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Objective To study the value of CT lymphography (CT-LG) in evaluating axillary sentinel lymph nodes (SLN) of rabbit with breast cancer using 3D and curved planar reformation (CPR).Methods CT-LG examinations were completed on the VX2 rabbit models bearing breast cancer established by tumor tissue mass suspension injection.All raw data were transferred to a postprocessing workstation, then the 3D and CPR were used to show lymphatic vessel and lymph nodes.On the CT-LG images, one or several lymph nodes displayed firstly in the lymphatic drainage pathway was defined as the SLN which was then confirmed by the biopsy.Results (1) 20 rabbits bearing tumor underwnet CT-LG examinations, and both SLNs and draining lymphatic vessels were detected using 3D and CPR techniques.70% (14/20) of experimental rabbits had fine images, and 16 SLNs and 7 non-SLNs were demonstrated on 14 rabbits on CT-LG images with good quality.(2) 8 continuous lymphatic vessels displayed well, exhibiting a homogeneous and continuous tube with uniform contrast-medium filling on CPR images.Most lymphatic vessels demonstrated well, and the 14 vessels with local interrupt or fuzzy on 3D images showed continuous tubular contrast-filling with heterogeneous high-density on the CPR images from the injection sites to axillary SLN.Among 6 rabbits with poor images, 3 rabbits showed the SLN but without lymphatic vessels on 3D images, 2 showed only initial segment of lymphatic vessel,and 1 had no lymphatic vessel and SLN.(3) A total 24 SLNs were obtained by SLNB,including 18 metastatic SLNs and 6 negative ones.On CT-LG images, there were statistical differences between the metastatic and negative SLNs in the maximum diameter and filling defect (P=0.041 and P=0.001, respectively).However, the short diameter, shape and margin of SLNs had no statistical differences between the two groups (all P>0.05).Conclusion On CT-LG examinations, 3D and CPR images may show axillary SLNs and lymphatic vessels effectively,and CPR can demonstrate more details than 3D.The maximum diameter and fillingdefect of SLN are helpful for distinguishing metastatic and negative SLNs.
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Objective To probe into the anatomy and clinical application of the facial nerve canal surface by multislice spiral CT image curved planar reformation. Methods Fifty patients with facial nerve disease were selected as study group from January to November in 2010, 50 healthy subjects were selected as control group, using models of multislice spiral CT scan for the patient, scanning from the upper edge of the orbital under external auditory canal edge of the connection as a horizontal line, ranging from the lower edge of mastoid process to the petrous bone on the edge of the data obtained in the Wizard workstation reconstruction. All the measurements were more than two measurements of the average physician. Results Normal facial nerve canal in control group could be displayed clearly in an image, display rate was 100.00%(50/50), and the segment data could be accurately measured; axial reconstruction, reconstruction of coronal and sagittal reconstruction of the three comparison of measured direction, fan sections, horizontal and vertical segments of the length and diameter were not significantly different (P＞0.05), and the first and second bending angle of bending angle was no significant difference (P ＞ 0.05 ). Compared with control group, the patients with vascular disease in study group showed significantly decreased rate, the difference was significant (P ＜ 0.05). Conclusion Curved planar reformation of multislice spiral CT diagnosis of facial nerve canal disease has great clinical significance, should be widely applied.
