Adaptação transcultural e evidências de validade do questionário de credibilidade/expectativa / Cross-cultural adaptation and evidence of validity of the credibility/expectatncy questionnaire / Adaptación transcultural y evidencias de validez del cuestionario de credibilidad/expectativa

Este estudo teve como objetivos adaptar o Questionário de Credibilidade/Expectativa (QCE) (Credibility/Expectancy Questionnaire-CEQ) para o contexto brasileiro, avaliar suas propriedades psicométricas e apresentar as relações entre a credibilidade-expectativa do tratamento e variáveis sociodemográficas da amostra. Participaram 217 adultos, que declararam realizar acompanhamento psicológico, recrutados por meio de mídias sociais. Utilizou-se o QCE, o Teste de Orientação da Vida e um questionário sociodemográfico. O resultado da análise fatorial exploratória indicou uma estrutura unidimensional para o QCE. A fim de evitar duplicidade de medida e prezar pela parcimônia, dois itens foram excluídos da versão final, fazendo com que o instrumento em português brasileiro seja composto por 4 itens. O alfa de Cronbach foi 0,87 e os índices de ajuste do modelo foram satisfatórios. Observou-se associação positiva e estatisticamente significativa entre o QCE e o TOV-R. Concluiu-se que o QCE apresentou características psicométricas apropriadas para uso em amostras brasileiras. (AU)

This study aimed to adapt the Credibility/Expectancy Questionnaire (CEQ) to the Brazilian context, evaluate its psychometric properties, and present the relationships between the credibility-expectation of the treatment and the sociodemographic variables of the sample. Participants included 217 adults, who declared to be were undergoing psychological counseling and were recruited via social media. The CEQ, the Life Orientation Test, and a sociodemographic questionnaire were used. The result of the Exploratory Factor Analysis indicated a one-dimensional structure for the CEQ. To avoid duplication of measurement and for practical purposes, two items were excluded from the final version, therefore the instrument was composed of 4 items in the Brazilian Portuguese version. Cronbach's alpha was 0.87 and the model fit indices were satisfactory. There was a positive and statistically significant association between the CEQ and the LOT-R. We concluded that the CEQ showed appropriate psychometric characteristics for use in Brazilian samples. (AU)

Este estudio tuvo como objetivo adaptar el Cuestionario de Credibilidad/Expectativa (CCE) (Credibility/Expectancy Questionnaire-CEQ) para el contexto brasileño, evaluar sus propiedades psicométricas y presentar las relaciones entre la credibilidad-expectativa del tratamiento y las variables sociodemográficas de la muestra Participaron 217 adultos que declararon estar en seguimiento psicológico, reclutados a través de las redes sociales. Se utilizaron el CCE, el Test de Orientación Vital y un cuestionario sociodemográfico. El resultado del Análisis Factorial Exploratorio indicó una estructura unidimensional para el CCE. Para evitar la duplicidad de medidas y preservar la parsimonia, dos ítems fueron excluidos de la versión final, con lo que el instrumento en portugués brasileño quedó compuesto por 4 ítems. El alfa de Cronbach fue de 0,87 y los índices de ajuste del modelo fueron satisfactorios. Se observó una asociación positiva y estadísticamente significativa entre CCE y TOV-R. Se concluyó que el CCE presenta características psicométricas apropiadas para su uso en muestras brasileñas. (AU)

Estimates of major non-communicable disease risk factors for India, 2010 & 2015: A summary of evidence

