ABSTRACT
Bladder cancer is one of the leading malignancies in the world associated with signi?cant morbidity and mortality. About 80% of a bladder cancer is urothelial variant, remaining 20% will have a divergent histological presentation. The pathophysiological study of these variants has recently increased because the therapeutic approach is not uniform for all variants. These variants have important diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic implications. A molecular and genetic study of these variants will allow them to be better de?ned. Here we present four cases of Histological variants of bladder tumors with varying presentations in the department of urology, Madurai medical college, which is studied over the period of one year (2022-2023).
ABSTRACT
Actinomycosis is a rare chronic granulomatous suppurative infection caused by Gram-positive bacteria. The occurrence of primary vesical actinomycosis is extremely rare and only a few cases have been reported. Pre-operative diagnosis of vesical actinomycosis is challenging as the clinical and radiological features usually point towards bladder malignancy. Therefore, in most cases, definitive diagnosis is usually made after histopathological examination of the involved tissue. A 60-year-old male presented with complaints of hematuria, burning micturition, irritative, and obstructive urinary symptoms for 15 days. USG revealed a large soft-tissue mass having a polypoidal intraluminal and extraluminal component and involving the right posterolateral urinary bladder wall. CT scan showed a large irregular soft-tissue mass with multiple cystic lesions involving the right lateral wall of the urinary bladder. Transurethral resection of bladder mass biopsy was performed and the histopathological examination showed bacterial colonies of Actinomyces with changes of cystitis cystica. The patient was treated with amoxicillin and potassium clavulanate for 3 months. Actinomycosis should be kept as a rare differential diagnosis in cases presenting as bladder mass. The diagnosis is most commonly made by histopathology and may need a repeat biopsy to arrive at the correct diagnosis. The patient should be treated by penicillin group of antibiotics for 2–3 months and followed up for years to detect any recurrence
ABSTRACT
Se presenta el caso de una mujer de 73 años, con historia de hematuria macroscópica de aparición reciente, con presencia de quistes en toda la extensión de la mucosa vesical, y con diagnóstico por biopsias de vejiga, de una cistitis glandular. Se habla de cistopatía quística cuando los quistes se encuentran difusamente en la vejiga, y frecuentemente coexiste con lipomatosis pélvica en pacientes obesas, como la que reportada aquí. Es considerada una lesión premaligna y por eso es importante un seguimiento cuidadoso con cistoscopias periódicas. La cistitis quística se presenta más frecuentemente en hombres y en personas de mayor edad. Macroscópicamente, se manifiesta con nódulos submucosos únicos o múltiples, y los hallazgos histológicos son la presencia de nidos uroteliales redondeados, con dilatación quística dentro de la lámina propia, y paralelos a la superficie urotelial.
The case of a 73-year-old woman with a history of recent appearance of gross hematuria and diffuse cystic bladder lesions, diagnosed through a bladder biopsy with cystitis cystica glandularis is here in reported. Cystic cystopathy is reviewed. It is caractherized by cysts found diffusely throughout the bladder and it frequently coexists with pelvic lipomatosis in obese patients, such as the one in the case reported. It is considered a premalignant lesion, therefore careful follow-up with periodic cystoscopy is indicated. Cystitis cystica is found more often among males and elders. Macroscopically, it occurs as single or multiple submucosal nodules and the histological findings are the presence of rounded urothelial nests with cystic dilation within the lamina propria and parallel to the urothelial surface.