Efficacy of copper sulphate on candida albicans on heat-polymerized acrylic resin / Eficacia del sulfato de cobre sobre candida albicans en resinas acrílicas de termocurado

The ageing of population is increasing, and a great percentage of these patients wear removable prostheses, and can suffer denture stomatitis, a condition that has been associated with candidiasis. Aims: To evaluate in vitro the effectiveness of Copper Sulfate against Candida albicans in samples of heat-polymerized acrylic resin, compared to nystatin, sodium hypochlorite and chlorhexidine. Materials and Methods: Initially, the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of copper sulfate for Candida albicans was determined by microdilution. Then, 54 resin samples were divided into 6 treatment groups corresponding to Nystatin 100.000 UI, Sodium Hypochlorite 0.5%, chlorhexidine 0.12%, Copper Sulfate 4.7µg/ml, Copper Sulfate 9.4µg/ml and physiological saline solution, in which samples were submerged for 6 hours. Resin samples were then washed and cultured on solid media at 37°C for 72 hours. The number of colony-forming units was determined using a Quebec colony counter. The statistical analysis was performed using the Kruskal-Wallis test and the Mann-Whitney U test. Results: Copper sulfate at a concentration of 9.4µg/ml presented a similar effectiveness as the other control products regarding the reduction in the number of colonies of Candida albicans post-treatment. Conclusion: The effectiveness of copper sulfate against Candida albicans on acrylic resin was similar to that of nystatin, sodium hypochlorite and chlorhexidine.

En las últimas décadas se ha observado un aumento de la población de adultos mayores, de los cuales un gran porcentaje es portador de prótesis removible, y dos tercios pueden sufrir estomatitis subprotésica, enfermedad que es asociada a infecciones como candidiasis. Objetivo: Evaluar la efectividad antimicótica in vitro del sulfato de cobre en placas de resinas acrílicas de termocurado inoculadas con Candida albicans, frente a Nistatina, Hipoclorito de Sodio y Clorhexidina. Material y Métodos: Inicialmente, y mediante microdilución del sulfato de cobre, se determinó la concentración mínima inhibitoria (CMI) para Candida albicans. En la fase experimental, 54 muestras de resina se dividieron en 6 grupos correspondientes a Nistatina 100.000 UI, Hipoclorito 0.5%, Clorhexidina 0.12%, Sulfato de Cu 4.7µg/ml, Sufato de Cu 9.4 µg/ml y suero fisiológico. Las muestras fueron sumergidas en estos agentes por 6 horas, para posteriormente ser lavadas y cultivada en medios solidos a 37°C por 72 horas. Luego se realizó el conteo de unidades formadoras de colonias mediante contador tipo Quebec. El análisis estadístico se realizó mediante la prueba de Kruskal-Wallis y la prueba U de Mann-Whitney. Resultado: El sulfato de cobre a una concentración de 9.4µg/ ml presentó una efectividad similar a los otros productos, en la reducción de colonias de Candida albicans. Conclusión: La efectividad del sulfato de cobre contra Candida albicans fue semejante a la de Nistatina, Hipoclorito y Clorhexidina.

The comparative analysis on effects of two methods for blood screening before blood donation / 国际检验医学杂志

Objective To investigate the practical application values of copper sulfate method and hemocyte analyzer in blood do‐nation screening .Methods A total of 1 500 blood samples of donors were randomly collected and determined by using both copper sulfate method and hemocyte analyzer .Taking hemocyte analyzer as the reference method ,the sensitivity and specificity of copper sulfate method for detecting hemoglobin(Hb) were calculated .The overall detection rates of abnormal blood samples determinded by the two methods were calculated ,as well .Statistical comparisons were performed on the test data from both methods .Results A total of 29 donors(accounted for 1 .9% ) with unacceptable Hb value were found by using copper sulfate method .For all blood do‐nors ,the sensitivity and specificity of copper sulfate method for Hb screening before blood donation was 99 .7% and 82 .8% ,respec‐tively .And there were no statistically significant differences in sensitivity and specificity between the two methods for Hb estima‐tion(P>0 .05) .There were 336 donors with abnormal blood samples detected by using hemocyte analyzer .Taking hemocyte analy‐zer as the reference method ,only 8 .6% of donors with abnormal blood samples were screened out by using copper sulfate method . Conclusion The copper sulfate method could be used for Hb screening before blood donation .While because of its limitations ,such as relatively low specificity and inadequate screening items ,the hemocyte analyzer shoud be utilized before blood donation if the con‐ditions permit .