Background & objectives: The National Monitoring Framework for the prevention and control of NCDs in India has set targets for reduction of risk factors relative to the measure recorded in 2010. Estimates for 2010 and 2015 were established using meta-analyses in the absence of a national risk factor survey till 2017. Methods: We searched national survey reports and also articles published in English from India between 2008 and 2017 in PubMed, Google Scholar and Cochrane review databases for specific risk factors among 18-69 yr Indians. Quality of studies was evaluated using Joanna-Briggs tool, but all studies were included in analyses. Estimates for each of the eight strata by age, gender and place of residence, respectively, were generated. MetaXL was used to calculate the pooled estimate for 2010 and 2015 using a random effects model. Strata-specific estimates were combined to arrive at national estimate using population weight of each stratum. The credibility of the estimates was determined using four parameters - average Briggs score; representativeness of the contributing studies and precision and stability of the estimates. Results: The estimates [95% confidence interval (CI)] for 2010 for different risk factors were as follows: current alcohol use, 15.7 per cent (13.2-18.2); current tobacco use, 27 per cent (21.4-32.6); household solid fuel use, 61.5 per cent (50.2-72.5); physical inactivity, 44.2 per cent (37.8-50.6); obesity, seven per cent (3.8-10.2) and raised blood pressure, 20.2 per cent (18.4-22.1). In 2015, compared to 2010, tobacco use showed a relative decline of 18 per cent, household solid fuel use of nine per cent and physical inactivity of 15 per cent. The estimates were stable for alcohol use, raised blood pressure and obesity between 2010 and 2015. All estimates varied between moderate and high degrees of credibility. Interpretation & conclusions: The estimates are consistent with other available estimates and with current national-level initiatives focused on tobacco control and improving access to clean fuel. These estimates can be used to monitor progress on non-communicable disease risk factor targets for India

Percepción de engaño en la publicidad durante las promociones del "Buen Fin" en millennials de la Ciudad de México / Millennials' perception of advertisement deception during "Buen Fin" promotions in Mexico City

Resumen El engaño en la publicidad es una práctica que ha ido en aumento para lograr la venta de productos y servicios e implica un asunto ético. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue examinar la relación del escepticismo en la publicidad del "Buen Fin" y la percepción de engaño en dicha publicidad y su efecto en la actitud hacia la misma, la credibilidad en los anuncios y la intención de compra de los millennials. Se realizó una investigación cuantitativa, explicativa y transversal a 392 millennials radicados en la Ciudad de México. Los resultados mostraron que, efectivamente, el escepticismo en la publicidad del "Buen Fin" incrementará la percepción de engaño en la misma y ambos parámetros influirán negativamente en forma indirecta en la intención de compra, ya que la confiabilidad en el producto queda en duda.

Abstract Deception in advertising is a practice that has been increasing to achieve the sale of products and services and involves an ethical issue. The objective of this work was to examine the relationship of skepticism and the perception of deception in the advertising of "Buen Fin" and its effect on the attitude, credibility on advertisements, and purchase intention of millennials. A quantitative, explanatory and cross-sectional research was conducted on 392 millennials living in Mexico City. The results showed that, indeed, skepticism on "Buen Fin" advertising will increase deception perception and both parameters will negatively influence indirectly purchase intention, since the reliability of the product is in doubt.

Reflexivity and research methodology: A second glance

@#As qualitative researchers, we are actively involved in the research process. We accept the fact that we are the main instrument, thus are part of the social world we aim to understand. It entails self-awareness and as Parahoo (2006) posits, reflexivity, as a process, is an introspection on the role of subjectivity in the research that entails a continuous process of reflection by researchers on their values. It is also a process of recognizing, examining, and understanding how their “social background, location, and assumptions affect their research practice” Hesse-Biber, 2007, p.17). Reflexivity, as the abundant literature would indicate, is an elusive term, it is commonly used interchangeably with reflectivity, and even with critical reflection. In this paper, an attempt was made to rediscover how reflexivity has been utilized in various perspectives to define its position and role in the conduct of robust qualitative research. In the process, we would like to share and solicit perspectives on reflexivity as a process and as an output. This was done thru a review of literature and the integration and highlighting of reflexivity/reflexivities of various researchers arising from the various research that we have been involved with such as: the six-country multi-disciplinary team lead by the Ottawa University based in Canada that undertook participatory research across Asia, Africa, and the Pacific to learn how poverty can be defined and measured; the five-country multi-disciplinary team, led by the Australian National University, Australia; and various local interdisciplinary researches. These researches were conducted over three years or more, some in various stages using focused group interviews, key informant interviews, observations, ladder ranking using photographs, record reviews, surveys, and photovoice. We also included documented reflexivities of colleagues with whom we have worked with in various capacities. We analyzed these documents vis-à-vis the concern of the qualitative researcher to unravel how their personhood intersects with their experiences in the field. Indeed, revisiting reflexivity and research methods enlightens the rigor in traversing the pathways of knowledge generation in qualitative research.

