Comparative analysis between extend endoscopic endonasal and open transcranial resection for craniopharyngiomas / 中国神经精神疾病杂志

Objective To compare the efficacy and complications of the extend endoscopic endonasal approach (EEA) and open transcranial approach for resection of craniopharyngiomas. Methods The clinical data from 46 patients with craniopharyngiomas with extend EEA and 54 patients with transcranial route in our department was analyzed retrospectively. The gross total resection (GTR) rate,length of hospital stays and complications of the two groups were compared. Results The tumor diameters of were larger in the endoscopic group than in the transcranial group (3.5 ± 1.3cm vs. 3.0±0.8 cm, P<0.05). The endoscopic group had a greater GTR rate (67.4％vs. 46.3％, P<0.05)and improved visual outcome(84.2％ vs. 59.5％,P<0.05),but lower rate of hypopituitarism (56.5％ vs. 75.9％,P<0.05)and permanent diabetes insipidus (51.4％ vs.72.7％,P<0.05). On the contrast, the endoscopic group had a greater rate of cerebrospinal fluid leak(4.3％ vs. 0.0％,P>0.05)and longer hospital stays(17.0±3.6 d vs. 13.1±2.3 d,P<0.01). Hyposmia(34.8％)and hemorrhinia (2.2％)only happened in the endoscopic group. Conclusion Compared with transcranial route, the extend EEA for craniopharyngiomas is minimal invasion and effective, which can effectively improve the GTR rate and reduce the clinical symptoms.

The Extended Pterional Approach and Microsurgery Resection for Craniopharyngiomas, Operative Nuances and Results: A Series of 29 Patients

Objective The aim of this paper is to observe if the extended pterional approach for the removal of craniopharyngiomas is safe and effective. The mortality, morbidity, and recurrence rates are presented and discussed. Method This is a retrospective analysis of 29 craniopharyngioma patients who underwent surgery between January 1988 and December 2014 at the Department of Neurosurgery of the Hospital Federal dos Servidores do Estado, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The charts, operative reports and imaging studies were reviewed. Results We identified 17 males (58.6%) and 12 females (41.3%) ranging in age from 0.6 to 84 years (mean 57.4 years). Thirteen (44.8%) patients were infants or adolescents. Surgical mortality occurred in one patient (3.4%). Gross total tumor removal was achieved in 15 (51.7%) patients. The median follow-up time was 7.1 years. Conclusion The extended pterional approach provides adequate access to craniopharyngiomas, and the majority of lesions could be totally removed, with a low mortality rate, but the best treatment for craniopharyngiomas remains controversial.

Objetivo Observar se a craniotomia pterional estendida é uma técnica segura e efetiva. Método É um estudo retrospectivo de 29 pacientes com craniofaringiomas que foram submetidos a craniotomia pterional estendida entre 1988 e 2014. As imagens e os prontuários foram analisados. Resultados Esse grupo é composto por 17 homens (58,6%) e 12 mulheres (41,3%), e a idade variou de 0,6 a 84 anos (media 57,4 anos). Treze (44,8%) pacientes eram crianças ou adolescentes. A remoção total da lesão ocorreu em 15 (51,7%) indivíduos. A mortalidade cirúrgica: um paciente (3,4%). O follow-up médio é de 7,1 anos. Conclusão A craniotomia pterional estendida permitiu a remoção total da lesão na maioria dos pacientes, com baixa mortalidade, porém o melhor tratamento para o craniofaringioma ainda gera muita controvérsia.

Fourteen cases of children with craniopharyngiomas / 中华实用儿科临床杂志

Objective To analyze the clinical characteristics and the endocrine changes in children with craniopharyngioma,and to improve the pediatrician understanding of the disease.Methods The study subjects consisted of 14 children with craniopharyngioma admitted to the Department of Endocrinology,Beijing Children's Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University from Jan.2004 to Dec.2012.All the patients were followed up to analyze the clinical symptoms improvement,endocrine test results and medication,et al.Results The main clinical manifestations were headache (7/14 cases,50.0％),growth retardation(4/14 cases,28.6％),vomiting (4/14 cases,28.6％),polydipsia/ polyuria (3/14 cases,21.4％) and vision diminution (3/14 cases,21.4％).Three patients didn' t undergo the surgery,and 3 cases with diabetes insipidus and 2 cases with growth hormone deficiency,and 1 case with central hypothyroidism by laboratory test.The rest 11 children received surgery and all patients had changes in endocrine after it.Five cases got polydipsia and polyuria,other 5 cases had electrolyte disturbances,and 2 cases had epilepsy.Nine patients were followed up,and the follow-up duration ranged from 5 months to 10 years [(3.29 ± 3.52) years] after surgery.Seven patients got better and 2 patients got worse.Conclusions For clinical symptoms of increased intracranial pressure,changes in endocrine,the vision and visual field,the possibility of craniopharyngioma should be taken into account.Surgery is the main treatment,but it can lead to the damage of hypothalamus and pituitary gland.Changes in endocrine,electrolyte disturbances and epilepsy are the common complications.According to the level of endocrine,longterm hormone replacement therapy for some postoperative patients should be continued.

