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Resumen Introducción: El objetivo principal de este trabajo es conocer la interrelación entre la percepción de los climas empowering y disempowering generados por los entrenadores (nivel equipo) con la satisfacción y frustración de las necesidades psicológicas básicas, y estas, a su vez, con las intenciones de continuar y abandonar la práctica deportiva (nivel individual) en jóvenes deportistas. Método: Participaron 251 deportistas mexicanos (M = 13.22, DT = 1.28) pertenecientes a 19 equipos. Se les aplicó una batería de cuestionarios para la recolección de datos y se realizó un análisis multinivel de ecuaciones estructuradas. Resultados: El modelo de ecuaciones estructurales reveló asociaciones positivas entre las percepciones de climas empowering desde una perspectiva grupal sobre la satisfacción de necesidades psicológicas básicas y de estas sobre las intenciones de continuar la práctica deportiva desde una perspectiva individual, así como entre las percepciones de un clima disempowering sobre la frustración de las necesidades psicológicas básicas y de estas sobre las intenciones de abandono. Conclusión: Los hallazgos de este estudio sugieren en un nivel aplicado que el clima empowering actúa como catalizador del bienestar psicológico y como protector de la aparición de frustración, mientras que el clima disempowering facilita el desarrollo de respuestas psicológicas desadaptativas en el deporte.
Abstract Introduction: The main objective of this work is to know the interrelation between the perception of empowering and disempowering climates generated by coaches (team level) with basic psychological needs satisfaction and frustration, and these in turn, with the intentions to continue and abandon sports practice (individual level) in young athletes. Method: 251 Mexican athletes participated (M = 13. 22, SD = 1.28) belonging to 19 teams. A battery of questionnaires was applied for data collection and a multilevel structured equation analysis was performed. Results: The structural equation model revealed positive associations between perceptions of empowering climates from a group perspective on the satisfaction of basic psychological needs and of these on intentions to continue practicing sports from an individual perspective; as well as between perceptions of a disempowering climate on the frustration of basic psychological needs and of these on intentions to drop out. Conclusion: The findings of this study suggest at an applied level that the empowering climate acts as a catalyst of psychological well-being and as a protector against the occurrence of frustration, while the disempowering climate facilitates the development of maladaptive psychological responses in sport.
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Resumen Una alternativa de desarrollo profesional docente son las comunidades profesionales de aprendizaje (CPA), espacio formativo altamente valorizado y respaldado por creciente evidencia. Un ámbito escasamente abordado son los factores contextuales e institucionales asociados a las CPA. Para indagar en ellos se analizaron dos CPA compuestas por educadoras de párvulos. Mediante un estudio de caso, se entrevistaron, grupal e individualmente, educadoras y representantes institucionales. Los hallazgos destacan la gestión, coordinación de procesos, visión y planeamiento estratégico como aspectos relevantes, junto a procesos reflexivos que acompañan la evolución de las CPA. Se discuten las convergencias y divergencias de ambos casos, así como las implicancias teóricas y prácticas.
Abstract An alternative for teacher professional development is Professional Learning Communities (PLC), a space highly valued and supported by evidence. An area rarely addressed are the contextual and institutional factors associated with PLCs. In order to investigate them, two PLCs composed of early childhood teachers were analyzed. Through a case study, teachers and institutional representatives were interviewed, as a group and individually. The findings highlight management, process coordination, vision and strategic planning as relevant aspects, along with reflective processes that accompany the evolution of PLCs. The convergences and divergences of both cases are discussed, as well as the theoretical and practical implications.
Resumo Uma alternativa de desenvolvimento docente são as comunidades profissionais de aprendizagem (CPA), espaço de formação altamente valorizado e respaldado por crescente evidência. Um âmbito pouco abordado são os fatores contextuais e institucionais associados às CPA. Para conhecê-los melhor foram analisadas duas CPA compostas por educadoras de pré-escolares. Por meio de um estudo de caso foram entrevistados, em grupo e individualmente, educadoras e representantes de instituições. Os achados destacam a gestão, coordenação de processos, visão e planejamento estratégico como aspectos relevantes, além dos processos de reflexão que acompanham a evolução das CPA. São discutidas as convergências e as divergências de ambos os casos, bem como as implicações teóricas y práticas.
