género: Un análisis evolutivo del concepto / Gender violence: an evolutionary analysis of the concept

Introducción: Un concepto es una idea acerca de algo o de una acción. Objetivo: Analizar el concepto "Violencia de Género" desde la perspectiva evolutiva de Rodgers. Materiales y métodos: Se utilizó el análisis evolutivo de conceptos mediante revisión de literatura publicada entre los años 2000 y 2018. Criterios de inclusión: Artículos de investigación, de implementación de estrategias, de política, tesis, libros, capítulos de libro y reportes, en las bases de datos Lilacs, Ebsco, SciELO, CINAHL, Web of Science, PubMed, Google Académico; también se incluyeron documentos de organizaciones internacionales, publicados del año 2000 al año 2018, en Español, Inglés o Portugués, y que pertenecieran al contexto iberoamericano. Resultados: La Violencia de género consiste en un fenómeno de orden estructural, social y político; resultado de la discriminación estructural originado por un sistema sexo-género-patriarcado. Se encontraron términos relacionados como inequidad de género, control, relaciones asimétricas y términos subrogados como violencia de pareja, contra la mujer y doméstica. Conclusiones: La violencia de género, constituye una violación a los derechos humanos, afecta la dignidad, la integridad física y moral, la libertad y la autonomía.

Introduction: A concept is an idea about something or an action. Objective: To analyze the concept of "Gender Violence" from the Rodgers' evolutionary perspective. Materials and methods: An evolutionary analysis of this concept was carried out through a review of literature published between 2000 and 2018. The inclusion criteria were: research articles related to implementation of strategies and politics; thesis; books; book chapters; and reports. They were found in the databases of Lilacs, Ebsco, SciELO, CINAHL, Web of Science, PubMed, and Google Scholar. The review also included documents from international organizations published from 2000 to 2018 in Spanish, English or Portuguese, which discussed Ibero-American issues. Results: Gender violence is a phenomenon with structural, social and political dimensions and is caused by the structural discrimination triggered by a sex-gender-patriarchy system. Related terms such as gender inequality, control, asymmetric relationships were found. Likewise, surrogate terms, i.e., violence against intimate partners, women and domestic violence, were also identified. Conclusions: Gender violence constitutes a violation against human rights that affects the dignity, physical and moral integrity, freedom, and autonomy of people.

Sociological consciousness: a concept analysis and implications for occupational therapy / Consciência sociológica: uma analise conceitual e implicações para terapia ocupacional

Abstract This article explores sociological consciousness, a framework of thought proposed by Peter Berger, and its potential value for occupational therapy. This article explores how Berger's four motifs (debunking, unrespectable, relativization, and cosmopolitan) of sociological consciousness can be taught as a process to help occupational therapists frame their thinking when approaching various clients and situations. The current study answers three questions: "What is sociological consciousness?", "Is sociological consciousness valuable?", and "Is sociological consciousness applicable to occupational therapy?" Wilson's method of concept analysis is used to understand this topic and its practical applications to occupational therapy. Using the Wilson method of analysis to break down the components of this concept, compare it to similar and contrary cases, and explore its social context, the findings suggest that sociological consciousness is relevant to occupational therapy and warrants inclusion in practice, research, curriculum, and continuing education. Sociological consciousness adds depth to clinical reasoning and promotes critical thinking and reflection on implicit biases which may negatively influence therapeutic interactions with clients.

Resumo Este artigo explora a consciência sociológica, um quadro de pensamentos proposto por Peter Berger e seu potencial valor para a terapia ocupacional. Este artigo explora como os quatro motivos de Berger de consciência social (desmembramento, desrespeitabilidade, relativização e cosmopolitismo) podem ser ensinados como um processo de apoio aos terapeutas ocupacionais no processo de racionalização da interação com diversos pacientes e situações. O presente estudo responde a três perguntas: "O que é consciência sociológica?", "A consciência sociológica tem valor?" e "A consciência sociológica é aplicável à terapia ocupacional?" A análise conceitual do método de Wilson é utilizada para entender este tópico e suas aplicações práticas à terapia ocupacional. Utilizando o método de análise de Wilson para destrinchar os componentes deste conceito, os resultados sugerem que a consciência sociológica é relevante para a terapia ocupacional e garante inclusão na prática, pesquisa, curriculum e educação continuada. A consciência sociológica agrega profundidade à análise clínica e promove o pensamento crítico e reflexões em desvios implícitos que podem influenciar negativamente as interações terapêuticas com os pacientes.