The Use of OSCE System among Students Majoring in Surgery / 昆明医科大学学报

Objective To evaluate the impact of different rating instruments used by raters with different seniority in OSCEs. Methods Surgical interns were randomly divided into two groups to undertake a nine－station surgical OSCEs. Raters with different seniority were also divided into two groups with four senior raters and four junior raters in one group. OSCE results were compared. Results There was no statistical significance when comparing results from different raters using checklist rating instrument. Results from different raters using global rating scale instrument were significantly different. Correlations between raters using checklist and global rating scale instruments showed statistical significance in 81.3% of stations. Conclusion Checklist rating instrument showed high capability of repeating the results. Therefore, it is recommended to apply checklist as many as possible in OSCE exams with mixed rater seniorities. Research on design of rating instruments are to be investigated to insure the effectiveness as well as the credibility of the rating system.

Práticas integrativas e complementares: conhecimento e credibilidade de profissionais do serviço público de saúde / Integrative and complementary practices: knowledge and professional credibility of the public health service / Prácticas integrativas y complementarias: conocimiento y credibilidad de profesionales del servicio público de salud

Resumo Este estudo foi realizado por meio de questionário para identificar o conhecimento e credibilidade sobre as práticas integrativas e complementares e a Política Nacional de Práticas Integrativas e Complementares. Participaram 118 profissionais da saúde, de nível superior, do Sistema Único de Saúde de três municípios brasileiros, em 2014. Procederam-se à análise descritiva e à análise de cluster (two-step cluster). A maioria dos profissionais conhece parcialmente as práticas integrativas e complementares; considera mais eficiente a acupuntura e a fitoterapia; desconhece a antroposofia e o termalismo; tem menor credibilidade na homeopatia; desconhece a política nacional de práticas integrativas e complementares; considera que seus conhecimentos não foram obtidos durante a graduação, mas principalmente pela leitura e experiência em família; entende que estas práticas devem ser inseridas na graduação e que são importantes para a profissão e para o serviço. A análise de cluster permitiu identificar dois grupos que se diferenciam quanto ao conhecimento e crenças. Conclui-se que há pouco conhecimento e pouca credibilidade nas práticas integrativas e complementares e pouco conhecimento da Política Nacional de Práticas Integrativas e Complementares.

Abstract This study was carried out using a questionnaire to identify the knowledge of and belief in integrative and complementary practices and the National Integrative and Complementary Practices Policy. Taking part were 118 health professionals, all college graduates and working in the Health System in three Brazilian municipalities, in 2014. Descriptive and two-step cluster analyses followed. Most professionals have partial knowledge on complementary and integrative practices; they consider acupuncture and herbal medicine more efficient; they do not know anthroposophy and hydrotherapy; they believe less in homeopathy; they are unaware of the national policy on complementary and integrative practices; they consider that they did not get their knowledge during their undergraduate course, rather mainly by reading and family experience; they believe that these practices should be included in the undergraduate course, and that they are important for the profession and for the service. The cluster analysis allowed for identifying two groups that stood out insofar as knowledge and beliefs are concerned. We conclude that there is little knowledge about and little credibility in complementary and integrative practices, as well as little knowledge of the National Policy on Complementary and Integrative Practices.

Resumen Este estudio fue realizado por medio de cuestionario para identificar el conocimiento y credibilidad sobre las prácticas integrativas y complementarias y la Política Nacional de Prácticas Integrativas y Complementarias. Participaron 118 profesionales de la salud, de nivel superior, del Sistema Único de Salud de tres municipios brasileños, en 2014. Se procedió al análisis descriptivo y al análisis de cluster (two-step cluster). La mayoría de los profesionales conoce parcialmente las prácticas integrativas y complementarias; considera más eficiente la acupuntura y la fitoterapia; desconoce la antroposofía y el termalismo; tiene menos credibilidad en la homeopatía; desconoce la política nacional de prácticas integrativas y complementarias; considera que sus conocimiento no se obtuvieron durante el pregrado, sino principalmente por la lectura y la experiencia en familia; entiende que estas prácticas deben insertarse en el pregrado y que son importantes para la profesión y para el servicio. El análisis de cluster permitió identificar dos grupos que se diferencian en cuanto al conocimiento y creencias. Se concluye que hay poco conocimiento y poca credibilidad en las prácticas integrativas y complementarias y poco conocimiento de la Política Nacional de Prácticas Integrativas y Complementarias.