Ex vivo effect of copper sulfate on Enterococcus faecalis in root canals / Efecto ex vivo del sulfato de cobre sobre Enterococcus faecalis en canales radiculares

The incomplete disinfection of root canal system has been reported as the main cause of post-treatment disease, due to the persistence of bacteria. For over thirty years Enterococcus faecalis has been considered the most common bacterial species isolated from persistent root canal infections, resisting antibacterial agents, such as chlorhexidine and calcium hydroxide. Several studies have indicated that copper has optimal disinfecting capacities in a hospital environment. Aimed to know the ex vivo effect of copper sulfate (CuSO4) on E. faecalis. Thirty-six extracted human tooth root canals were inoculated with E. faecalis ATCC 29212. These root canals had undergone endondontic procedures with a rotatory system. The effect of CuSO4 was determined by plate count method of E. faecalis obtained from one sample of each tooth under three incubation times (4th, 7th and 10th day). The canals medicated with CuSO4, the bacterial count decreased 6 log after 4 days and remained as such without statistically significant change until the tenth day. It is an indisputable fact of its antibacterial action. The bacterial persistence may be due to the ability of E. faecalis to remain viable in root canals up to 12 months without additional nutrients. These preliminary results couldbe used for further scientific work assessing the potential for the use of cooper in dentistry.

La desinfección incompleta del sistema de canales radiculares ha sido reportada como la principal causa de infección post tratamiento, debido a la persistencia bacteriana. Por más de 30 años, Enterococcus faecalis se ha considerado una de las especies bacterianas más comunes aisladas de infecciones persistentes del canal radicular, resistiendo a agentes antibacterianos, como clorhexidina e hidróxido de calcio. Varios estudios han indicado que el cobre tiene una capacidad de desinfección óptima en un entorno hospitalario. Con el objetivo de conocer el efecto ex vivo de sulfato de cobre (CuSO4) sobre E. faecalis. Treinta y seis canales radiculares de dientes humanos extraídos fueron inoculados con E. faecalis ATCC 29212. Estos canales radiculares fueron previamente sometidos a instrumentación con un sistema de rotación. El efecto de CuSO4 se determinó por el método de recuento en placa de E. faecalis a partir de una muestra de cada diente en tres tiempos de incubación (4, 7 y 10 días). En los canales medicados con CuSO4, el recuento de bacterias se redujo 6 log después de 4 días y se mantuvo como tal sin cambio estadísticamente significativo hasta el día 10. Esto demuestra su poder antibacteriano. La persistencia bacteriana pudo ser deberse a la capacidad de E. faecalis para seguir siendo viable en canales hasta 12 meses sin nutrientes adicionales. Estos resultados preliminares podrían ser utilizados para otros trabajos científicos que evaluen el potencial uso de cobre en odontología.

Change of CTR1 Expression after Round Window Niche Copper Sulfate and Cisplatin Infusion / 听力学及言语疾病杂志