Self-compassion in nursing: An evolutionary concept analysis

@#COVID-19 pandemic gives a new meaning to self-compassion thinking. Nurses in various fields or settings (e.g., hospital, CoViD19 isolation facility, community) provide care to patients and families who may be suffering and traumatized from the ongoing disease outbreak. Thus, it is necessary to illuminate the concept of self-compassion to respond to the holistic needs of the nurses who are at risk of developing compassion fatigue and burnout. This paper aims to examine the concept of self-compassion as it relates to nursing using simplified Rodgers' (2010) evolutionary concept analysis. Rodger's evolutionary concept analysis is an inductive method of analysis wherein concepts are viewed to develop over time and are highly influenced by the context in which they are used. The data source was a search of literature published from 2010-2020 on CINAHL, Google Scholar, and Health Source: Nursing/Academic Edition. The sifting process is utilized to ensure a comprehensive electronic database search. This evolutionary concept analysis found four attributes of self-compassion in nursing: mindful attention, self-mastery, selfkindness, and shared humanity. Regarding the antecedents of self-compassion, it is necessary to experience suffering, an event, or a traumatic encounter. Consequently, these may result in compassionate care, positive well-being, and quality nursing care. In the nursing context, compassion toward self has been seen to subtle. During the continually evolving Covid-19 pandemic, nurses must be empowered to continuously envisage self-compassion in their daily practice. Frequent practice of compassion towards self can potentially appreciate this way of being in the nursing discipline and the patients, families, or communities for which nurses compassionately care for and serve.

A Concept Analysis on Patient-Centered Care in Hospitalized Older Adults with Multimorbidity / 중환자간호학회지

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to explore the attributes, antecedents, and consequences of patient-centered care (PCC) for older adults with multimorbidity in acute care hospitals.METHODS: The concept analysis performed by Walker and Avant was used to analyze PCC. Fifteen studies from the literature related to PCC appear in systematic literature reviews in the fields of theology, medicine, psychology, and nursing.RESULTS: PCC in acute care hospitals was defined according to the five attributes of ‘maintaining patient autonomy’, ‘empowering self-care’, ‘individualized and relationship-based care’, ‘shared decision-making’, and ‘creating a homelike environment’. Antecedents of PCC were found to be a respect for patients' preferences, qualifications of the nursing staff, care coordination and integration, and organizational support. Consequences of effective PCC were a functional status; health-related quality of life; satisfaction with care, mortality, and medical costs from the perspective of the patient and family; and quality of care and therapeutic relationships from nurses' viewpoints.CONCLUSION: PCC as defined by the results of this study will contribute to the foundation of institutionalization and the creation of a safe and healthy acute care hospital culture focused on patients' preferences and values.

Workload in nursing: a concept analysis / Trabajar en la enfermería: Un análisis de concepto

The process of assigning workload to nurses is significant in promoting high nursing retention rates, and positive patient outcomes. The concept, workload is widely used but there is no clear delineation of the concept as it relates to nursing. The aim of this analysis was to explore the concept of workload, as it relates to nursing using the Walker and Avant method. The analysis revealed: a) three attributes (time, mental state, and assignment); b) four antecedents (health, environment, nursing, and person); c) and three consequences (safety of practice, retention rate and cost). It is essential that nursing leaders create and use a systematic approach to guide the staffing process to create a balance workload. As a result, nursing practice will be safer and optimal patient outcomes will be achieved.

