Epidemiología de la mortalidad por accidentes de tránsito en Granma (2005-2011) / Epidemiology of the traffic accident mortality in Granma (2005-2011)

Introducción: los accidentes de tránsito emergen como un factor de muerte que requiere ser reducido y evitado. Objetivo: describir la epidemiología de la mortalidad por accidentes de tránsito. Métodos: se realizó un estudio descriptivo y retrospectivo, de corte transversal, que incluyó a los pacientes fallecidos por accidentes de tránsito en la provincia Granma, en el período 2005-2011. Resultados: se observó una disminución progresiva de la mortalidad por esta causa, con una media anual de 59,8 defunciones. Predominaron los fallecidos del sexo masculino, con edades comprendidas entre 25 y 44 años, para una razón promedio hombre/mujer de 3,5. Como indicadores de mortalidad, las tasas brutas ajustadas a la población y de años de vida potencialmente perdidos descendieron con el paso de los años, pero permanecen altas. Conclusiones: las muertes por accidentes de tránsito en la citada provincia se produjeron predominantemente en hombres jóvenes, aún con altos indicadores de mortalidad.

Introduction: traffic accidents emerge as a death factor that requires to be reduced and prevented. Objective: to describe the epidemiology of traffic accident mortality. Methods: a descriptive, retrospective and cross-sectional study, which included patients dead by traffic accidents in Granma province in the period 2005 - 2011, was carried out. Results: there was a progressive decrease in mortality from this cause, with an annual average of 59.8 deaths. Dead males aged between 25 and 44 years predominated, for an average male/female ratio of 3.5. As indicators of mortality, the gross rates adjusted to the population and those of potentially lost years of life decreased over the years, but remain high. Conclusions: deaths from traffic accidents in that province occurred predominantly in young men, even with high mortality indicators.

Urgent Intracranial Carotid Artery Decompression after Penetrating Head Injury

We describe a case of intracranial carotid artery occlusion due to penetrating craniofacial injury by high velocity foreign body that was relieved by decompressive surgery. A 46-year-old man presented with a penetrating wound to his face. A piece of an electric angular grinder disc became lodged in the anterior skull base. Computed tomography revealed that the disc had penetrated the unilateral paraclinoid and suprasellar areas without flow of the intracranial carotid artery on the lesion side. The cavernous sinus was also compromised. Removal of the anterior clinoid process reopened the carotid blood flow, and the injection of glue into the cavernous sinus restored complete hemostasis during extraction of the fragment from the face. Digital subtraction angiography revealed complete recanalization of the carotid artery without any evidence of dissection. Accurate diagnosis regarding the extent of the compromised structures and urgent decompressive surgery with adequate hemostasis minimized the severity of penetrating damage in our patient.

Pattern of craniofacial injuries and socio demographic distribution of road traffic accidents in Bangalore: Autopsy study.

Background: Among all types of accidents, those caused by motor vehicles claim the largest toll of life and tend to be most serious, road traffic accidents (RTA) continues to be growing menace incurring heavy loss of valuable man –power, along with corresponding drain of potential economic growth of country. Objective: Present study was taken up with the aim to assess the Socio demographic distribution of road traffic accidents and the pattern of craniofacial injuries occurred in RTA. Materials and Methods: A Descriptive Cross sectional study was conducted on the post mortems of RTA cases. Convenient purposive sampling technique was applied to select the sample of 113 road traffic accident autopsies. Results: Majority of the victims aged between 21 to 40 years (50.44%), most of the victims were males 104 (92.0%), and Hindus 102 (90.27%). More crashes 42 (37.17%) took place between 6:00 PM to 12:00 PM on weekends 62 (54.87%) at city cross roads 62 (54.87%). Most of the accidents occurred by heavy motor vehicle 45(39.82%). Most of the times in road traffic accidents, productive age group males (21-40 years) were injured or lost their life. More than fifty per cent of the accidents were found to occur during the weekend evenings from 6:00PM to 12:00PM. Conclusion: Since the road traffic traumas are worsening each year, to minimise the severity of injury, man's interaction with the motor car may have been somewhat modified by crash protection devices, such as helmets, seat belts and air bags.

Bony Protuberances on the Anterior and Posterior Clinoid Processes Lead to Traumatic Internal Carotid Artery Aneurysm Following Craniofacial Injury

Traumatic intracranial aneurysms are rare, comprising 1% or less of all cerebral aneurysms. The majority of these aneurysms arise at the skull base or in the distal anterior and middle cerebral arteries or their branches following direct mural injury or acceleration-induced shearing force. We present a 50-year-old patient in whom subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) was developed as a result of traumatic aneurysm rupture after a closed craniofacial injury. Through careful evaluation of the three-dimensional computed tomography and conventional angiographies, the possible mechanism of the traumatic internal carotid artery trunk aneurysm is correlated with a hit injury by the bony protuberances on the anterior and posterior clinoid processes. This traumatic aneurysm was successfully obliterated with clipping and wrapping technique. The possibility of a traumatic intracranial aneurysm should be considered when patient with SAH demonstrates bony protuberances on the clinoid process as a traumatic aneurysm may result from mechanical injury by the sharp bony edges.

Fatal Craniofacial Injury by an Angle Grinder / 대한법의학회지

A death due to angle grinder injuries is reported. An angle grinder is a widely used electronic device at a working place or at home. A deceased old man and an angle grinder without a protective guard were found at the living room in his house where he had been renovating. The wound of the victim's head showed an oblique laceration, skull fractures and tearing on the brain, embedded with grinder disk fragments. A small intraparenchymal hematoma was in the midbrain, which could be the cause of the fall leading to the accident. Disreard of the cause of the accident, the absence of a protective guard and removal of one hilt might have contribute to the death of the victim.