Résumé Communautés d'apprentissage professionnel (CAP) sont une alternative pour le développement professionnel des enseignants; un espace de formation très apprécié et attesté par un nombre croissant d'indices. Les facteurs contextuels et institutionnels associés aux CAP sont rarement abordés. Afin de mieux les connaître, deux CAP d'enseignants de maternelle ont été analysés. Grâce à une étude de cas, des éducateurs et des gestionnaires ont été interrogés, en groupe et individuellement. Les résultats mettent en évidence la pertinence de la gestion, de la coordination des procédés, de la vision et de la planification stratégique outre celle des processus de réflexion qui accompagnent l'évolution des CAP. Les convergences et divergences des deux cas sont discutées, ainsi que les implications théoriques et pratiques.
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Resumen Objetivo: Identificar la forma en que se han desarrollado los procesos de inducción al personal de enfermería en un hospital de la Caja Costarricense del Seguro Social (CCSS). La inserción al campo laboral, genera necesidades al nuevo trabajador, en cuanto a ajustarse a su rol y a la institución en la cual se va a desempeñar, por lo que requiere un tiempo para adaptarse a su nueva condición y adquirir las destrezas que el puesto requiere, lo cual es conocido como proceso de inducción. Materiales y métodos: Se trató de un estudio retrospectivo exploratorio que pretendió conocer cómo se han desarrollado los procesos de inducción del personal de enfermería a nivel hospitalario. La población estuvo constituida por 184 funcionarios del personal de Enfermería de un hospital de la Caja Costarricense del Seguro Social. La muestra fue de 25 funcionarios por conveniencia. La investigación consideró cinco dimensiones básicas de los aspectos que deben ser incluidos en los procesos de inducción. Resultados: Existen carencias significativas en los procesos de inducción a nivel hospitalario, desde la presentación del equipo de trabajo, hasta orientación en rutinas y labores administrativas sustanciales para el buen ejercicio de la práctica profesional. Conclusiones: Se evidenció la necesidad de retomar los procesos de inducción, como el espacio para que el profesional que ingresa adquiera las destrezas técnicas y organizativas, de modo que ejecute mejor su rol en la institución y brinde un cuidado de mayor calidad con transmisión de conocimiento desde el profesional experimentado hacia el novato.
Abstract Objective: To identify the way in which the induction processes have been developed for the nursing staff in a hospital of the Costa Rican Social Security Fund. The insertion into the labor field generate needs for the new worker in terms of adapting to his role and the institution in which he is going to play, so it requires time to adapt to his new condition and acquire the skills that the position requires. Which is known as the induction process. Materials and methods: This is an exploratory retrospective study, that aims to know how the induction processes of nursing personnel have been developing at the hospital level. The population was formed by the staff of nurses of a hospital of the Costa Rican Social Security Fund (CCSS). The sample was for convenience. The research considered five basic dimensions of the aspects that should be included in the induction process. Results: There are significant deficiencies in the processes of induction at the level of this hospital of the CCSS, from the presentation of the work team, to orientation in routines and administrative tasks substantial for the good exercise of the professional practice. Conclusions: The need was evident to retake the induction processes, as the space for the professional who enters acquires the technical and organizational skills, so that he performs his role better in the institution and provides a higher quality care with knowledge transmission from the experienced to the novice professional.