El proceso de asignación de responsabilidad de trabajo a las enfermeras es importante en la promoción de retención de enfermeras y resultados positivos de los pacientes. El concepto de asignación de trabajo es ampliamente utilizado pero no hay ninguna medida especifica del concepto a lo que se refiere al oficio de la enfermera. El objetivo de este análisis fue explorar el concepto de asignación de trabajo, a lo que se refiere a enfermería, utilizando el método de Walker y Avant. El análisis reveló a) tres atributos (hora, estado mental y asignación), antecedentes b) cuatro (salud, entorno, enfermería y persona), c) y tres consecuencias (seguridad de la práctica, la tasa de retención y el costo). Es fundamental que líderes de enfermería crean y utilizan un enfoque sistemático para guiar el proceso de asignación de personal para crear una carga de trabajo equilibrada. Como resultado, será más segura la práctica de enfermería y se mejorarán los resultados de los pacientes

Concept Analysis of Clinical Supervision for Psychiatric Mental Health Nurse Practitioners / 정신간호학회지

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to construct a clear definition of the concept of clinical supervision among psychiatric mental health nurse practitioners (PMHNPs) in South Korea. METHODS: The hybrid model was used to perform concept analysis on supervision. Results from both the theoretical review of 17 studies and a field study interviewing 12 PMHNPs were included in the final process. RESULTS: The concept of supervision was found to have complex features and to consist of multi-dimensional meaning units, with 4 levels (including 11 attributes and 36 indicators). The dimensions and their 11 attributes are suggested as follows: 1) Learning dimension (intensive practice, clinical knowledge and skills, reflective practice), 2) professional support dimension (supervision function, evaluation and feedback, supervisory relationship, autonomy), 3) institutional dimension (supervision framework, policy of clinical supervision), and 4) consequential dimension (ensure the qualities of nursing care, professional development). CONCLUSION: Based on the results, supervision is defined as: “The provision of guidance and feedback on matters of personal, professional, and educational development in the context of a supervisee's experience of providing safe and appropriate nursing care.” The findings in this study provide helpful insights for understanding supervision and practice development.

Ensino de enfermagem: uma análise do conceito segundo o método evolucionário de Rodgers / Nursing education: a conceptual analysis of the evolutionary method of Rodgers

Objective: To analyze "nursing education" using Rodgers' evolutionary conceptual analysis. Method: An analysis was performed based on Rodgers' evolutionary conceptual analysis. Data collection was performed in June 2017 using the following databases: Lilacs, SciELO, Scopus, Cinahl, Web of Science, PubMed and Cochrane with the descriptors "teaching" and "nursing". The year of publication, country of origin, concept, attributes, antecedents, consequences, surrogate terms and related concepts were evaluated in the analysis of the studies. Results: The antecedents and consequences were punctuated in determinant aspects for the construction of the concept of nursing education and characteristics inherent to the training process; surrogate terms address factors of educational follow-up; the attributes of the concept may be related to the fundamentals of the teaching-learning process and resources related to teaching strategies. Conclusion: The concept of nursing education is dynamic and seeks to train professionals so that they can offer adequate care to the patient according to the transformations and needs of different populations.

Objetivo: Analizar el concepto "enseñanza de enfermería" bajo la perspectiva evolucionaria de Rodgers. Método: Análisis de concepto. La recogida de dato fue realizada en junio de 2017, en las bases de datos: Lilacs, SciELO, Scopus, Cinahl, Web of Science, PubMed and Cochrane; descodificadores "enseñanza" y "enfermería". Se evaluó el año de publicación, país de origen, concepto, atributos, antecedentes, consecuentes, términos substitutos y conceptos relacionados. Resultados: Los antecedentes y consecuentes fueron puntuados en aspectos determinantes para la construcción del concepto de enseñanza de enfermería y características inherentes al proceso de formación; los términos substitutos abordan factores del seguimiento educativo; los atributos del concepto pueden ser relacionados con los fundamentos del proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje y recursos referentes a las estrategias de enseñanza. Conclusión: El concepto de enseñanza de enfermería es dinámico y busca formar profesionales capaces de ofrecer una asistencia adecuada al paciente conforme las transformaciones y necesidades de las múltiples poblaciones.