Abordaje fronto-orbito-cigomático en dos piezas: indicaciones y técnica quirúrgica / Fronto-orbito-zygomatic two-piece approach: indications and surgical technique

Objetivo: Resaltar las indicaciones y detalles técnicos en el abordaje fronto-órbito-cigomático en dos piezas en base a nuestra experiencia quirúrgica. Material y método: se realizó un estudio descriptivo retrospectivo analizando las historias clínicas de 18 pacientes intervenidos quirúrgicamente a través de un abordaje fronto-orbito-cigomático en dos piezas, entre junio de 2010 y junio de 2013, en nuestro servicio. Se obtuvieron datos epidemiológicos y los relacionados a las diferentes patologías alcanzadas mediante esta vía. Resultados: durante dicho período se realizaron 18 craneotomías fronto-orbito-cigomática en dos piezas. Fueron intervenidos 11 pacientes con aneurismas cerebrales, de los cuales 4 fueron aneurismas del segmento oftálmico de la arteria carótida interna, 3 de bifurcación alta de arteria carótida interna, 2 de la arteria comunicante anterior con orientación cefálica y 2 de la bifurcación de la arteria basilar. Así mismo, se logró la exéresis de 7 lesiones tumorales, de los cuales 4 fueron adenomas de hipófisis, 2 craneofaringioma y 1 glioma hipotalámico. Se estandarizaron los siguientes pasos para la realización del abordaje fronto-órbito-cigomático en dos piezas, compuesto por una craneotomía fronto-temporo-esfenoidal y una segunda pieza compuesta por techo orbitario y arcada cigomática. Conclusiones: dicho abordaje representa una importante vía de acceso para lesiones que comprometen región selar, paraselar y patología vascular del polígono de Willis con menor retracción cerebral y mayor exposición.

Purpose: To highlight the indications and surgical details in the two pieces fronto-orbito-zigomatic approach based on our surgical experience.Material and Methods: a descriptive retrospective study was done by the analysis of 18 medical histories of patients operated by a two pieces fronto-orbito-zigomatic approach, between June 2010-2013 in our sevice. Epidemiological facts and those related to the different pathology approaches were obtainedResults: 18 two pieces fronto-orbito-zigomatic craniotomies were performed during the analized period. 11 patients had cerebral aneurisms, 4 of them arised from the oftalmic segment of the internal carotid artery, 3 from a high bifurcation of the internal carotid artery, 2 from the basilar artery´s bifurcation. We also performed the resection of 7 tumors: 4 pituitary adenomas, 2 craniopharyngiomas and 1 hipotalamic glioma. The following steps were standarized to perform the two pieces fronto-orbito-zigomatic approach: first a fronto-temporo-esphenoidal craniotomy and then a second piece composed by the orbital roof and the zigomatic arc.Conclusions: this approach represents an important route of access to lesions that involve both sellar and parasellar regions and vascular pathology from the Circle of Willis with less brain retraction and more exposure.

Abordaje transepto-esfenoidal con septectomía posterosuperior para resección de craneofaringiomas: reporte de caso / Postero-superior septectomy and transphenoidal approach for craniopharyngiomas resection: case report

Craniopharyngiomas are rare benign tumors originated from epithelial remnants of Rathke’s pouch. Its localization may cause endocrine and visual disturbances. We present a case of a 49 year old male patient referred to our Institution for management of a large supraselar Craniopharyngioma. Surgical management was performed by the Skull Base team of the San Ignacio University Hospital (Neurosurgery and Otolaryngology) using a totally Endoscopic four hands technique through a Trans Selar approach.

