Evaluación de impacto de las intervenciones de prevención en clientes / Assessment of the impact of prevention interventions in customers

Las prestaciones preventivas son fundamentales para prevenir accidentes laborales. Sin embargo, hasta ahora la Mutual (ACHS) en que se realiza el estudio no contaba con una metodología sistemática para su evaluación. Este trabajo presenta una metodología desarrollada por la organización (mutual) para evaluar las intervenciones preventivas, la cual está basada en Brodersen, K. H., Gallusser, F., Koehler, J., Remy, N., & Scott, S. L.1 Para cada empresa-sucursal se estiman los accidentes que habrían ocurrido de no haberse realizado intervenciones preventivas. Esta serie se compara con la serie real, y se calcula si son diferentes al 95 por ciento de confianza. De ser efectiva, se utiliza en un modelo de regresión lineal que estima el efecto marginal por tipo de intervención. Los supuestos de Brodersen et al.¹ se cumplen en la Mutual, justificando su utilización. Los resultados señalan que la "Capacitación sin propuesta Push", "Plan de acción del modelo preventivo" y "Primeros auxilios psicológicos" tienen efectos significativos en la reducción de accidentes. La "Capacitación con propuesta Push" y "Fuerza de tarea" no muestran efectos significativos. Estos resultados varían según el sector económico. Nuestra recomendación es adoptar esta metodología. También sugerimos implementar metodologías complementarias, para validar su idoneidad.

Preventive services are essential to prevent accidents. However, until now the Mutual did not have a systematic methodology for evaluation. This paper presents a methodology developed by the Mutual to evaluate preventive interventions. It is based on Brodersen, KH, Gallusser, F., Koehler, J., Remy, N., & Scott, SL (2013). For each company-branch, it was estimated accidents that may have occurred if preventive interventions would not have been performed. This series is compared to the actual series, and it is estimated if it is different to 95 percent of confidence. To be effective, it is used in a linear regression model that estimates the marginal effect by type of intervention. Brodersen et al.¹ Assumptions are met in the Mutual, justifying its use. The results indicate that "no proposal Training Push", "preventive action plan model" and "Psychological first aid" have significant effects in reducing accidents. "Training with proposal Push" and "task force" does not show significant effects. These results vary depending on the economic sector. Our recommendation is to adopt this methodology. We also suggest implementing complementary methodologies to validate their suitability.

Effects of Environmental Factors on Population Health:Measurement and Assessment / 环境与健康杂志

Objective To establish a new method for assessing the effects of environmental factors on human health.Methods Based on the environment part of the frame for comparative risk assessment(CRA) of WHO,the frame and index system for environmental contamination risk assessment which accorded with the situation in China was developed.With the prevalence of different exposure level,RR and the choice of counterfactual scenario,the potential impact fraction(PIF) was estimated.Then an example on the study of liver cancer related with water pollution was used to show the new frame.In this example,the contaminated water was regarded as the environmental factor,incidence of liver cancer was regarded as variable of health,and the analysis was performed with spatial interpolation,counterfactual analysis and CRA theory.Results The quantity of COD of river water in this area was estimated with ordinary Kriging interpolation,and the accumulated exposure of COD was calculated with the trend of annual COD,and the number of population exposed to COD was estimated at same time.In accordance with the different level of pollution and the RR relate to liver cancer,the trend with monotonically increasing showed.At same time,the values of PIF illuminated that 75.72% in male and 66.39% in female would avoid death for liver cancer if the level of contaminated water could be reduced to the level of the control areas.Conclusion The frame includes CRA,spatial analysis and counterfactual analysis is a good approach to assess the health effects of environmental factors.