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Objective@#To compare the efficiency and biocompatibility of four different silanes on immobilizing c(RGDfK) peptide on titanium surface.@*Methods @# After alkali-heat treatment (group OH), the titanium surface was treated with 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) (group OHAP), 3-chloropropyltriethoxysilane (CPTES) (group OHCP) (3-mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane (MPTS) (group OHMPT) and 3-isobutyryloxy propyltrimethoxysilane(γ- MPS) (group OHMPS) to immobilize the c(RGDfK) cyclic peptide and constructa titanium-silane-c(RGDfK) coating. The NT group was the blank control group. The surface morphology and wettability of the coatings were detected using scanning electron microscopy and contact angle measurement. The elemental composition of the titanium surface was analyzed using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. After fluorescent staining with 4’,6-diamino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) and phalloidin, the adhesion of mouse preosteoblast MC3T3-E1 cells on the surface of the materials was observed using laser confocal microscopy. Cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity assays were used to evaluate the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells on the surface of the materials, respectively. @*Results @#Scanning electron microscope observation showed a spongy-like 3-dimensional network formed on the titanium surface after alkali-heat treatment with silane-c(RGDfK) coating adhesion. The wettability of each group was greatly improved compared to the untreated titanium surface. The element ratios of Si/Ti and amide-N/Ti in the OHMPS group were the highest. The OHAP group exhibited the best cell adhesion effect. The cell proliferation and ALP activity of the OHAP, OHMPT, and OHMPS groups were significantly higher than the control group (P <0.05); there was no statistical difference between the OHCP group and the control group.@*Conclusion @#MPTS, CPTES and γ-MPS covalently immobilized cyclic peptide c(RGDfK) on the titanium surface, which promoted adhesion, proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells. Theγ-MPS conjugated C (RGDfK)cyclic peptide exhibited the best effect. MPTS, CPTES and γ-MPS coupled with c(RGDfK) cyclic peptides had similar biological properties.
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BACKGROUND: Due to the stability of the physical and chemical properties of zirconia ceramics, its poor adhesiveness has seriously affected the clinical application of zirconia ceramic prosthesis. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the effect of different surface treatment methods and resin cement on the bonding strength of zirconia ceramics. METHODS: Totally 240 zirconia blocks were randomly divided into 16 groups, with 15 in each group. In group A, the treatment method was sandblasting+hydrofluoric acid+Monobond-s+Panavia F 2.0. In group B, the treatment method was sandblasting+hydrofluoric acid+Monobond-s+Perma CemDual. In group C, the treatment method was sandblasting+hydrofluoric acid+new silane coupling agent+Panavia F 2.0. In group D, the treatment method was sandblasting+hydrofluoric acid+new silane coupling agent+Perma Cem-Dual. In group E, the treatment method was sandblasting+Monobond-s+Panavia F 2.0. In group F, the treatment method was sandblasting+Monobond-s+Perma Cem-Dual. In group G, the treatment method was sandblasting+Monobond-s+Panavia F 2.0 resin cement binder. In group H, the treatment method was sandblasting+new silane coupling agent+Perma Cem-Dual. In group I, the treatment method was hydrofluoric acid+Monobond-s+Panavia F 2.0. In group J, the treatment method was hydrofluoric acid+Monobond-s+Perma Cem-Dual. In group K, the treatment method was hydrofluoric acid+new silane coupling agent+Panavia F 2.0. In group L, the treatment method was hydrofluoric acid+new silane coupling agent+Perma Cem-Dual. In group M, the treatment method was Monobond-s+Panavia F 2.0. In group N, the treatment method was Monobond-s+Perma CemDual. In group O, the treatment method was new silane coupling agent+Panavia F 2.0. In group P, the treatment method was new silane coupling agent+Perma Cem-Dual. Panavia F 2.0 and Perma Cem-Dual were resin cement binders. Monobond-s was commercial silane coupling agent. The bonding strength of each group was tested. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The bonding strength of groups C, G and H was higher than that of the remaining 13 groups (P < 0.05). The bonding strength of groups A, B, C, D, E, F, G and H was higher than that of groups I, J, K, L, M, N, and P (P < 0.05). (2) The results show that the combined use of zirconia sandblasting and new silane coupling agent can significantly improve the bonding strength of ceramic-cement. Hydrofluoric acid pretreatment is ineffective. The different types of cement will have a certain effect on the bonding strength.
