ABSTRACT
El escorbuto es una enfermedad causada por la deficiencia de vitamina C o ácido ascórbico. Sus manifestaciones clínicas son variadas debido a que esa vitamina es un cofactor de enzimas que intervienen en numerosos procesos, como la síntesis de colágeno y la absorción de diferentes nutrientes. La expresión cutánea característica son las petequias foliculares con pelos en cuello de cisne y en tirabuzón. El compromiso mucoso se manifiesta como hipertrofia y hemorragia gingival, gingivitis y pérdida de piezas dentarias. El diagnóstico es clínico y puede confirmarse mediante la determinación de la vitamina C plasmática o leucocitaria. El tratamiento se basa en el aporte suplementario de esa vitamina. Se presenta el caso de un paciente de 32 años con escorbuto debido a una dieta casi exclusivamente a base de harinas y carente de frutas y verduras. (AU)
Scurvy is a disease caused by vitamin C deficiency (also called ascorbic acid). Its clinical manifestations are varied because this vitamin is a cofactor of enzymes that take part in numerous processes, such as the synthesis of collagen and the absorption of different nutrients. Cutaneous expression of scurvy is follicular petechiae with corkscrew hairs. Mucous involvement manifests as gingival hypertrophy and bleeding, gingivitis and loss of teeth. The diagnosis of this entity is clinical and can be confirmed by plasma or leukocyte vitamin C dosing. The treatment consists of vitamin C supplementation. We present a 32-year-old male patient with scurvy secondary to a diet based almost exclusively on flour and lacking in fruits and vegetables. (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Young Adult , Scurvy/diagnosis , Ascorbic Acid/therapeutic use , Scurvy/therapy , Vitamins/therapeutic useABSTRACT
Abstract Tinea incognito resulting from corticosteroid abuse is becoming very common in the tropics. Its diagnosis is tricky owing to its confusing morphology, as well as practical and technical issues associated with mycological tests. Dermoscopy has now evolved as a novel diagnostic tool for diagnosing tinea incognito in such challenging situations, since the typical hair changes such as Morse-code hairs, deformable hairs, translucent hairs, comma and cork screw hairs, and perifollicular scaling may be seen despite steroid use, irrespective of mycological results.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Young Adult , Tinea/pathology , Tinea/diagnostic imaging , Dermoscopy/methods , Tinea/etiology , Adrenal Cortex Hormones/adverse effects , Hair/pathologyABSTRACT
The nutcracker esophagus, also known as corkscrew esophagus, describes the abnormally segmented appearance of the esophagus in cases of esophageal spasm, displayed in the double contrast study. Normally the primary peristalsis extends through the esophagus like a coordinated contraction and relaxation wave. In the esophageal spasm multiple segments contract simultaneously and there is an alteration of the normal relaxation. Symptoms include chest pain, dysphagia, or both.
El esófago en cascanueces, también conocido como esófago en sacacorchos, describe la apariencia anormalmente segmentada del esófago en los casos de espasmo esofágico, visualizada en el estudio con doble contraste. Normalmente el peristaltismo primario se extiende a través del esófago como una onda coordinada de contracción y relajación. En el espasmo esofágico múltiples segmentos se contraen simultáneamente y hay una alteración de la relajación normal. Los síntomas incluyen dolor en el pecho, disfagia o ambos.