Resumo Objetivo: Identificar a forma como os processos de integração de enfermagem foram desenvolvidos num hospital Costarricense de Seguraba Social (CCSS). A inserção no trabalho gera necessidades de adaptação para o trabalhador no que se relaciona com o seu papel e com a instituto na qual vai desempenhar as suas fun9oes, por isso o tempo é importante para se adaptar a sua nova condição e adquirir as habilidades que o cargo requer. Este processo é denominado de integração. Materiais e métodos: Realizou-se um estudo exploratorio retrospectivo que procurou conhecer como são desenvolvidos os processos de integração dos enfermeiros no hospital. A população foi constituida por 184 enfermeiros pertencentes a um hospital da Caixa Costarriquenho do Seguraba social. A amostra considerada de conveniência foi composta por 25 enfermeiros. A pesquisa considerou cinco dimensões básicas de aspectos considerados fundamentais no processo de integração. Resultados: Existem falhas importantes nos processos de integração a nivel hospitalar, tais como a apresentação da equipe de trabalho, a orientação nas rotinas e tarefas administrativas substanciais para o bom exercício da prática profissional. Conclusões: Evidenciou-se a necessidade de reconsiderar os processos de integração, como um espaço para que o profissional possa adquirir as habilidades técnicas e organizacionais, de modo a desenvolver eficazmente o seu papel na instituição e prestar cuidados de qualidade com a transmissão do conhecimento de um profissional experiente para um iniciado.
Résumé Objectif: Identifier le déroulement des processus d'induction du personnel infirmier dans un hópital de la Caja Costarricense del Seguro Social (CCSS). L'insertion dans le domaine du travail génere des besoins pour le nouveau travailleur en termes d'adaptation a son róle et a l'institution ; il lui faut donc un certain temps pour s'adapter a sa nouvelle condition et acquérir les compétences requises pour occuper le poste, ce qui correspond au processus d'induction. Matériaux et méthodes: Une étude exploratoire rétrospective a été réalisée pour connaitre comment se sont déroulés les processus d'induction du personnel infirmier au niveau hospitalier. La population était constituée de 184 membres du personnel infirmier d'un hópital de la Caja Costarricense del Seguro Social. Un échantillon de commodité de 25 personnes a été sélectionné. La recherche a porté sur cinq dimensions essentielles des aspects qui doivent etre inclus dans les processus d'induction. Résultats: Les processus d'induction au niveau hospitalier présentent des lacunes importantes, depuis la présentation de l'équipe de travail jusqu'a l'orientation dans les activités routinieres et les taches administratives essentielles pour une pratique professionnelle correcte. Conclusions Il a été mis en évidence la nécessité de reconsidérer les processus d'induction, en tant qu' espace destiné a l'acquisition de compétences techniques et organisationnelles pour que le nouvel employé remplisse mieux son role dans l'institution et fournisse des soins de meilleure qualité, ceci grace a la transmission des connaissances du professionnel expérimenté au novice.
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Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of pulsative flushing and continuous flushing for peripheral venous catheter.Methods By retrieving Cochrane Library,ProQuest Research Library,PubMed,Web of science,Ovid,Embase and CINAHL complete(EESCO),China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI),Wanfang,Weipu,and China Biology Medicine disc (CBMdisc) to find the randomized controlled trials (RCT) and clinical controlled trials(CCT) that been applied to compare pulsative flushing and continuous flushing for peripheral venous catheter,and using Revman5.3 soft for a Meta-analysis.Results There were thirteen studies which had involved 1 679 patients.The Meta-analysis' results as follows:The pulsative flushing was superior than continuous flushing indecreasing intravenous catheter's blockage (P ＜ 0.01),and had prolonged more time than continuous flushing in retaining catheter (P ＜ 0.01).The two flushing methods were similar in reducing phlebitis (P＞ 0.05).Conclusions The pulsative flushing was superior to the continuous one in reducing the intravenous catheter's blockage and prolonging the catheter's times.There were similar in decreasing phlebitis.The pulsative flushing method was used with caution in chronic diseases such as angiocardiopathy.