Research on Status and Pushing Approach of Credibility of the Third-party Mediation in Medical Disputes / 中国医学伦理学

The credibility of the third-party mediation agencies in medical disputes lies in their own advantages of efficiency,neutrality,professionalism and objectivity.However,because of the differences of actual operation,the credibility of the third-party mediation agencies often is questioned by both doctors and patients and the public.Aiming at these,this paper would study the status and the pushing approach of the third-party mediation agencies credibility from the perspective of professionalism and neutrality,legislation,fundraising channels and supervision.

Analysis of Credibility and Validity of Chinese Medical Constitution Questionnaire in Risk Evaluation of Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting Patients / 广州中医药大学学报

Objective To preliminarily analyze the credibility and validity of Chinese Medical Constitution Questionnaire(CMCQ).Methods CMCQ was used to investigate the distribution of Chinese medical constitution types of 450 women inpatients with postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) after gynecologic laparoscopic surgery from March to October of 2013.Credibility and validity were analyzed by Cronbach's α coefficient and factor analysis.Results Mixed constitution was identified in 184 (40.9％) patients.Cronbach's α coefficient of two dimensions (yang deficiency and qi stagnation) of CMCQ was proper,being 0.815 and 0.803 respectirely,while that of the dimension of harmony type was the lowest (0.514).The total variance explained by 9 common factors extracted from the results of factor analysis was only 48.5％.Conclusion CMCQ may need further revision based on the results of clinical application.

Application of trinitarian visualization teaching model in endoscopy reprocessing training / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective To discuss the application effects of trinitarian visualization teaching model in endoscopy reprocessing teaching practice. Methods Subjects in the study were divided into the trinitarian visualization teaching group (n=40) and the traditional teaching group (n=43) by random number table method; Compliance and credibility rating of endoscope reprocessing procedures were compared between 2 groups. 2 weeks after training, objectives were examined and assessed by questionnaires separately. Results Compliance of the trinitarian visualization teaching group was higher than the traditional teaching group (χ2=10.501, P=0.033). The trinitarian visualization teaching group had a higher rating in compliance, with 47.47 credibility points, theory test (93.79 ± 3.81) points and 93.02%(40/43) of operation pass. The traditional teaching group had a credibility point of 43.68 credibility points, with theory test (85.25±3.14) points and 77.50%(31/40) of operation pass. Significant difference between the two groups were statistical significant (t=4.84 and 11.097, χ2=4.038,P<0.01 or 0.05). Conclusions The trinitarian visualization teaching model can be used to improve the reprocessing training quality, to save time and human resource and to reach the training demand.

Use of the united theory of acceptance and use of technology model to study information communication technology- adoption in five Saudi Arabian private hospitals

We conducted a multi-institutional case study to identify the issues associated with the adoption of information and communication technology (ICT) in five private care hospitals in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. We conducted interviews with 37 respondents primarily comprising IT professionals. We found that there were three determinants of behavioural intentions in this case study: organisation objectives, facilitating conditions and social influence where there are no effects of performance expectancy or effort expectancy. In all five cases, none of the moderators (age, gender, experience and voluntariness) in the original united theory of acceptance and use of technology model were considered critically important by IT professionals. In the present paper, all qualitative elements such as themes, patterns and overarching in the data were analysed to reach a conclusion. In addition, the various perspectives of using ICT are discussed.

