ABSTRACT
Introducción: Cuba es un país con avances en la educación y salud, pero se observan insuficiencias en la preparación de recursos humanos encargados de dar respuesta a necesidades de educación, salud, y derechos sexuales. La Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de La Habana ha realizado modificaciones de sus programas acorde a las exigencias actuales. Objetivos: Describir la percepción de estudiantes sobre la sexualidad, sus necesidades sobre el tema y los contenidos recibidos en el programa curricular de carrera de medicina. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio observacional descriptivo transversal, desde una perspectiva cuantitativa y cualitativa, en 33 estudiantes de 5to año de medicina, del Instituto de Ciencias Básicas y Preclínicas Victoria de Girón, que rotaron por Psiquiatría entre marzo y abril del 2017. Se seleccionaron todos los alumnos que cursaron la asignatura en ese periodo, que dieron su consentimiento informado y completaron las informaciones solicitadas. Se utilizaron métodos empíricos y teóricos de análisis. Resultados: El 66,67 por ciento de los encuestados consideró que habían recibido contenidos de sexualidad en la carrera y 93,93 por ciento que el tema era importante. La promiscuidad y relaciones sexuales no protegidas fueron problemas percibidos. Conclusiones: La mayoría de los alumnos percibieron que pueden orientar, pero hallaron dificultades para el diagnóstico de problemas sexuales. En general se trabaja poco el tema la sexualidad desde una perspectiva de género y de placer(AU)
Introduction: Cuba is a country with advances in education and health, but there are insufficiencies in the preparation of human resources to respond the needs of education, health, and sexual rights. The University Of Medical Sciences Of Havana has made modifications of its programs according to the current requirements. Objectives: To describe the perception of students about sexuality, the contents received in the curricular program of medical career and it needs. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional observational study was conducted, from a quantitative and qualitative perspective, on 33 5th year medical students from the Institute of Basic and Preclinical Sciences Victoria de Girón, who rotated for Psychiatry between March and April 2017. Were selected all the students who attended the course in that period, who gave their informed consent and completed the information requested. Empirical and theoretical methods of analysis were used. Results: 66.67 percent of the respondents considered that they had received contents of sexuality in the career and 93.93 percent that the subject was important. Promiscuity and unprotected sex were perceived problems. Conclusions: The majority of the students perceived that they can guide, but they found difficulties for the diagnosis of sexual problems. In general, the subject of sexuality is scarcely studied from a gender and pleasure perspective(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Students, Medical , Health Education , Cross-Sectional Studies , Coitus , Reproductive Rights , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Observational StudyABSTRACT
El presente trabajo tiene como propósito fundamentar la importancia que tiene en los diseños curriculares por competencias la identificación y concepción sistémica de un conjunto de habilidades que tributen a las habilidades profesionales que deben de caracterizar al médico que la sociedad actual exige, así como argumentar la pertinencia formativa que tiene la precisión y derivación de un sistema de habilidades lógico-intelectuales orientado a garantizar la formación de las habilidades profesionales del médico a egresar y en última instancia al logro de las competencias que distinguen al Perfil de Titulación de esta carrera. Se realizó una valoración de las competencias propuestas por el proyecto Tuning América Latina -para el médico latinoamericano- que conllevó a la precisión de la habilidad como uno de los elementos constitutivos de estas, pues su indefinición entorpece el logro de las competencias previstas. Las habilidades propias de este profesional constituyen la expresión práctica de la atención en salud que los mismos llevarán a cabo, lo que se debe evidenciar en los diferentes contextos formativos dirigidos a este fin caracterizados por una serie de condiciones irrepetibles propias del quehacer médico, donde se pondrá de manifiesto el logro o no de las competencias consideradas para la carrera de medicina.
This paper has the purpose to support the importance for curricular design of identifying and systemically conceiving a set of skills that may contribute to the professional skills that must characterize the physician demanded by the current society, as well as to provide scientific foundations for the training relevance to precise and derive a system of logical-intellectual skills oriented to guarantee the building of the forthcoming physician's professional skills and ultimately to the achievement of the competences that distinguish this major's working profile. We assessed the competences proposed by the project Tuning Latin America, for the Latin American physician, that led to specifying the skill as one of the constituent elements of these, since its lack of definition hinders the achievement of the previewed competences. This professional's proper skills constitute the practical expression of health care that they will carry out, which should be evidenced in the different training environments directed to this end characterized by a series of unrepeatable conditions of the medical profession, where the achievement will be shown or not by the competences considered for the medical major.
Subject(s)
Aptitude , Competency-Based Education , Curriculum , Medicine , Professional CompetenceABSTRACT
Realizado com um grupo de 28 escolas médicas brasileiras, este estudo mostra as tendências de mudanças para atender às Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais (DCN) com perspectiva de consolidação do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS). Faz parte do primeiro momento do projeto de avaliação de tendências de mudanças nos cursos de graduação das escolas médicas brasileiras, da Comissão de Avaliação das Escolas Médicas da Associação Brasileira de Educação Médica (Caem/Abem). As escolas responderam ao instrumento de pesquisa oferecido para sua auto-avaliação segundo a metodologia proposta, com resultados que mostram a percepção do curso como um todo na inter-relação de cinco eixos: Mundo do Trabalho, Projeto Pedagógico, Abordagem Pedagógica, Cenários da Prática e Desenvolvimento Docente. A maioria das escolas deste grupo (75%), na percepção de seus atores sociais, apresenta tipologia avançada e inovadora com tendência avançada para as transformações preconizadas no setor saúde. O eixo Desenvolvimento Docente mostra avanços menores em relação aos demais, o que sinaliza, neste momento do processo, um descompasso na dinâmica das ações para consolidar as mudanças. Demonstra a necessidade de aprofundar o estudo com o desenvolvimento dos processos avaliativos, que requer a construção de indicadores qualitativos e quantitativos capazes de auxiliar a identificação, o acompanhamento e a efetivação das mudanças.
The purpose of this study of Caem/Abem conducted in a group of twenty-eight Brazilian medical schools was to show the trends in the changes made for meeting the National Curricular Guidelines and consolidating the Brazilian Health System and represents the first stage of the Project for evaluating the change trends in the undergraduate courses of the Brazilian medical schools. The schools answered the self-evaluation instrument according to the proposed methodology. The results show that the course is perceived as inter-relation of five main axes: the world of work, the pedagogical project, the pedagogical approach, sceneries of practice and qualification of teachers. In the perception of their social actors, the greater part of the schools of this group (75%) can be classified as advanced and innovative, strongly tending to the transformations commended for the health sector. The item Qualification of Teachers shows minor advances than the others, indicating in this moment of the process a disproportion in the dynamics of actions for consolidating the changes. It shows the need for deepening the study by developing evaluation processes and constructing qualitative and quantitative indicators that allow identifying and monitoring the changes.