Los craneofaringiomas son tumores benignos poco frecuentes, originados de restos epiteliales de la bolsa de Rathke, que por su localización puede producir alteraciones visuales y endocrinas. Presentamos el caso de un paciente masculino de 49 años de edad que nos fue referido a nuestra institución para manejar un gran craneofaringioma supraselar. El manejo quirúrgico se llevó a cabo por el Grupo de Cirugía Endoscópica de Base de Cráneo del Hospital Universitario San Ignacio (Neurocirugía - Otorrinolaringología), utilizando una técnica totalmente endoscópica a cuatro manos, a través de un abordaje Trans Selar. Se presenta este caso clínico para demostrar la técnica endoscópica transnasal que actualmente utilizamos para el manejo de los tumores de hipófisis, haciendo énfasis en las ventajas que ofrece estatécnica.

Analysis of postoperative sodium metabolic disturbance for craniopharyngiomas in 21 cases QIN / 中国综合临床

Objective To analyze the correlation between the position and the removal extent of the tumor and the postoperative sodium metabolic disturbance in patients with craniopharyngiomas. Methods Retrospective analysis of the postoperative sodium metabolic disturbance in craniopharyngioma patients admitted from Feb.2006 to Oct. 2010 was performed. Results In the 30 casese,10 cases occurred hypernatremia,9 with hyponatremia and, 2 with fluctuating hyponatremia and hypematremia. One cases died in the population. No sodium metabolic disturbance occurred in patients with craniopharyngiomas located in the interasellar region, whereas 8 occurred in the inter and suprasellar region(61.5% ,8/13) , and 3 occurred post and beside assellar region(60.0% ,3/5) , 10 occurred in the third and lateral cerebral ventricle (100.0%, 10/10). Sodium metabolic disturbance occurred in 15 cases(62. 5% ) among 24 cases underwent total resection,in all 4 cases underwent sub-total resection (100.0% ) ,and all 2 cases underwent paritical resection ( 100. 0% ). The degree of resection was not correlated with Sodium metabolic disturbance(x2 = 3.21 ,P>0.05). Conclusion Sodium metabolic disturbance after craniopharyngioma surgery may be correlated with the position of tumor, but not correlated with the removal extent.

Microsurgical removal of suprasellar craniopharyngioma via pterional approach / 中国基层医药

Objective To explore the microsurgical techniques for total removal of the suprasellar cranio pharyngiomas via the pterional approach.Methods The clinical data of 28 patients with suprasellar craniopharyngio mas resected by the microsurgery was analyzed retrospectively.Results The tumors were total removed in 24 cases (86%)and subtotal resected in 4 cases(14%).The frequent postoperative complications are diabetes insipidus,hy perthermy,imbalance of water and electrolyte and lower level of hormone.Conclusion It is the key to get fine operation effect that removal sclerotin of base of skull as far as possible and releasing cerebrospinal fluid sufficiently,paying attention to protect the perforating branch and nourishing artery in each operative spaces.

Protection and Treatment of the Pituitary Stalk and Hypothalamus in the Microsurgery of Craniopharyngiomas in Adult / 中国康复理论与实践

@#ObjectiveTo investigate the pattern of the relationship of craniopharyngiomas with pituitary stalks and hypothalamus. Furthermore, based on different patterns affirmed during the operations, surgical strategies were designed for radical excision. MethodsA series of 66 patients with primary suprasellar craniopharyngiomas were treated with microsurgical techniques and the relationships of the craniopharyngiomas with pituitary stalk and hypothalamus were analyzed prospectively. Appropriate surgical approaches were selected preoperatively according to the lesion's sizes and expanding directions. The relationships of the lesions to the pituitary stalks and hypothalamus were identified in detail and dissected carefully with protection of perforating vessels. ResultsThe patterns that pituitary stalks were involved by craniopharyngiomas were identified in 36 cases and divided into four types: no relation (5 cases), adhesion (10 cases), partial invasion (8 cases) and total invasion (13 cases). The anterior floor of the third ventricle was involved in 42 cases, in which it disappeared totally in 10 cases. Total resection was achieved in 58 case, subtotal resection in 8 cases. Diabetes insipidus (DI) was identified in 44 cases postoperatively. No surgical mortality, no recurrence was found during follow-up of mean 35 months. ConclusionThe appropriate selection of surgical approaches preoperatively, careful identification and according treatment of the relationships of the tumors with pituitary stalks and hypothalamus are the keys to protect the pituitary stalk; hypothalamus in craniopharyngiomas resection in adults.