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<p><b>Introduction: </b>To determine the requirement (s) that enables the elderly living on an isolated island to continue living on their familiar island. </p><p><b>Methods: </b>The annual reports on the internal migration in Japan derived from the basic resident registers of the Ministry of Internal Affairs were organized. A questionnaire survey and interviews were conducted with members of the resident welfare division of the village office of Chibu Village, Oki-gun, Shimane Prefecture, and the answers were qualitatively analyzed.</p><p><b>Results: </b>A large number of persons of advanced age have moved out from Oki Island. The destinations have varied by year and included places outside Shimane Prefecture. There were no hospitalization facilities or nursing homes in Chibu Village. The only establishment that provided nursing services was the social welfare council. Available home care services were only home-visit care and visiting care. The most common place of death was hospitals outside the island. The communities were characterized by strong ties and mutual assistance among people in the neighborhood, which supported the lives of aged members.</p><p><b>Conclusions: </b>For persons of advanced age living on an isolated island to continue living in their familiar area, it was found necessary to improve the system for receiving people of advanced age who require nursing, and enhance the link between the government and residents to maintain mutual assistance activities among residents.</p>
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Objective To explore the assessment and intervention categorized for patients with permanent colostomy′s continue nursing problem based on the Omaha system. Methods Developing permanent colostomy′s continue nursing problem assessment form in the framework of Omaha system, using this assessment form to evaluate 46 patients′continue nursing problem and choose appropriate interventions. Results A total of 46 patients on the day of discharge had a total of 260 continue nursing problems. There were 5.7 nursing problems averagely for every patient. Incidence of more than 50%of the nursing problems had personal care, role change, mental health, sleep and rest, digestion- hydration and social; potential continue nursing problems was 90. There were 1.97 nursing problems averagely for every patient. The main potential continue nursing problems were two, respectively was colostomy complications and colostomy surrounding skin complications. Continue nursing intervention had a total of 727. There were 15.8 continue nursing interventions averagely for every patient. The most frequent interventions were for physiological and psychosocial domain. Conclusions Omaha Question Classification System can fully assess permanent colostomy′s continue nursing problem andset corresponding nursing intervention strategiesaccording to Omaha intervention system. More attention should be paid to psychosocial and health-related behavior problem. The most frequent interventions were health education, guidance, counseling and monitoring.
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Objective@#To explore the psychological distress status of HIV-infected pregnant women and analyze the possible influencing factors.@*Methods@#A total of 483 HIV-infected pregnant women were enrolled for this study by a cluster random sampling method from Sept. 2014 to Apr. 2017. Participants completed questionnaires including Distress Thermometer (DT), Berger HIV Stigma Scale (BHSS), HIV/AIDS Stress Scale (SS-HIV), Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS) and general questionnaire.@*Results@#The detection rate of psychological distress was 68.1%, the detection rates of moderate, severe and extreme psychological pain were 49.7%, 17.6% and 0.8% respectively. The detection rate of continuing pregnancy (75.2%) was higher than the termination pregnancy (56.4%), the difference was statistically significant (χ2=18.44, P<0.01). There were significant differences in the detection rates between continuing pregnancies at different gestational ages (χ2=15.41, P<0.01), and the termination pregnancy varies little with pregnancy (χ2=0.03, P>0.05). The mean DT score was 4.85 ± 1.82. The score of continuing pregnancy (5.94 ± 1.73) was higher than the termination pregnancy (4.20 ±1.96), the difference was statistically significant (t=4.57, P<0.01). Logistic regression analysis showed that CD4+ T lymphocyte count, infection route, perceived discrimination, related stress and social support were the common influencing factors of all pregnant women, factors affecting continuing pregnancy also include high risk pregnancy and gestational age.@*Conclusions@#HIV-infected pregnant women have higher incidence of psychological distress. The influencing factors are mainly related to the infection characteristics, pregnancy characteristics, BHSS, SS-HIV and SSRS, and has nothing to do with the general social demographic characteristics. The DT can be used as a screening tool to quickly identify psychological distress of the group.
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Objective To explore the effects of the multidisciplinary cooperative continue nursing on the quality of life of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Methods From December 2012 to December 2014, hospitalized COPD patients who were in the stable stage of disease and would soon be discharged and met the criteria standards were chosen. Convenient extraction of 64 patients were set as the experimental group in one ward and 50 patients as the control group in the other ward. The conventional discharge guidance was employed in the control group. While the continuation of care before discharge and 1, 3, 6 months after discharge was employed in the experimental group. The indexes such as the quality of life and 6 min walking test distance (6MWD) were observed and compared. Results The total scores and symptoms, activities, influence scores of the quality of life were 48.53±15.78, 35.38± 18.61, 57.95 ±23.69, 52.28 ±15.27 after 6 months intervention in the experimental group and 60.24 ±10.14, 52.76 ±12.36, 68.34 ±15.59, 58.55 ±11.79 in the control group, and there were significant differences (t=-5.69--2.38, P<0.05). 6MWD was (267.46 ±64.64) m after 6 months intervention in the experimental group,which was more than that before intervention (169.42±48.46) m, and there was significant difference (t=-9.71, P<0.01). 6MWD was (201.32±53.93) m after 6 months intervention in the control group, which was not significantly better than that in the experimental group (t=5.82, P<0.01). Conclusions The quality of life of patients with COPD can be significantly improved by the multidisciplinary cooperative continue nursing education after discharge.