Objective To study the expression of copper transport protein 1 in the inner ear of rat and the changes of CTR1 expression after those round window niche copper sulfate and cisplatin infusion .Methods 24 male wistar rats were randomly divided into 4 groups :Group I as the normal control group (nontreatment group);Group II as the round window niche cisplatin infusion group(0 .5 mg/ml);Group III as the round window niche cisplatin infusion group (1 mg/ml);group IV as the round window niche copper sulfate infusion (0 .02 mg/kg) .The CTR1 protein was detected by the immunohistochemical (IHC) otaining and Western-blot ,and the CTR1mRNA expres‐sion levels were detected by RT -PCR .Results The expression of CTR1 protein was observed in the cytoplasm and cell membrane of Corti organ cells ,spiral ganglion cells and stria vascularis in all groups .The average optical densi‐ties of CTR1 protein was a downward trend .The expression of CTR1 protein was observed in four different groups . The optical density analysis of CTR1 showed that the optical densities were 0 .532 ± 0 .031 ,0 .394 ± 0 .024 ,0 .234 ± 0 .030 and 0 .191 ± 0 .015 ,respectively .There was a downward trend ,and there were statistically differences among the groups (P<0 .05) .The CTR1 mRNA was observed in all groups .The optical density analysis of CTR1 mRNAshowed that the optical densities were 0 .508 ± 0 .035 ,0 .391 ± 0 .022 ,0 .240 ± 0 .02 and 0 .186 ± 0 .021 ,respective‐ly .It had a downward trend and were statistically differences among the groups (P<0 .05) .Conclusion The CTR1 protein was abundantly expressed in Corti organ ,spiral ganglion cells and stria vascularis of the cochlea .The round window cisplatin and copper sulfate infusion can change the expression of CTR1 proteins in inner ear .

Acute Respiratory Failure due to Fatal Acute Copper Sulfate Poisoning: A Case Report

Copper sulfate is a copper compound used widely in the chemical and agriculture industries. Most intoxication occurs in developing countries of Southeast Asia particularly India, but rarely occurs in Western countries. The early symptoms of intoxication are nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and abdominal cramps, and the most distinguishable clue is bluish vomiting. The clinical signs of copper sulfate intoxication can vary according to the amount ingested. A 75-year old man came to our emergency room because he had taken approximately 250 ml copper sulfate per oral. His Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score was 14 and vital signs were blood pressure 173/111 mmHg, pulse rate 24 bpm, respiration rate 24 bpm, and body temperature 36.1degrees.... Arterial blood gas analysis (ABGa) showed mild hypoxemia and just improved after 2 L/min oxygen supply via nasal cannula. Other laboratory tests and chest CT scan showed no clinical significance. Three hours later, the patient's mental status showed sudden deterioration (GCS 11), and ABGa showed hypercarbia. He was arrested and his spontaneous circulation returned after 8 minutes CPR. However, 22 minutes later, he was arrested again and returned after 3 minutes CPR. The family did not want additional resuscitation, so that he died 5 hours after ED visit. In my knowledge, early deaths are the consequence of shock, while late mortality is related to renal and hepatic failure. However, as this case shows, consideration of early definite airway preservation is reasonable in a case of supposed copper sulfate intoxication, because the patients can show rapid deterioration even when serious clinical manifestation are not presented initially.

Utilización de sulfato de cobre para la elaboración de un jabón líquido antiséptico / Use of cooper sulphate for production of antiseptic liquid soap

INTRODUCCIÓN: las manos poseen un papel importante en la transmisión de infecciones en instituciones de salud, entornos industriales como la industria alimentaria y en toda la comunidad, por lo que su higiene no puede pasar desapercibida. Los jabones líquidos son actualmente una herramienta fundamental para la limpieza de las manos y así también evitar la transmisión de agentes patógenos. OBJETIVO: evaluar la efectividad del sulfato de cobre como agente antiséptico en un jabón líquido y caracterizar el producto mediante controles de calidad. MÉTODOS: se evaluó la capacidad antiséptica del jabón líquido mediante el método de dilución en agar y la disminución del crecimiento bacteriano a través de una variación del recuento por microgota, a tiempos 1, 5 y 10 min. Posteriormente se realizaron controles fisicoquímicos, microbiológicos, prueba de parche y estudios de estabilidad en estantería y acelerada durante 6 meses. RESULTADOS: las cepas Staphylococcus aureus, Staphyloccus epidermidis, Escherichia coli, Pseudomona aeruginosay Klebsiella pneumoniae fueron sensibles a una concentración de 0,5 por ciento de sulfato de cobre. El crecimiento bacteriano en las cepas S. aureus y S. epidermidis mostró una reducción considerable en los tiempos 5 y 10 min a concentraciones de 0,3 y 0,5 por ciento de sulfato de cobre. El producto elaborado cumplió con los criterios de calidad establecidos, el cual mantuvo su estabilidad durante el tiempo de estudio. CONCLUSIONES: es posible elaborar un jabón líquido en base a sulfato de cobre como agente antiséptico, al ser eficaz frente a las cepas estudiadas(AU)