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Objective To study the curved planar reformation (CPR) imagings of bony canals in craniofacial region with multislice spiral CT.Methods CPR of the bony canals in craniofacial regions were performed in 267 cases by using Philips Mx8000 multislice spiral CT,including facial nerve canal (FNC) in 217 cases,optic nerve canal (ONC) in 28 cases,mandibular canal in 9 cases,carotid canal in 7 cases, jugular foramen in 4 cases and hypoglossal canal in 2 . Scanning parameters were as followed : 120 kV , 200~250 mAs , collimation 0.5mm, pitch 0.625 or 0.875,scan time 0.75s/ring, matrix 512?512.Collimation and reformation interval were 0.5~1.0 mm and 0.2~0.5 mm separately, except for FNC,in which were 0.5 mm and 0.2 mm separately.Reformation matrix was all 1024?1024.Results Of all cases , the images of CPR in 11 were unsatisfied because of the head shaking during the scanning, in other 256 cases , images could show the whole length of canals clearly. In FNC,178 cases were normal , 18 cases had congenital abnormal in the external , middle or inner ear accompanied with changes of length , course and position. 8 cases of otomastoiditis accompanied with cholesteatoma involving facial canal. In 21 cases of temporal bone trauma accompanied with traumatic facial palsy, fracture lines or bony fragments of the FNC were found in 9 cases. 2 cases of facial nerve tumor and 2 cases of jugular foramen schwannoma accompanied with facial canal destruction.24 cases of ONCs were normal. Fracture lines or bony fragments of ONCs were found in 3 cases. Narrowing of ONC was found in 1 cases of fibrous dysplasia.Normal carotid canal was seen in 2 cases, there were 2 cases of carotid canal fracture.1 cases of bony destruction of carotid canal caused by cholesteatoma of petrous apex. Jugular foramen was normal in 2 cases. Destruction and enlargement of jugular foramen were found in 2 cases of schwannoma. In 1 cases, hypoglossal nerve canal was normal. Destruction and enlargement of hypoglossal nerve canal were found in the other cases of schwannoma. Mandibular canal were normal in 4 cases and was involved in 2 cases by mandibular osteomyelitis and mandibular fracture,respectively, and 1 case by mandibular tumor. Conclusion The bony canals in craniofacial regions can be shown clearly by CPR with multislice spiral CT . It can provide more valuable informations than that of the axial scan and multiplanar reformation in the diagnosis of diseases of craniofacial region and was the important supplement of routine CT scan.
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Objective To study the method and diagnostic value of curved planar reformation(CPR)of body canals with multislice spiral CT.Methods 50 patients with various disease of chest and abdomen scanned by multislice spiral CT.CPR of canals of chest and abdomen were performed.Results The images of CPR were acquired satisfactory in all cases.3 cases were normal.There were vascular diseases of chest in 6 cases,lung cancer in 9 cases,disease of abdominal vessels in 10 cases,disease of biliary tract in 10 cases.Carcinoma of the head of pancrease in 4 cases,ureter cancer in 4 cases,ureter stone in 2 cases,tuberculosis of ureter in 1 case,malformation of ureter in 1 case.Conclusion CPR of body canal with multislice spiral CT is an effective method in the diagnosis of various diseases of chest and abdomen.It is an useful supplement of routine CT scan.
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Objective To observe and measure the facial nerve canal(FNC) in curved planar reformation by multislice spiral CT.Methods High resolution computed tomography (HRCT)of temporal bone was performed in 40 cases (80 ears) by multislice spiral CT. Curved planar reformation of FNC was performed separately in axial, coronal and sagittal plane of multiplanar reconstruction. The morphology and measurement of FNC were studied.Results The mean length of FNC was (29.73?1.07)mm. The mean length of the labyrinthine, tympanic and mastoid segment was (5.6?0.74)mm, (10.66?0.79)mm and (13.47?1.01)mm respectively. The mean diameter of the l-abyrinthine, geniculate fossa, tympanic and mastoid segment was (0.76?0.16)mm, (2.37?0.63)mm, (1.03?0.16)mm and (1.57?0.31)mm respectively. The mean angle of first and second genu was 67.04??9.41? and 114.25??8.44? respectively. The distance between the tympanic segment and ampulla of the lateral semicircular canal was (0.57?0.19)mm. The distance between the tympanic segment and arch of the lateral semicircular canal was (1.59?0.61)mm. The mean angle between the tympanic segment of the facial nerve canal and the lateral semicircular canal was 10.63??3.60?. The tympanic course of the facial nerve canal formed an angle of 34.65??5.39? with the sagittal plane. Dehiscences was found in 89% FNC, 73.7% of them only located in the tympanic portion and 26.3% both in the mastoid and tympanic portions. Conclusion Curved planar reformation of FNC by multislice spiral CT is the good method to study the anatomy of FNC,and in combination with HRCT axial scan and multiplanar reconstrution can obtain more valuable information.