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Objective To investigate and observe the influence degree of continue nursing for the self -effi-cacy and compliance of patients with coronary heart disease.Methods 90 patients with coronary heart disease were selected as the research subjects,and 90 cases were divided into control group(conventional nursing of coronary heart disease group) 45 cases and observation group(continue nursing group) 45 cases by the method of random number table.Then,the self -efficacy,treatment compliance and satisfaction degree for the nursing of the two groups before the nursing and at first,second and fourth week after the nursing were compared.Results The self -efficacy and treatment compliance of the two groups before the nursing had no significant differences (all P >0.05),while the very high rates of the observation group's self -efficacy at first,second and fourth week after the nursing were 40.00%, 57.78% and 77.78% respectively,the higher rates of treatment compliance were 64.44%,84.44% and 97.78%respectively,the total satisfaction rates for the nursing were 97.78%,100.00%,100.00% respectively,which were all higher than those of the control group(all P <0.05),the differences were significant.Conclusion The influence of continue nursing for the self -efficacy and compliance of patients with coronary heart disease are more active,and it is more definitely to the patients,so the nursing mode is more suitable to patients with coronary heart disease.
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este estudo tem por objeto "implicações das estratégias de ensino-aprendizagem experienciadas por enfermeiros nos Programas de Educação Continuada" e objetivos: descrever as estratégias de ensino-aprendizagem desenvolvidas em Programas de Educação Continuada, sob a ótica dos enfermeiros e Analisar as implicações destas em Programas de Educação Continuada para os enfermeiros. Como referencial teórico, utilizei os conceitos: formas simbólicas, transmissão, análise cultural e ideologia de John Thompson. ...
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Humans , Education, Nursing , Education, Nursing, Continuing , Professional TrainingABSTRACT
Objective To explore the effect of application of continue performance test (CPT) in screening of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder( ADHD ). Methods Thirty-five children with ADHD and65 normal children had been applied with CPT and Conner questionnaire test. Used rank sum test to examine the outcome, established receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, analyzed the most valuable index among various data, formulated abnormal critical value, and carried on a consistency check between CPT screening outcome and clinical diagnosis outcome. Results Each CPT index of 35 children with ADHD was obviously higher than those of normal children(P＜ 0.05 ). Most indexes' area under the ROC curve exceeded 0.7, reactive time of VST was the highest among each index which achieved 0.915. It was high conformity between CPT screening outcome and clinical diagnosis outcome (Kappa = 0.935 ). Conclusion CPT can be applied in ADHD screening.
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Objective To explore continuous renal replacement therapy(CRRT) machine for plasma exchange in critical disease in children.Methods Retrospective study of 8 patients(8 month to 14 years,mean 5.7 years) and 32 plasma exchange treatments,after(adowble) lumen catheter inserted into the subclayian venous,using the Baxter BM25 machine with commercially available plasma filters.Results Five patients(3 ABO-incompatibility in bone marrow transplantation,1 thrombotic thrombocytopaenic purpura TTP,1 sepsis) gained full recovery.One systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE) and 1 sepsis experienced moderate improvement while 1 case of acute disseminated encephalomyelitis failed PE treatment.The average total exchange volume was 80-100 mL/kg,achieved at a blood flow rate of 5-10 mL/(kg?min) and a turnover rate of 60-120 mL/(kg?h) over a 3-hours duration.Thirty-one PE treatments were finished smoothly,one of which experienced the serious complication involving plasma filter.Conclusion Plasma exchange therapy is a safe and effective procedure for severe autoimmune abnormalities and pathogen removal in children.