INTRODUCTION: the hands play a significant role in the transmission of infections at health institutions, industrial environments such as the food industry and at the community; therefore, hand hygiene cannot be ignored. Liquid soaps are now a fundamental tool for hand cleaning and prevention of pathogen transmission. OBJECTIVE: to evaluate the effectiveness of copper sulfate as an antiseptic agent in a liquid soap and to characterize the product by using quality controls. METHODS: aliquid soap was developed, in which its antiseptic capacity was evaluated through the agar dilution method and the reduction of bacterial growth by using a variant of microdrop counting at 1, 5 and 10 minutes. Then physicochemical and microbiological controls were performed, as well as patch test and shelf life and accelerated stability studies for six months. RESULTS: Staphylococcus aureus, Staphyloccus epidermidis, Escherichia coli, Pseudomona aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumoniae were susceptible to 0.5 percent copper sulfate concentration. Bacterial growth showed considerable reduction in S. aureus and S. epidermidis strains at 5 and 10 minutes at copper sulphate concentrations of 0.3 and 0.5 percent. The finished product met the quality criteria for this type of product, maintaining its stability during the study period. CONCLUSIONS: it is possible to produce a copper sulfate-based liquid soap as an antiseptic since it was effective to control the studied strains(AU)

Genome-Wide Identification and Characterization of Novel Laccase Genes in the White-Rot Fungus Flammulina velutipes

The aim of this study was to identify and characterize new Flammulina velutipes laccases from its whole-genome sequence. Of the 15 putative laccase genes detected in the F. velutipes genome, four new laccase genes (fvLac-1, fvLac-2, fvLac3, and fvLac-4) were found to contain four complete copper-binding regions (ten histidine residues and one cysteine residue) and four cysteine residues involved in forming disulfide bridges, fvLac-1, fvLac-2, fvLac3, and fvLac-4, encoding proteins consisting of 516, 518, 515, and 533 amino acid residues, respectively. Potential N-glycosylation sites (Asn-Xaa-Ser/Thr) were identified in the cDNA sequence of fvLac-1 (Asn-454), fvLac-2 (Asn-437 and Asn-455), fvLac-3 (Asn-111 and Asn-237), and fvLac4 (Asn-402 and Asn-457). In addition, the first 19~20 amino acid residues of these proteins were predicted to comprise signal peptides. Laccase activity assays and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction analyses clearly reveal that CuSO4 affects the induction and the transcription level of these laccase genes.

Antimicrobial evaluation of copper sulfate (II) on strains of Enterococcus faecalis: in vitro study / Evaluación antimicrobiana del sulfato de cobre (II) sobre cepas de Enterococcus faecalis: estudio in vitro

Introduction: Controlling Enterococcus faecalis is of vital importance in endodontics, as this pathogen is associated with endodontic failure. Experimental evidence has shown that copper has antibacterial activity against other pathogens with similar characteristics. The objective of this study was to determine the antimicrobial activity of copper (II) or cupric (SC-II) sulfate on strains of Enterococcus faecalis and to compare it with the most commonly used antimicrobials. Methodology: We used 33 strains of Enterococcus faecalis isolated from different clinical pictures in different Chilean hospitals. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of SC-II, chlorhexidine and calcium hydroxide was determined by the broth microdilution technique, following the recommendations given by the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. Results: The MIC for CHX varied in the range of 5-10 ug/ml; SC-II from 1.5 to 12 ug/ml, and HC was >32 mg/ml. The geometric mean of SCII was 6 ug/ml, lower than that of CHX, which was 7.29 ug/ml. Conclusions: SCII showed antimicrobial activity at lower concentrations than CHX. HC (which could have been affected by the buffer effect of the broth microdilution technique) showed high values, not comparable to other compounds. We suggest carrying out further studies on the properties of SC-II, such assessing its biocompatibility and reaction with other materials to be used clinically in endodontic therapy.