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BACKGROUND: Zirconia ceramic was considered as one of the optimal materials in prosthodontics and widely used in daily clinical treatment for its features, such as aesthetic properties, biocompatibility and corrosion resistance. Ideal bond strength and durability are necessary for the restoration to achieve satisfied clinical performance. OBJECTIVE: To systematically review zirconia and common zirconia bonding agents, the physical and chemical properties of zirconia ceramics, the clinical operating process standard, the common zirconia bonding agents and their bonding performance. METHODS: We searched the articles from March 2005 to March 2020 in PubMed, CNKI, Wanfang databases with the key words of “zirconia; surface treatment; universal adhesive; self-adhesive resin cement; bonding strength” in Chinese and English. After screening according to inclusion and exclusion criteria, the final 36 included articles were summarized. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Zirconia has excellent physical and chemical properties with hydrophobic surface, so it is difficult to form a proper bonding surface with the substrate. At present, the combination of physical sand blasting and chemical reaction is the most common treatment. The sand blasting can effectively increase the reaction area. In the aspect of chemical bonding, the bond strength of the self-adhesive resin cement can be significantly improved by both the universal adhesive and zirconia primer after 24 hours of water storage; however, the durability of universal adhesive is better than that of zirconia primer. As common sense, 37% phosphoric acid is daily used on tooth surface before bonding procedure, which can prohibit chemical reaction to zirconia. Sand blasting was considered as one of the most practical way to physically increase the surface for 10-MDP contained primers or universal adhesives chemically reacted with zirconia.
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Objective To explore an auxiliary method to improve DWI image quality of testis.Methods Thirty healthy male volunteers were selected,and EPI-DWI and FSE-T2WI scanning with the same parameters were successively performed according to three different schemes.Scheme A:Padding ultrasonic coupling agent-soft rubber bag at the scanning position.Scheme B:Padding physiological saline-soft rubber bag at the scanning position.Scheme C:No preexamination treatment at the scanning position.FSE-T2WI (the same scheme and the same slice) was used as the reference of anatomic form,and the images were conducted by two attending doctors.The image geometric distortion,signal uniformity and anatomical clarity were scored by 5 points method.SNR and CNR of were calculated by one of the two doctors.The scoring consistency between the two doctors was evaluated.The scoring of image geometric distortion,signal uniformity,anatomic clarity,SNR and CNR of the three schemes were statistically analyzed.Results The scoring consistency of image geometrical distortion,signal uniformity and anatomical clarity of the three schemes were relatively good or better between the two doctors (Kappa=0.805,0.737 and 0.713).There were significant differences of image geometrical distortion,signal uniformity and anatomical clarity scoring obtained from three schemes (comparisons between groups and overall comparison,all P＜ 0.05),superiority:Scheme A＞ Scheme B＞ Scheme C.Conclusion Ultrasonic coupling agent-soft rubber bag padding method can significantly improve DWI imaging quality of testis.
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Objective@#To investigate the effect of silane coupling agent on composite-composite bond strength, and to provide experimental basis for improving composite-composite bond strength clinically.@*Methods@#Self-etching adhesive Clearfil SE Bond (CSE) and silane-containing universal adhesive Single Bond Universal (SBU) were used as adhesives. A silane coupling agent (RelyX ceramic primer) was tested. P60 resin composite blocks were prepared and divided into 4 groups according to whether silane coupling agent was applied or the type of the adhesives: CSE group, in which CSE was applied as an adhesive; Silane + CSE group, in which the surface was treated with silane coupling agent followed by CSE; SBU group, in which SBU was applied as an adhesive; Silane+ SBU group, in which the surface was treated with silane coupling agent followed by SBU, then filling a new composite. All the composite blocks were cut into about twenty 1 mm×1 mm×14 mm samples to detect the micro-tensile bond strength. Fractographic analysis were performed under a three-dimensional laser scanning microscope. The micro-tensile bond strength data were analyzed statistically by one-way ANOVA and the failure pattern data were analyzed statistically by Chi-square test.@*Results@#Silane + SBU group [(69.6 ± 3.3) MPa] showed a significantly higher micro-tensile bond strength than the other groups (P<0.05). Silane+CSE group showed a significantly higher micro-tensile bond strength [(63.9±3.7) MPa] than CSE group [(55.7±4.2) MPa] and SBU group [(55.4±4.0) MPa] (P<0.05); There was no significant difference in micro-tensile bond strength between the SBU group and the CSE group (P>0.05). Failure patterns in the 4 groups were adhesive failure, cohesive failure and mixed failure. There was no significant difference in the proportion of adhesive failure between the Silane+CSE group and the Silane+SBU group, and the proportion of adhesive failure in these two groups were significantly less than that in the CSE and the SBU group (P<0.05).@*Conclusions@#Silane coupling agent pretreatment could improve composite-composite bond strength, however, the bond strength could not be higher when silane was mixed with adhesives in one bottle.
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Objective To observe the efficacy of a medical disinfectant ultrasonic coupling agent on the killing of five clinically isolated multidrug-resistant organisms(MDROs).Methods From March 2016 to May 2017,a disin-fection ultrasonic coupling agent containing active ingredient,including triclosan and propylene glycol,was used to conduct carrier quantitative germicidal test on five clinically isolated MDROs,the killing efficacy to MDROs was ob-served.Results After 1.5,3.0,and 4.5 minute disinfection time,the killing logarithms values of disinfection ultra-sonic coupling agent to five MDROs(multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter bau m annii[MDR-AB],methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus[MRSA],multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa[MDR-PA],carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae[CRKP],and extended-spectrum β-lactamase Escherichia coli[ESBLs-EC])were all>3.0. Conclusion Medical disinfection ultrasonic coupling agent can effectively kill five common MDROs,and can take the place of disinfectant during ultrasonic examination.
