ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES@#Congenital birth defects are the main source of disease burden among children under 5 years old in China. This study aims to compare the trends in disease burden of different congenital birth defects among Chinese children under 5 years old from 1990 to 2019, and to provide a scientific basis for strengthening the comprehensive prevention and control of birth defects.@*METHODS@#Based on data from the Global Burden Disease (GBD) in 2019, the incidence mortality rate, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) rate of congenital birth defects among Chinese children under 5 years old from 1990 to 2019 were selected as evaluation indicators. The Joinpoint regression model was used to analyze the trends in disease burden of different types with congenital birth defects over three decades. The study also compared the differences in disease burden of congenital birth defects among children under 5 years old by gender.@*RESULTS@#Compared to 1990, the DALYs rates of congenital heart anomalies (1 931.91/100 000), digestive congenital anomalies (364.63/100 000), neural tube defects (277.20/100 000), congenital musculoskeletal and limb anomalies (133.33/100 000), and Down syndrome (128.22/100 000) in children under 5 years old in China in 2019 were decreased 70.78%, 71.61%, 86.21%, 36.84% and 73.65%, respectively. From 1990 to 2019, the mortality rates and DALYs rates of different congenital birth defects showed an overall downward trend, but the incidence of digestive congenital anomalies and Down syndrome showed an upward trend after 2005 and 2001, respectively. Except for congenital musculoskeletal and limb anomalies, incidence of the remaining categories of birth defects were higher in boys than that in girls.@*CONCLUSIONS@#The disease burden of congenital birth defects in children under 5 years old in China is decreased substantially from 1990 to 2019, but the burden of congenital heart anomalies is still serious and the incidence of some birth defect diseases is on the rise, and it is still crucial to strengthen the prevention and treatment for birth defects in children and propose targeted measures according to their gender characteristics.
Subject(s)
Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Male , China/epidemiology , Cost of Illness , Down Syndrome/epidemiology , East Asian People , Congenital Abnormalities/epidemiologyABSTRACT
Objective:To analyze the public demands for information about congenital birth defects in “Baidu zhidao” based on word frequency retrieval.Methods:Based on discussion between obstetrics and gynecology experts and epidemiological experts, the key words related to congenital birth defects were determined and the search strategy was formulated. Python 2.7 was used for web crawler search. Questions related to congenital birth defects were obtained on the “Baidu zhidao” platform, and then the R 4.0.2 software was used to process the data, complete the semantic analysis of keywords and statistical analysis of word frequency, and draw word cloud graph and polar chart to describe the key results.Results:A total of 16668 non-repetitive questions were retrieved from “Baidu zhidao” platform, and the frequency of semantic words was 15 371. Among them, 35.02% were the names and symptoms of congenital birth defects. In addition, the frequency of congenital heart disease was the highest (26.09%). The results of subject analysis of key words of birth defects showed that the average word frequency of diagnosis and treatment semantic words (49.55) was significantly higher than that of etiology and prevention semantic words (12.47). In addition, the key words of examination, cause, treatment, development and heredity were more frequently used in the semantic words related to the seven types of systemic malformations.Conclusion:The public in China has a high demand for information on congenital birth defect related diseases, and their causes, prevention and treatment, especially congenital heart disease.
ABSTRACT
Ultrasound (US) is currently contributing to early detection of congenital birth defects (CBDs) but its diagnostic value is not yet systemically assessed. Objectives: To describe the distribution of CBDs among children born at the National Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology from 2001 to 2003 and to assess the effectiveness and diagnostic value of US. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study involving all mothers and their fetuses/newborns with CBDs at the NHOG from Jan 2001 to Dec 2003. Results: The number of fetuses with CBDs detected during the 3 years was 933, accounted for 2.7%. CBDs of the central nervous system and the head-face-neck area accounted for 36.2%; followed by abdominal organs (33.0%), bones and extremities (17.0%), thorax (9.0%) and others. The percentage of CBDs detected at gestational age from 12 to 23 weeks has increased two-fold from 2001 to 2003. Conclusions: The percentage of CBDs detected during the 3 years was 2.7%, with CBDs of the central nervous system and the head-face-neck area accounted for 36.2%; followed by abdominal organs (33.0%), bones and extremities (17.0%), thorax (9.0%). US played the 1st role leading to suspicion of CBDs (39.7%). For fetuses less than 32 weeks, 2-D and 3-D US have diagnostic values of more than 97%.