Objetivo: Analisar o conceito "ensino de enfermagem" na perspectiva evolucionária de Rodgers. Método: Análise de conceito baseada no modelo evolucionário de Rodgers. A coleta de dados foi realizada em junho de 2017 nas seguintes bases de dados: Lilacs, SciELO, Scopus, Cinahl, Web of Science, PubMed e Cochrane, mediante o uso dos descritores "ensino" e "enfermagem". Para análise dos estudos, avaliou-se o ano de publicação, país de origem, conceito, atributos, antecedentes, consequentes, termos substitutos e conceitos relacionados. Resultados: Os antecedentes e consequentes foram pontuados em aspectos determinantes para construção do conceito de ensino de enfermagem e características inerentes ao processo de formação; os termos substitutos abordam fatores do segmento educacional; os atributos do conceito podem ser relacionados à fundamentos do processo de ensino-aprendizagem e recursos referentes às estratégias de ensino. Conclusão: Denota-se que o conceito de ensino de enfermagem é dinâmico e busca formar profissionais capazes de oferecer uma assistência adequada ao paciente, conforme as transformações e necessidades das múltiplas populações.

Evolutionary Concept Analysis of Resilience in People with Mental Disabilities / 정신간호학회지

PURPOSE: This study was done to define and clarify the concept of resilience in people who are mentally disabled. METHODS: Rodgers' evolutionary approach to concept analysis was used to identify common attributes, antecedents, and consequences of the resilience of people who have mental disabilities. A literature search of the RISS, Kiss, CINAHL, PubMed, ProQuest, Scopus and PsycArticle databases from 1980 to 2016 was conducted, using the key words of ‘psychiatric disorder resilience’, and ‘mental illness resilience.’ Thirteen relevant articles and one book were finally selected and reviewed in depth. RESULTS: The concept analysis showed that, the attributes of resilience in people with mental disabilities were ‘flexibility’, ‘potentiality’, ‘strengthening’. The antecedents of resilience were psychiatric symptoms and perceived stigma. The consequences of resilience were understood to be recovery. CONCLUSION: The findings in this study indicate that it is important to provide preliminary knowledge necessary for mental health nurses to reinforce resilience in people with mental disabilities. There is also a need to develop a scale to measure resilience in this population.

Concept Analysis of Triage Competency in Emergency Nursing / 중환자간호학회지

PURPOSE: This concept analysis identified attributes and defined triage competency among emergency nurses.METHOD: Walker and Avant's approach was used to guide the concept analysis. A literature review was completed including 26 studies, 5 reports of related associations, and 5 books.RESULTS: The concept of triage competency in emergency nurses was identified as five attributes: clinical judgment, expert assessment, management of medical resources, timely decision, and communication. Antecedents of the concept were triage education and emergency room experience. The consequences of the concept were efficiency of care, patient rating, and safety. Triage competency in emergency nurses was defined as the comprehensive ability to prioritize patients' urgency and allocate limited medical resources.CONCLUSION: This study is meaningful since it clarified triage competency among emergency nurses. The attributes and empirical indicators of this study will likely lay the foundation for development of triage competency metrics.

Concept Analysis of Positive Psychological Capital / 간호행정학회지

PURPOSE: This study was done to clarify the concept analysis of positive psychological capital. METHODS: Walker and Avant's concept analysis process was used in this study. CINAHL, ProQuest, Web of science, NDSL, RISS databases from 2004 to 2016 were searched using the keywords ‘Positive psychological capital’ and ‘PsyCap’. Sixty-one relevant articles and three book were finally selected. RESULTS: Analysis of identified literature indicated that positive psychological capital attributes were developable potential, positive cognition, expression of emotion, multiple psychological capability, and resources with positive effect. The antecedents were goal achievement, training, leader's motivation, and supportive organizational environment. The consequences were overall wellbeing which is composed of individual's physical, psychological and social wellbeing and enhancement of work outcome. CONCLUSION: The findings in this study provide a definition of the concept of positive psychological capital and theoretical evidence for the future research for nurses including program development.