ABSTRACT
Resumen: Las fístulas coronarias son una comunicación anómala directa entre las arterias coronarias y las cavidades cardíacas o alguno de los vasos sanguíneos próximos al corazón. Son poco comunes, con una incidencia angiográfica entre 0,1%-2%. Dependiendo de la magnitud de robo coronario, pueden ser asintomáticas o causar cuadros clínicos graves con alta repercusión funcional, como isquemia miocárdica, insuficiencia cardíaca congestiva, endocarditis, infecciones recurrentes del aparato respiratorio o en casos raros hipertensión pulmonar. Se presenta el caso de una paciente con fístulas coronarias que ocasionaron isquemia miocárdica por robo de flujo coronario con importante repercusión clínica y hemodinámica. El diagnóstico definitivo se llevó a cabo mediante intervencionismo coronario percutáneo y dadas las características anatómicas de las fístulas, se determinó tratamiento médico.
Summary: Coronary fistulas are an anomalous direct communication between the coronary arteries and one of the four cardiac cavities or one of the blood vessels near the heart, are uncommon with an angiographic incidence between 0.1% - 2%, and, depending of the magnitude of coronary steal, they may be asymptomatic or cause severe clinical symptoms with high functional repercussion, such as myocardial ischemia, congestive heart failure, endocarditis, recurrent respiratory infections or, in rare cases, pulmonary hypertension. We present a case of a female patient with coronary fistulas that caused myocardial ischemia due to coronary flow steal with important clinical and hemodynamic repercussions. The definitive diagnosis was made through percutaneous coronary intervention and given the anatomical characteristics of the fistulas, medical treatment was determined.
Resumo: As fístulas coronarianas são uma comunicação anômala direta entre as artérias coronárias e uma das quatro cavidades cardíacas ou um dos vasos sanguíneos próximos ao coração; são incomuns com uma incidência angiográfica entre 0,1% - 2% e, dependendo da magnitude do roubo coronariano, podem ser assintomáticos ou causar sintomas clínicos graves, com alta repercussão funcional, como isquemia miocárdica, insuficiência cardíaca congestiva, endocardite, infecções respiratórias de repetição ou, em raros casos, hipertensão pulmonar. Apresentamos um caso de uma paciente com fístulas coronarianas que causaram isquemia miocárdica por roubo de fluxo coronariano com importante repercussão clínica e hemodinâmica. O diagnóstico definitivo foi feito por meio de intervenção coronariana percutânea e, dadas as características anatômicas das fístulas, foi determinado tratamento médico.
ABSTRACT
Coronary artery fistula is an unusual anomaly in elderly patients that consists of a communication bet- ween one of the coronary arteries and other cardiac chambers or veins. It causes many cardiac compli- cations due to hemodynamic changes, and thus has recognized its clinical significance. It occurs usually in congenital origin, but also occurs secondarily in traumatic or neoplastic or artherosclerotic coronary diseases. Congenital coronary artery fistula is a very rare congenital anomaly that results in multiple hemodynamic complications. It has reported rarely in elderly patients, that induces myocardial ischemia due to coronary steal syndrome and heart failure that caused by diastolic volume overload via a left to left shunt. We observed a 68-year-old male patient with exertional chest pain and dyspnea, in whom selective coronary angiography revealed abnormal reticular communication between left anterior descending artery and left circumflex artery and drained to left ventricle through multiple microfistulous channels. We report this patient case who complicated by myocardial ischemia and left ventricular failure those caused by hemodynamic complication due to multiple coronary artery-left ventricular fistulae.
Subject(s)
Aged , Humans , Male , Arteries , Cations , Chest Pain , Coronary Angiography , Coronary Disease , Coronary Vessels , Dyspnea , Fistula , Heart Failure , Heart Ventricles , Heart , Hemodynamics , Myocardial Ischemia , VeinsABSTRACT
Coronary artery fistula is an unusual anomaly in elderly patients that consists of a communication bet- ween one of the coronary arteries and other cardiac chambers or veins. It causes many cardiac compli- cations due to hemodynamic changes, and thus has recognized its clinical significance. It occurs usually in congenital origin, but also occurs secondarily in traumatic or neoplastic or artherosclerotic coronary diseases. Congenital coronary artery fistula is a very rare congenital anomaly that results in multiple hemodynamic complications. It has reported rarely in elderly patients, that induces myocardial ischemia due to coronary steal syndrome and heart failure that caused by diastolic volume overload via a left to left shunt. We observed a 68-year-old male patient with exertional chest pain and dyspnea, in whom selective coronary angiography revealed abnormal reticular communication between left anterior descending artery and left circumflex artery and drained to left ventricle through multiple microfistulous channels. We report this patient case who complicated by myocardial ischemia and left ventricular failure those caused by hemodynamic complication due to multiple coronary artery-left ventricular fistulae.
Subject(s)
Aged , Humans , Male , Arteries , Cations , Chest Pain , Coronary Angiography , Coronary Disease , Coronary Vessels , Dyspnea , Fistula , Heart Failure , Heart Ventricles , Heart , Hemodynamics , Myocardial Ischemia , VeinsABSTRACT
In general, coronary steal is defined as a fall in blood flow toward a certain vascular region in favor of another area during arteriolar vasodilatation. The coronary artery fistulae is an unusual abnormality in the general population, but is the most common abnormality of the coronary arteries that are ED: Either the ARTERIES ARE hemodynamically significant, or the ABNORMALITY IS hemodynamically significant. Hemodynamically significant. We experienced a 58-year-old male patient with intermittent chest pain at rest. Coronary angiography showed coronary artery fistulae on the LCX and RCA and retrograde flow from the LAD to LCX. Retrograde flow caused coronary artery steal syndrome on LAD territory. A stress/rest MIBI myocardial scan showed reversible ischemia on the LAD territory. He underwent an operation for the coronary artery fistulae, and has since been doing well without chest pain.