El significado de "autor" en las publicaciones científicas / The meaning of "author" in scientific publications

El progreso de la medicina siempre ha estado relacionado directamente con las publicaciones científicas, las cuales son el punto final de las investigaciones y permiten difundir universalmente los hallazgos y conclusiones de estas. Si las investigaciones no se publican, no existen. Aunque parece de Perogrullo, en la actualidad la autoría exige criterios que, con el devenir de las discusiones, se han ido construyendo, pero aún no hay un completa uniformidad al respecto y no todas los comités editoriales de las revistas científicas tienen conceptos explícitos sobre el tema. Un comité conformado por editores de prestigiosas revistas médicas ha propuesto unas condiciones que deben cumplir las personas que aparezcan como autores de las publicaciones científicas, al igual que el orden en que estos deben aparecer. Así mismo, en los estudios multicéntricos, en los que participa un gran número de colaboradores, debe quedar claro quiénes son los verdaderos autores, así como también el orden en el cual deben aparecer en el documento final. Hay que advertir, sin ningún tipo de ingenuidad, que pueden existir prácticas que hacen del proceso de autoría una práctica corrupta o fraudulenta que pone en riesgo la credibilidad de los estudios.

Medical progress has always been directly related to scientific publications. Publication is the end point of research which permits universal dissemination of research findings and conclusions. If research, "… is not published, it does not exist." Although this might seem like a truism, the current criteria for what constitutes authorship has been built gradually through debate. Complete uniformity in this respect has not yet been reached, and not all editorial boards of scientific journals have explicit concepts on this subject. A committee consisting of the editors of prestigious medical journals has proposed conditions to be met by people who appear as authors of scientific publications and have proposed an order in which authors should appear. Similarly, they have proposed that for multicenter studies which involve a large number of contributors, the real authors should be made clear and should be clear in the order that authors are listed as well in the final document. It should be stated without any ingenuousness that practices may exist that corrupt the process of authorship or make it fraudulent and which therefore threaten the credibility of research.

A perícia psicológica em casos de suspeitade abuso sexual infanto-juvenil / The psychological expertise in cases of suspected sexual abuse of children and adolescents / Peritaje psicológica ante supuestos de abuso sexual infantojuvenil

Este trabalho teve como objetivo discutir a perícia psicológica em casos de suspeita de abuso sexual cometido contra crianças e adolescentes. São apresentados diversos modos de realização desse tipo de perícia em diferentes contextos no cenário mundial e é identificada a existência de alguns pontos relativamente consensuais entre os autores. Dentre esses pontos, a avaliação do impacto psíquico na suposta vítima e a avaliação da credibilidade do relato ganham especial ênfase devido às dificuldades de suas aplicações práticas no contexto pericial. Este estudo demonstra uma variedade de estratégias utilizadas nas avaliações psicológicas investigativasem casos de abuso sexual contra crianças e adolescentes, indicando uma tentativa, por parte dos profissionais, de lidarem com a complexidade inerentemente envolvida nestas situações.

This paper aimed to discuss the forensic psychological evaluation in cases of suspected of sexual abuse against children and adolescents. This study shows several ways this evaluation is carried out in different contexts worldwide, as well as the existence of some relatively consensual points among the authors. Within these issues, the assessment of the impact on the alleged victim and the credibility of the report receive special emphasis due to the difficulties their practical application in the forensic context. This study demonstrates a variety of strategies used on the investigative psychological assessment in case of sexual abuse against children and adolescents, indicating how professionals attempt to handle the inherent complexity involved in these situations.

Este estudio tuvo como objetivo discutir el peritaje psicológico ante supuestos de abuso sexual contra niños y adolescentes. Se presentan diversos modos de realización de ese tipo de peritaje en diferentes contextos en el escenario mundial y se identifica la existencia de algunos puntos de consenso entre los autores. Entre esos puntos, la evaluación del impacto psíquico en la supuesta víctima y la evaluación de la credibilidad del relato ganan especial énfasis debido a las dificultades de sus aplicaciones prácticas en el contexto experto. Este estudio demuestra una variedad de estrategias utilizadas en las evaluaciones psicológicas investigativas en casos de abuso sexual contra niños y adolescentes, lo que indica un intento, por parte de los profesionales, para hacer frente a la complejidad inherente en estas situaciones.

