Citocinas de resposta Th1 e Th2 e diabetes mellitus tipo 1 / Th1 and Th2 response cytokins in type 1 diabetes mellitus

O diabetes mellitus tipo 1 (DM1) é uma doença autoimune crônica, onde as células T autorreativas destroem as células beta pancreáticas levando à dependência de insulina exógena. Para o desenvolvimento do DM1 são necessárias numerosas interações entre as células do sistema imunológico, principalmente mediadas por citocinas de resposta T helper 1 (Th1) e T helper 2 (Th2). O presente estudo teve como objetivo analisar a relação das citocinas de resposta Th1 e Th2 no desenvolvimento do DM1 por meio de uma revisão de literatura, avaliando artigos científicos eletrônicos publicados entre os anos de 2001 e 2016, além de livros de imunologia aplicados à clínica. Diversos estudos na literatura demonstram que o perfil de secreção de citocinas durante o desenvolvimento do DM1 é de padrão Th1 onde temos como principais constituintes a IL-2 e o IFN-y. Já as citocinas de resposta Th2, compostas basicamente pela IL-4, IL-6 e IL-10, são responsáveis por bloquear a evolução do DM1. Através desses dados conclui-se que o entendimento dos aspectos imunológicos constitui a base para detecção e prevenção do DM1, sendo a disponibilidade de citocinas clonadas e purificadas uma nova perspectiva para terapias clínicas específicas para modular a resposta imune

Type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM1) is a chronic autoimmune disease, where as autoreactive T cells destroy as pancreatic beta cells leading to exogenous insulin dependence. For the development of DM1, interactions between immune system cells, mainly mediated by cytokines of T helper 1 (Th1) and T helper 2 (Th2) are required. The present study aimed to analyze the relationship of Th1 and Th2 response cytokines in the development of DM1, through a review of the literature, evaluating electronic scientific articles published between 2001 and 2016, as well as immunology books applied to the clinic. Several studies in the literature demonstrate that the cytokine secretion profile during the development of DM1 is of the Th1 pattern where we have as main constituent of IL-2 and IFN-γ. As Th2 response cytokines, composed mainly of IL-4, IL-6 and IL-10, they are responsible for blocking the progression of DM1. Through conclusive data, it is a point of view for the prevention of DM1. With the availability of cloned and purified cytokines a new perspective for specific clinical therapies to modulate the immune response

The Research Progress on Anti-inflammatory Effects and the Therapy to Acute Lung Injury of Emodin / 浙江中医药大学学报

[Objective] To explore the anti-inflammatory effects of emodin and its therapeutic effect on acute lung injury. [Methods] By means of analyzing the relevant literatures in PUBMED,CNKI,CBM,Wanfang and Vip Da-tabase from 1998 to 2012,summarized the anti-inflammatory effects and mecha-nisms of emodin, as wel as its therapeutic effect on acute lung injury. [Results] A variety of studies have confirmed the anti-inflammatory effects of emodin, whose mechanism is related to emodin inhibiting the activation of NF-kappa B,modulaing various inflammatory factors, etc. In addition, the effect of emodin in the treatment of acute lung injury has been confirmed on celland animal levels. [Conclusion] Emodin has good prospect of clinical application.

Langerhans Cells and Cytokines in UV-irradiated Melanocytic Nevi / 대한피부과학회지

BACKGROUND: It is well established that UV-induced DNA damage is involved in the mutation of oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes, and the subsequent development of skin cancers. Langerhans cells (LC) are thought to play an important role in the presentation of tumor antigens for the induction of anti-tumor immunity. Cytokines may have a key role in the UV-induced modulation of the skin's immune system. OBJECTIVE: To clarify the role of Langerhans cells, cytokines in UV-irradiated Melanocytic Nevi vs non-irradiated melanocytic nevi. METHODS: Skin biopsies from 10 melanocytic nevi, taken from partially covered melanocytic navi and irradiated part with a defined UV dose, were examined. Immunohistochemical staining was used for the quantitative distribution of LC and the expression of cytokines which are related to LC migration and maturation (TNF-alpha and GM-CSF), Th1 response (IL-12), and Th2 response (IL-10). RESULTS: LC number increased in non-irradiated neoplastic epithelium compared to control skin. In UV-exposed nevi, LC density decreased significantly but a constant number was still maintained. TNF-alpha and GM-CSF were predominently expressed in lesional epithelium and some nevus cells, 2 days after irradiation. GM-CSF expression in nevus cells was maintained up to 7 days after exposure. IL-10 was expressed in epidermis 2 days after exposure. While IL-12 was weakly positive and maintained up to 7 days in unexposed lesional epidermis, it was not detected after 2 days but reappeared in an exposed lesion after 7 days. CONCLUSION: Langerhans cells (LC) modulated by cytokines in UV-exposed skin may have a functional role in UV-induced carcinogenesis.

Protective Effects of Salvia Miltiorrhiza on Small Intestinal Ischemia Reperfusion Injury During Intestinal Transplantation Induced by Cytokines in Rats / 医学研究杂志

Objective To explore the protective effect of Salvia miltiorrhiza on small intestinal ischemia reperfusion injury during intestinal transplantation induced by cytokines in rats.Methods Sixty Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into sham operation group,model group and low,mid,high doze treatment group,the superior mesenteric artery was occluded and then released to simulate the model of small intestinal ischemia reperfusion during intestinal transplantation.Tumor necrosis factor-?,interleukin-1?,interleukin-8 both in the plasm and small intestinal tissue were evaluated by ELISA 2 hours after reperfusion,changes of pathology in intestinal mucosa were observed.Results TNF-?,IL-1?,IL-8 were significantly higer(P

Combination effect of captopril and losartan on cell adhesion molecules and cytokines in the patients with coronary heart disease / 中国临床药理学与治疗学

AIM: To explore the effect of the combination of captopril and losartan on the sICAM-1, sVCAM-1, TNF-?, and TGF-? in the patients with coronary heart disease. METHODS: sICAM-1, sVCAM-1 and TGF-? were measured with ELISA, and TNF-? was measured with RIA in the patients with or without the treatment of captopril and losartan. RESULTS: sICAM-1 and TNF-? decreased, and TGF-? increased distinctly in the patients given a combination of captopril and losartan compared with patients without the drugs. sVCAM-1 had the tendency of decrease in combined therapy, but no significant difference showed compared with the control patients. CONCLUSION: The combination of captopril and losartan has the effects on the cell adhesion molecules and cytokins in patients with coronary heart disease.