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Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate the bond strength of a composite resin to glass-fiber post (GFP) treated or not with phosphoric acid, silane coupling agent, and unfilled resin. GFPs were etched or not with 37% phosphoric acid and different surface coating applied: silane coupling agent, unfilled resin, or both. Composite resin blocks were built around a 4-mm height on the GFP. Unfilled resin (20 s) and composite resin (40 s) were light activated by a light-emitting diode unit. The specimens were stored in distilled water at 37 °C for 24 h. Microtensile bond test was performed using a mechanical testing machine until failure (n=10). The data were analyzed using two-way ANOVA followed by Student-Newman-Keuls' test (p<0.05). Failure modes were classified as adhesive, mixed, or cohesive failures. Additional specimens (n=3) were made to analyze the bonded interfaces by scanning electron microscopy. The statistical analysis showed the factor 'surface coating' was significant (p<0.05), whereas the factor 'HP etching' (p=0.131) and interaction between the factors (p=0.171) were not significant. The highest bond strength was found for the silane and unfilled resin group (p<0.05). A predominance of adhesive and cohesive failures was found. Differences regarding the homogeneity and thickness of the unfilled resin layer formed by different GFP surface treatments were observed. The application of silane and unfilled resin can improve the bond strength between GFP and resin composite.
Resumo O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o efeito resistência de união de uma resina composta para pinos de fibra de vidro (PFV) tratados ou não com ácido fosfórico, agente de união (silano) e adesivo. PFVs foram condicionados ou não com ácido fosfórico 37% e receberam aplicação de diferentes materiais: um agente de união, um adesivo, ou ambos. Blocos em resina composta foram construídos a 4 mm de altura no PFV. O adesivo (20 s) e a resina composta (40 s) foram fotoativado por um diodo emissor de luz. As amostras foram armazenadas em água destilada a 37 C por 24 h. O teste de microtração foi realizado em uma máquina de ensaio universal (n=10). Os dados foram analisados usando ANOVA dois fatores e teste de Student-Newman-Keuls (p<0,05). Os padrões de fratura foram classificados em falhas adesivas, mistas ou coesivas. Amostras adicionais (n=3) foram feitas para análise da interface de união em microscopia eletrônica de varredura. A análise estatística mostrou que o fator 'recobrimento da superfície' foi significante (p<0,05), enquanto que o fator 'ácido fosfórico' (p=0,131) e a interação entre os fatores (p=0.171) não foram significantes. A maior resistência da união foi encontrada para os grupos silano e adesivo (p<0,05). Uma predominância de falhas adesivas e coesivas foi encontrada. Foram observadas diferenças em relação à homogeneidade e espessura da camada adesiva formada sobre os PFV com os diferentes tratamentos de superfície. Aplicação de silano e adesivo pode melhorar a resistência de união entre PFV e resina composta.
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Acid Etching, Dental , Post and Core Technique , Microscopy, Electron, Scanning , Surface PropertiesABSTRACT
Background: Poly methylmethacrylate (PMMA) is one of the most commonly used denture base material. Various attempts have been used to strengthen acrylic resin by incorporating filler particles. Method: In the present study zirconium oxide is used as a filler material and a silane coupling agent is added for bonding with PMMA by two different methods that is sol gel method and functionalizing zirconium oxide with silane coupling agent. Result: The present study demonstrated a significant increase in impact strength, surface hardness as the percentage of ZrO2 fillers increased. Conclusion: From the study it was concluded that incorporation of Zirconium oxide to PMMA will increase in flexural strength, impact strength and hardness of PMMA and the mechanical property obtained by functionalizing nanoparticles method is better than sol-gel method.
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Objective To investigate whether ultrasonic coupling agent (UCA)can produce shielding or antago-nistic effect on iodine disinfectant for preoperative skin disinfection.Methods Shielding or antagonistic effect of UCA on iodine disinfectant were detected by laboratory carrier immersion killing test and on-the-spot skin disinfec-tion test.Results Antagonistic effect:after the mixing of iodophor with UCA,the average killing rate of iodophor containing available iodine 2 500mg/L and 625 mg/L to Staphylococcus aureus decreased from 100.00% to 99.67%-99.78% and 96.85 % - 98.25 %,respectively;the average killing rate to Escherichia coli decreased from 100.00% to 99.71 %-99.82% and 95 .93 %-98.56%,respectively.Shielding effect:after smearing with UCA, the average killing rate of iodophor and iodine tincture + alcohol to Escherichia coli decreased from 100.00% to 30.76% and 100.00% to 94.48%,respectively;the average killing rate to Staphylococcus aureus decreased from 99.99% to 55 .55 % and 100.00% to 98.22%,respectively.On-the-spot skin disinfection test:the killing rate of io-dophor and iodine tincture +alcohol to natural bacteria on skin surface were both 99.99%,after skin was smeared with UCA,the killing rate decreased to 92.62% and 93 .57%,respectively.Conclusion UCA remained on the oper-ative field has shielding and antagonistic effect on iodine disinfectant.
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10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2013.25.005