La medicina cosmética y su relación con el acto médico: cuál es la obligación del médico? / Cosmetic medicine and medical practice: what is the physician’s obligation?

Cada vez con mayor frecuencia, personas normales solicitan a sus médicos tratamientos con fármacos o intervenciones quirúrgicas para modificar diferentes aspectos físicos o mentales, que consideran que en ellos constituyen deficiencias. Las indicaciones en este ámbito se han denominado “medicina cosmética”. Debido a la magnitud, cantidad de recursos que se destinan con estos fines y a las consecuencias que eventualmente pueden tener para las personas, esta nueva circunstancia en medicina debe ser considerada como una materia importante dentro de la salud pública. Es necesario tener presente que un clínico no tiene la obligación de proporcionar un tratamiento que no esté médicamente indicado ante este tipo de requerimientos. No obstante, se debe considerar que el límite entre el estar enfermo y los estados no patológicos, algunas veces, no es claro incluso para los médicos expertos. Por este motivo en algunos casos la indicación resulta éticamente aceptable. Cuando se decide hacer una indicación dentro de estas circunstancias, se requiere de la adopción de precauciones especiales. Una de ellas es una decisión compartida y muy bien informada, entre el médico y el solicitante.

Increasingly often, normal people ask their doctors for drug treatments or surgical interventions to modify various physical or mental aspects, under the idea that they constitute shortcomings. This type of request-based indication has been called "cosmetic medicine". Due to the magnitude, amount of resources allocated for these purposes, and the consequences that these interventions may entail for the patients, this new medical circumstance must be viewed as an important public health issue. It must be remembered that a clinician has no obligation to provide treatment upon request that is not medically indicated. Notwithstanding, it must be taken into account that the boundary between being ill or not, sometimes may be fuzzy even to medical experts. For this reason in some cases, the indication may be ethically acceptable. When the decision is made to indicate treatment under these circumstances, special precautions must be adopted. The decision must be shared between the physician and the patient-requester, who must be very well informed.

Cosmetic medicine of a bio-psycho-social model:theoretical analysis and designs of a clinical work system / 中华医学美学美容杂志

Objective To establish a cosmetic medicine bio-psycho-social model and its theory frame and a new clinical work system. Methods The clinical observation and clustering analysis were used in this study, which based on the modern medicine patterns to carry on the logical proof, theory derivation and systematic design. Results The bio-psycho-social model of cosmetic me dicine with combination of the theory and practice was established, including its concept, theory constitution and clinical work system. Conclusion The bio-psycho-social model of cosmetic medicine can most scientifically and comprehensively explain this discipline rule and clinical work, and it will bring the profound influence on the development of the theory and practice in cosmetic medicine.