Introducción: El control de Enterococcus faecalis es de vital importancia en endodoncia, ya que este patógeno está asociado al fracaso endodóntico. Evidencias experimentales que han demostrado que el cobre presenta actividad antibacteriana en otros patógenos de similares características. El objetivo de este estudio es determinarla actividad antimicrobiana del sulfato de cobre (II) o cúprico (SC-II) sobre cepas de Enterococcus faecalis y compararla con los antimicrobianos más usados en la actualidad. Metodología: Estudio in vitro. Se utilizó la técnica de microdilución en caldo según lineamientos del Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute, incluyendo 33 cepas de Enterococcus faecalis obtenidas desde hospitales chilenos, para cada una de las cuales se determinó las concentraciones mínimas inhibitorias (CMI) de: SC-II, Clorhexidina (CHX) e Hidróxido de calcio (HC). Resultados: La CMI para CHX tuvo un rango de 5-10 ug/ml, el SC-II de 1,5-12 mM y el HC fue >32 mg/ml. Estas diferencias fueron estadísticamente significativas entre los 3 antimicrobianos utilizados (p<0,001).Conclusiones: El SC-II mostró actividad antimicrobiana a bajas concentraciones, superiores a CHX, pero menores a HC (que pudo ser afectado por el efecto tampón de la técnica de microdilución en caldo). Se sugiere seguir con los estudios de las propiedades del SC-II, como evaluación de biocompatibilidad y reacción con otros materiales para ser utilizados clínicamente en la terapia endodóntica.

Sanitizer residues in the milk of cows which had passed through footbaths / Resíduos de sanitizantes em vacas de leite após passagem por pedilúvio

Copper sulfate and sodium hypochlorite are used in footbath solutions for the prevention and treatment of bovine digital diseases; however, data on the residues of such elements in milk are sparse in Brazil. This study evaluated the cost of applying the footbath treatment and the total amount of copper and chlorite residues in the milk of healthy cows after they had passed through these footbath solutions. Two groups of 7 cows each (GI and GII) were studied. In the case of GI, 1% sodium hypochlorite was used and for GII 5% copper sulfate was employed in the footbath. The milk samples were collected before the 7-day footbath treatment period (M0) and 24 h (M1), 48 h (M2), 72 h (M3) and 15 days (M15) after the last footbath. Statistical analysis to compare the different samples within each group was carried out by applying Friedman's test, followed by Dunn's test (p<0.05). It was concluded that the amount of total chlorites and copper in the milk of healthy cattle after routine daily footbaths for a period of 7 days presented some variations. However, the concentrations observed were considered insufficient to represent a risk to human health. The cost of the footbath solutions was found to be reasonable.

O sulfato de cobre e o hipoclorito de sódio são empregados na prevenção e tratamento das enfermidades digitais dos bovinos, mas os valores residuais desses elementos foram pouco estudados. Neste estudo, avaliou-se a presença de resíduos de cobre e cloretos totais no leite de vacas saudáveis após passagens dos animais em pedilúvio contendo soluções formuladas com estas substâncias e estimou-se os custos das soluções. Utilizou-se 14 vacas saudáveis distribuídas em dois grupos (GI e GII) de sete animais cada. Em GI, empregou-se solução de hipoclorito de sódio a 1% e, em GII, sulfato de cobre a 5%. As amostras de leite foram colhidas antes da passagem pelo pedilúvio (M0), após 24 (M1), 48 (M2) e 72 (M3) horas, além de 15 dias (M15) subsequentes à última passagem. Na análise estatística, a comparação entre momentos dentro de cada grupo foi realizada com teste de Friedman, seguido pelo teste de Dunn's (p<0,05). Concluiu-se que os valores de cloretos totais e de cobre no leite de bovinos saudáveis, após passagens diárias dos animais em pedilúvio por um período de sete dias, apresentaram algumas variações consideradas insuficientes para provocarem danos à saúde humana e as soluções medicamentosas não apresentaram custos exorbitantes.