Credibilidad percibida del periodismo a través de la Internet: una visión desde la psicología del consumidor / Perceived Quality of Online Journalism: a Vision From Consumer Psychology

En el presente artículo se describen algunos criterios de credibilidad percibida que las personas usan cuando juzgan el periodismo en Internet. Estos criterios fueron comparados con los hallados en la literatura en contextos internacionales sobre credibilidad en el periodismo. Con una muestra de 166 participantes, quienes calificaron con una escala tipo Likert. Se exploró la credibilidad percibida que tienen los colombianos sobre el periodismo en Internet. Los resultados encontrados muestran que hay concordancia entre los criterios encontrados en la literatura y los usados por los lectores, no obstante, se halló una correlación negativa entre la dependencia al Internet (profesional/académica) y el nivel de credibilidad, al igual que entre las variaciones en el nivel de credibilidad con base en algunas variables socio-demográficas.

This article describes some perceived credibility criteria that people use when judging Internet journalism. These criteria were compared with those found in the literature on journalism credibility in international contexts. With a sample of 166 participants who rated with a Likert scale, the perceived credibility that Colombian people have about Internet journalism was explored. Results show that there is agreement between the criteria found in the research literature and those used by online readers, however, was found a negative correlation between Internet dependence (professional/scholar) and the level of credibility as well as between changes in the level of credibility and some socio-demographic variables.

Algumas reflexões sobre a psicanálise, ontem e hoje / Algunas reflexiones acerca del psicoanálisis, ayer y hoy / A few thoughts on psychonalysis yesterday and today

A partir da conferência de Freud sobre suas perspectivas quanto ao futuro da terapia psicanalítica, a autora faz alguns comentários e reflexões sobre a prática clínica nos dias de hoje.

Desde la conferencia de Freud sobre las perspectivas para el futuro de la terapia psicoanalítica, el autor hace algunas observaciones y reflexiones sobre la práctica clínica actual.

From Freud's conference on prospects of the future of psychoanalytic therapy, the author makes some comments and reflections on clinical practice today.

The Investigation of Current Information Regarding Renal Diseases in Mass Media

PURPOSE: We often have patients who acquired incorrect medical information from the mass media. The purpose of this study was to evaluate credibility of articles in newspapers and medical counseling on websites about renal diseases. METHODS: Kidney information was searched in 6 newspapers for the past 10 years, and 4 portal websites and 17 internet health counseling sites for the past 5 years. We classified them according to information providers and evaluated credibility by giving points 3, 2, 1 to correct, mostly correct but ambiguous, and incorrect contents, respectively. We compared the credibility of the groups with each other. RESULTS: Sixty four articles from newspapers, and 789 and 506 medical counselings from portal websites and internet health counseling sites were selected, respectively. The kidney information providers in newspapers were medical journalists(doctors)(31.2%), kidney specialists(doctors) (23.4%) and so on. The consultants in the portal sites were doctors(49.1%)and anonymous reporters(49.9%). In internet health counseling sites, 91% of the consultants were doctors. All articles in the newspapers were credible. Doctors' answers were more credible than nonphysicians'(P=0.005) and anonymous contributors(P<0.001) in portal sites. In health counseling sites, doctors answered more reliably than nonphysicians. CONCLUSIONS: The kidney information in newspapers was credible. It is important for questioners to confirm the type of consultants in websites. We suggest that doctors, especially kidney specialists need to increase their roles in offering information to mass media.

A Study for the Credibility of Dermatologic Articles in Free Newspapers / 대한피부과학회지

BACKGROUND: There has been increasing concern about dermatological health information among the general population. Despite the substantial amount of dermatological articles in the mass media, little is known about their credibility. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the credibility of dermatological articles in free newspapers, one of the recently popular mass media. METHODS: Articles including dermatological information were selected from 5 free newspapers from July 2006 to February 2007. They were classified according to theme and type of consultant and were evaluated for their credibility. RESULTS: A total of 361 articles were identified. Articles about self skin care (26.6%) were most frequent, followed by cosmetic therapy (18.7%), acne (17.1%), hair (16.5%) and atopic dermatitis (6.3%). As the consultants, dermatologists (38.0%) were most common, followed by oriental medical doctors (21.5%), non-medical consultants doctors (13.3%) and other medical specialists (13.0%). There were also articles without consultant input (14.6%). Credibility assessment revealed that 213 (67.4%) articles were credible, but 91 (28.8%) were incredible and 12 (3.8%) could not be evaluated based on the dermatological references. While most of the information from dermatologists and other medical specialists were credible, those from the other types of consultants or without consultant input showed a much higher proportion of incredible information. CONCLUSION: This study revealed that there are many incredible dermatological articles in free newspapers, most of which are consulted from those other than dermatologists or other medical specialists. Therefore we suggest that dermatologists need to increase their public health role in the mass media.

