ABSTRACT
RESUMEN Introducción: La enfermedad por coronavirus (COVID-19) ha causado una de las mayores pandemias conocidas al día de la fecha. La Sociedad Argentina de Cardiología (SAC) y la Federación Argentina de Cardiología (FAC) elaboraron el primer Registro Argentino de Complicaciones Cardiovasculares en pacientes con COVID-19 (RACCOVID-19), con el propósito de relevar, a nivel nacional, su impacto en la evolución hospitalaria de estos pacientes. Objetivos: Documentar la aparición de complicaciones cardiovasculares en pacientes internados por COVID-19 y evaluar predictores de riesgo de dichas complicaciones y su impacto pronóstico. Material y Métodos: Se incluyen datos de 2750 pacientes en 50 centros de 11 provincias del país, desde el 18 de mayo hasta el 31 de octubre de 2020. Resultados: La edad promedio fue de 57±18 años y hubo predominio de sexo masculino (60,2%). La tasa de complicaciones cardiovasculares fue del 15,3%. La insuficiencia cardíaca (43,5%), las arritmias (33,5%) y el daño miocárdico (31,1%) fueron las complicaciones más frecuentes. La mortalidad fue del 19,3%. Un modelo de predicción de sobrevida en la etapa hospitalaria incluyó las siguientes variables: edad, sexo masculino, valores de hematocrito y creatinina al ingreso, existencia de antecedentes patológicos, formas de presentación de COVID-19 graves y presencia de complicaciones cardiovasculares. Conclusiones: El registro RACCOVID-19 mostró una tasa de complicaciones cardiovasculares del 15,3%. La mortalidad total del registro fue del 19,3% y las complicaciones cardiovasculares junto con otras variables de presentación, así como la gravedad del cuadro clínico de COVID-19, forman parte de un perfil de riesgo clínico asociado a mayor mortalidad.
ABSTRACT Background: Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has caused one of the largest pandemics known to date. The Argentine Society of Cardiology (SAC) and the Argentine Federation of Cardiology (FAC) have developed the First Argentine Registry of Cardiovascular Complications in COVID-19 patients (RACCOVID-19) with the purpose of performing a nationwide review of their impact in the in-hospital evolution of these patients. Objectives: The aim of this study was to record cardiovascular complications in hospitalized patients for COVID-19, and to evaluate risk predictors of these complications and their prognostic impact. Methods: A total of 2750 patients from 50 centers in 11 provinces of the country were included from May 18 to October 31, 2020. Results: Mean age was 57±18 years, with a prevalence of male gender (60.2%). Cardiovascular complications occurred in 15.3% of cases. Heart failure (43.5%), arrhythmias (33.5%) and myocardial injury (31.1%) were the most relevant complications. Mortality was 19.3%, and a predictive model of in-hospital survival included age, male gender, admission hematocrit and creatinine, history of previous diseases, severe forms of COVID-19 presentation and cardiovascular complications. Conclusions: The RACCOVID-19 registry showed 15.3% of cardiovascular complications. Overall mortality was 19.3% and cardiovascular complications together with other presentation variables as well as the clinical severity of COVID-19, are part of a clinical risk profile associated with higher mortality.
ABSTRACT
The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the causative agent of the extremely communicable viral infection coronavirus disease 19 (covid-19). Initially the virus was found at Wuhan, china which spread across the world exponentially and in a very short span. This outbreak has turned out to be a global health crisis and recently WHO regarded it as pandemic. The origin of the virus is predicted as either the natural selection in animal host prior to the transfer of the pathogen from animals to humans or the natural selection in humans and following transfer. Nevertheless, there is an extensive spread of virus by human to human transfer in the form of droplets. A few antiviral drugs are at the stage of clinical trials to eradicate the covid-19. In this review, a comprehensive approach is put forth to scrutinise the etiology, pathogenicity and transmission of SARS CoV-2. The review also deliberates broadly on the diagnosis and status of therapeutic treatment developed. It also focuses on the preventive and controlling measures from different sectors of the society. The review covers the details reported in 70 studies which were chosen after keyword searches carried out leading to over 884 resulting articles.
ABSTRACT
@#The coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) has become a global pandemic of acute respiratory disease in just less than a year by the middle of 2020. This disease caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), has resulted in significant mortality especially among the older age population and those with health co-morbidities. In contrast, children are relatively spared of this potentially ravaging disease that culminates in the acute respiratory distress syndrome, multi-organ failure and death. SARS-CoV-2 infection induces exuberant release of pro-inflammatory mediators, causing a “cytokine storm” and hypercoagulable states that underlie these complications. The SARS-CoV-2 infection median incubation is 5.1 days, with most developing symptoms by 11.5 days. It is highly infectious, spreading via the horizontal mode of transmission, but there is yet very limited evidence of vertical transmission to the newborn infant occurring either transplacentally or through breastfeeding. This said, various immune factors during childhood may modulate the expression of COVID-19, with the multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) at the severe end of the disease spectrum. This article gives an overview of the SARS-CoV-2 infection, clinical presentation and laboratory tests of COVID-19 and correlating with the current understanding of the pathological basis of this disease in the paediatric population.