A fatal case of copper sulfate poisoning.

Copper sulfate or ‘blue vitriol’ is commonly used as a herbicide and fungicide. It is cheap and easily available, and can also be easily prepared in the laboratory. We report a fatal case of suicidal poisoning by copper sulfate by a pregnant adult female. Although medical treatment was instituted, the fatality ensued. Histopathological examination revealed hepatosplenomegaly and evidence of septic abortion. Chemical analysis of viscera confirmed copper sulfate poisoning. This case is being reported on account of its rarity, the victim being a pregnant woman.

A Case of Corrosive Esophagogastritis after Copper Sulfate Ingestion / 대한소화기내시경학회지

Copper sulfate ingestion is a rare cause of corrosive gastrointestinal injury in the Republic of Korea. In developing countries, copper sulfate is chiefly used for agricultural purposes as a pesticide and in the leather industry. It is also used in school science classes in the form of bright blue crystals. Copper sulfate is a powerful oxidizing agent that is corrosive to mucous membranes. Concentrated solutions are acidic, with a pH of 4. We report a case of corrosive gastritis and esophagitis due to accidental copper sulfate ingestion in a 12-year-old boy.

Effect of copper sulfate on oxygen consumption and haemolymph sugar level in the freshwater male crab barytelphusa gureini.

Barylelphusa gureini, a fresh water male crab was exposed to sub-lethal concentration (1ppm) of copper sulfate, and the oxygen consumption and haemolymph sugar level of the animal were estimated to study the stress caused by this heavy metal toxicant. These animals are abundantly found in the outskirts of Pune district of Maharashtra State, mainly in and around paddy fields. They were brought to the laboratory from their natural habitat, and first subjected to acclimatization to the laboratory conditions. They were subsequently exposed for 0, 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours to the toxicant, and the total oxygen consumption was studied by Winkler's method, and the haemolymph sugar level was estimated by Enthrone method. In the present study, total oxygen consumption showed a gradual declining trend from 0 to 96 hours in the experimental animals exposed to copper sulfate, while the haemolymph sugar level recorded an elevation, with maximum increase at 48 hours.

Removal of Low Concentration Formaldehyde in Indoor Air by Chemisorption Using Copper Sulfate / 环境与健康杂志

Objective To research the removal of the low concentration of formaldehyde in the indoor air by using copper sulfate.Methods The low concentration of formaldehyde(10.0 mg/L)in the indoor air was determined by the way of MBTH spectrophotometry.The influence of pH,chelon and concentration on the removal of different concentration formaldehyde was investigated by the way of chemisorption.Results When pH was 11.99,12.86,13.08 and 13.42,using copper sulfate,the removal rate of 10.0 mg/L formaldehyde was 43.82%,62.75%,69.21% and 73.40% respectively.When the concentration of copper sulfate was at 3.0 g/L,5.0 g/L,7.0 g/L and 10.0 g/L,the removal rate was 51.43%,73.40%,66.36% and 62.18% respectively in the condition of pH=13.42.When used potassium sodium tartrate and EDTA as the ehelon,pH=13.42,concentration of copper sulfate was 5.0 g/L,the removal rate of 2.0 mg/L formaldehyde was 77.21% and 62.51% respectively,that of 10.0 mg/L formaldehyde was 86.54% and 73.40% respectively,that of 100.0mg/L formaldehyde was 96.71% and 91.32% respectively.Conclusion Using potassium sodium tartrate as the chelon,at pH=13.42,5.0 g/L copper sulfate can produce a good removal efficiency for indoor low level formaldehyde.

