ABSTRACT
Este artigo pretende rever a origem do conceito de Psicoses Cicloides, a sua psicopatologia e a sua evolução. Através de uma análise da literatura, os autores procuram perceber a validade nosológica deste conceito, assim como o seu enquadramento atual e a sua utilidade futura na psiquiatria.
This paper intends to review the origin of the concept of cycloid psychoses, its psychopathology and its evolution. By analyzing the literature, the authors seek to delineate the nosological validity of this concept, as well as its current delimitation and its future utility in psychiatry.
Cet article a pour but de passer en revue l'origine du concept des psychoses cycloïdes, sa psychopathologie et son évolution. Une analyse de la littérature a permis aux auteurs de déterminer la validité nosologique de ce concept, ainsi que sa délimitation actuelle et son utilité future pour la psychiatrie.
Este artículo pretende revisar el origen del concepto de Psicosis Cicloides, su psicopatología y su evolución. A través de un análisis de la literatura, los autores buscan percibir la validez nosológica de este concepto, así como su actual marco y su utilidad futura en la psiquiatría.
Dieser Artikel hat zum Zweck, den Ursprung des Konzepts der Zykloiden Psychosen, seine Psychopathologie und seine Entwicklung zu untersuchen. Anhand einer Literaturanalyse versuchen die Autoren, die nosologische Gültigkeit dieses Konzepts, seine aktuelle Abgrenzung und seinen zukünftigen Nutzen für die Psychiatrie zu erörtern.
ABSTRACT
We describe a case of recurrent, life-threatening, catatonic stupor, without evidence of any associated medical, toxic or mental disorder. This case provides support for the inclusion of a separate category of "unspecified catatonia" in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 5th edition (DSM-5) to be used to classify idiopathic cases, which appears to be consistent with Kahlbaum's concept of catatonia as a distinct disease state. But beyond the limited, cross-sectional, syndromal approach adopted in DSM-5, this case more importantly illustrates the prognostic and therapeutic significance of the longitudinal course of illness in differentiating cases of catatonia, which is better defined in the Wernicke-Kleist-Leonhard classification system. The importance of differentiating cases of catatonia is further supported by the efficacy of antipsychotics in treatment of this case, contrary to conventional guidelines.
Subject(s)
Antipsychotic Agents , Catatonia , Classification , Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders , Mental Disorders , Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome , Schizophrenia , StuporABSTRACT
Background: Although the term "zycloiden psychosen" was first used by Karl Kleist in 1926 to group together disorders, which had presented with sudden onset, brief episodic course, polymorphous psychotic symptoms and good inter-episode recovery, its origin can be traced back to 1880s. Despite its existence in the community, for so long, the diagnosis of cycloid psychosis is only seldom made, making it a unique disorder. Hence, there seems to be lack of awareness of this rare entity even among the psychiatrists. Case description: A middle-aged woman with abrupt onset of recurrent brief episodes of psychotic symptoms, and complete inter-episode recovery, was admitted with history of alleged consumption of poison in a state of confusion. During psychotic episodes, motility disturbances were predominant. The current episode lasted for about two weeks. Discussion: This case doesn't satisfy the criteria for schizophrenia or affective illness. Although ICD-10 describes 'acute polymorphic psychotic disorder' (F23.0, F23.1) it requires the presence of typical schizophrenic symptoms for its diagnosis and is usually not recurrent. The closest this case resembles is cycloid psychosis, meeting three of four Perris criteria. Conclusion: The diagnosis of such unusual cases of psychosis predicts the prognosis and helps in assessment and management of future episodes.