A propósito de la ética en opiniones expertas y dictámenes psicológicos y psiquiátricos en casos sospecha de abuso sexual infantil: ¿al mejor postor? / About ethics in expert opinions and psychological and psychiatric reports in cases of suspicion of sexual abuse of a minor: to the highest bid?

Este ensayo hace una serie de reflexiones importantes acerca del papel del testigo experto y del consultor técnico privado en el campo de la Psicología y Psiquiatría Pericial, donde el testigo experto puede ser un útil educador del Tribunal, dando un marco del cuerpo de conocimientos existente acerca de la naturaleza del abuso sexual infantil, reacciones comunes de las víctimas, patrones de revelación, memoria y sugestibilidad de los niños, y pueden ayudar a evaluar objetivamente la credibilidad de casos particulares. Sin embargo, con mucha facilidad el testigo experto puede hacer que sus puntos de vista correspondan a los intereses de la parte que los contrata. Entonces el estatus del experto se convierte en el de un testigo cuyo fin es lograr la victoria de una de las partes, aún al costo de la consideración de todos los datos científicos y profesionales existentes lo que puede devenir en el proceso de revictimización a través del sistema judicial por lo que debe insistirse en la necesidad de un compromiso ético y social con la infancia y adolescencia.

This essay brings to attention the role of the expert witness and the private technical consultant in the fields of Psychological and Psychiatric Expertise, in which the expert witness can be a useful educator to the Tribune, giving a background of the existing body of knowledge of the nature of sexual abuse of a minor, common reactions of victims, patterns of revelation, the child memory and suggestibility, and they can help to objectively evaluate the credibility in particular cases. Nevertheless, very easily can the expert witness make his or her points of view match those of the part who has hired him or her. Therefore, the status of the expert becomes that of a witness whose purpose is victory of one of the parts, even at the expense of the consideration of all the scientific and professional data existent that could turn out into the process of revictimizing through the judicial system, which is why an ethical and social commitment is needed towards children and adolescents.

Discussion on the development of the satisfaction questionnaire for emergency patients in general hospitals / 中华医院管理杂志

Satisfaction questionnaires for emergency patients were developed in the present study and face to face surveys were conducted. The rate of effective retrieval was 96.8% and the response rate was 96.2%. The ? coefficient for internal consistency was fairly high (0.7099～0.9217) and there was a fairly strong correlation between the various items and the subordinate factors (0.744～0.912, with the exception of B15). A factor analysis indicated that the factor load and structure were basically consistent with the contents of the questionnaire. A statistical analysis showed that the satisfaction questionnaire for emergency patients, which had both credibility and validity, could be used for evaluating emergency patient satisfaction and could provide hospitals with the basis for measuring medical quality.

Discusskm of hospital credibility / 中华医院管理杂志

The authors first expound the connotations of hospital credibility and then set forth a number of viewpoints. They hold that hospital credibility refers to the hospital's fulfillment of its commitments and obligations in its medical practice, that the hospital should attach importance to the value of credibility in advancing the medical cause, and that hospital credibility plays an indispensable role in the medical and health cause. Lastly, the authors give a detailed account of the principles for establishing hospital credibility, the standards and methods for evaluating hospital credibility, the system for cataloguing hospital credibility files, and the measures for enhancing hospital credibility.

Construct a Credibility system and Promote a Harmonious Hospital Development / 中国医学伦理学

It is crucial for the medical staff to build up mutual trust with patients by their credible attitude and behavior.As core competitiveness of the hospital,the fame of credibility is important to the development of building a harmonious hospital.Only by constructing the hospital's credibility system,integrating the principle of commitment to credibility into the hospital culture,making medical staff work according to this principle,and guiding the harmonious development of a hospital by the credibility culture,can make the hospital management achieve the ultimate goal and reach a satisfying state.