Studies with the copper sulfate specific gravity method of blood analsis: II. comparison with a standard method and a micro method of hemoglobin determination

1. Hemoglobin values obtained on 60 blood samples with the CuSO(4) specific gravity method showed no significant difference from parallel determinations using Ponders a of Wongs standard method2. Evelyns micro method of hemoglobin determination gave significantly higher results than those obtained by the CuSO(4) specific gravity method and the modified Wongs method3. The nomogram devised by Van Slyke et al. is applicable to the Filipino subjects in this study. (Conclusions)

Studies with the copper sulfate specific gravity method of blood analysis: I. hemoglobin, hematocrit and plasma protein values of normal Filipino students

1. Hemoglobin, hematocrit and plasma protein values calculated from the specific gravities of plasma and whole blood determined by the copper sulfate method in 85 normal male and 30 normal female Filipino students are reported2. The mean hemoglobin is 15.78 +/- 0.97 Gm./100 ml. for males; 13.83 +/- 0.70 Gm./100 ml. for females. The mean hematocrit value is 46.63 +/- 2.84 volume % (cells) for males and 40.97 +/- 2.24 volume % (cells) for females. The mean plasma protein concentration is 7.44 +/- 0.40 Gm./100 ml. for males and 7.41 +/- 0.31 Gm./100 ml. for females, with a mean of 7.435 +/- 0.38 Gm./100 ml. for all subjects3. The values obtained in this study are compared with values previously reported for normal Filipino adults and with values given by foreign authors for normal adults of other races4. The fact that our hemoglobin and plasma protein values are higher than any reported by previous workers on Filipino adult subjects indicates the need at present for a re-evaluation of our physiologic standards. (Summary)

Studies with the copper sulfate specific gravity method of blood analysis: III. comparison of hematocrit values with Wintrobes method and a micro method of determination

1. The results of hematocrit values of 44 healthy Filipino adults determined by the copper sulfate specific gravity method, Wintrobes method, and the micro method of Natelson et al. were presented2. The hematocrit values obtained by the copper sulfate specific gravity method showed no statistically significant difference from those obtained by Wintrobes method. The nomogram by Van Slyke et al. has been proved valid for the healthy Filipino adults in this study3. The hematocrit values obtained by the micro method of Natelson et al. were significantly higher than those obtained by Wintrobes and the copper sulfate specific gravity method. (Conclusions)

Cytogenetic Toxic Effects of Copper Sulfate on Root Tip Cells of Zea mays L / 环境与健康杂志

Objective To investigate the cytogenetic toxic effects of copper sulfate on root tip cells of Zea mays L.Methods The root tip cells of Zea mays L were treated by copper sulfate as mutagen at the doses of 0.05,0.10,0.25,0.50,1.00 g /L for 24 hours.The mitotic index,the micronucleus rate and the chromosome aberration rate of tip cells of Zea mays L were measured.Results Compared with the negative control group,the micronucleus rates and the mitotic index in 0.05,0.10,0.25,0.50,1.00 g /L groups and the chromosome aberration rates in 0.05,0.10,0.25,0.50 g /L groups increased significantly(P

Effect of Pentobarbital on Experimental Brain Edema in Rabbit

This study was undertaken to identify the effect of pentobarbital on the traumatic brain edema in the rabbit by measuring the regional specific gravity with modified serial copper sulfate method. After delivery of brain injury on the frontal area, the animals were sacrificed at 30 minutes, 2 hours, 4 hours and 6 hours. And the regional specific gravity was taken in the frontal lobe, occipital lobe, basal ganglia, cerebellum, pons and medulla. The specific gravity after administration of pentobarbital(40mg/kg) in the head-injured rabbit was also taken with the same method and compared with the specific gravity in the absence of pentobarbital to identify the effect of pentobarbital on the brain edema. The results were summarized as follows: 1) The brain edema was peak at 4 hours after head trauma. 2) Significant increase of specific gravity was noted in all regions at 30 minutes, 2 hours and 4 hours after administration of pentobarbital. The findings were similar to both contused and uncontused sides. But all specific gravity data were decreased in all regions at 6 hours. 3) The decrease in brain water content was peak at 30 minutes after administration of pentobarbital, but almost brain water content was reversely increased at 6 hours. These results suggest that the pentobarbital was effective in decreasing the brain edema.