ABSTRACT
Objetivo: evaluar la capacidad emulsificante de almidón nativo, hidrolizados e hidrolizadosËlipofilizados a partir del tubérculo de ñame (Dioscorea rotundata). Método: el almidón se obtuvo por el método de rayado y decantación convencionales. Se evaluó el almidón de ñame nativo, que se hidrolizó en medio ácido (40 g almidón+100 mL Agua+3.4 g HCl por 6 horas a 50 °C). Parte del almidón hidrolizado se lipofilizó a dos niveles (10 y 15 mL) mediante reacción con anhídrido dodecenil succínico (DDSA). La capacidad emulsificante se calculó mezclando 25 mL de aceite de maíz, 25 mL de agua y 1 g de almidón por triplicado con fuerte homogenización ( Ultra Turrax®), midiéndose la cantidad de material aún emulsificado luego de 24 horas. Resultados: se apreciaron variaciones de las propiedades en la comparación del almidón nativo. Los porcentajes de sustitución de los almidones, se observa fácilmente la tendencia esperada, es decir, en tanto mayor cantidad de reactivo, mayor sustitución. Se demuestra que la lipofilización del almidón incrementa su capacidad emulsificante. Conclusiones: los almidones lipofilizados con anhidro dodecenil succínico (DDSA) pueden considerarse una nueva alternativa de materia prima en la industria cosmética(AU)
Objectives: to assess the emulsifying capacity of the native starch, the hydrolyzed and hydrolyzed-lipophilyzed products from the tuber Yam (Dioscorea rotundata), Methods: the starch was obtained by the conventional method of grating and decant. Native yam starch was evaluated. It was hydrolyzed in an acid medium (40 g starch+100 mL water+3,4 g HCl for 6 hours at 50 °C). Part of the hydrolyzed starch was lipophilyzed at two levels (10 and 15 mL) through reaction with dodecenyl succinic anhydride (DDSA). The emulsifying capacity was calculated by mixing 25 mL of corn oil, 25 mL of water and 1 g of starch in triplicate with strong homogenization (Ultra Turrax®), and the amount of material still emulsified after 24 hours was then measured. Results: there were observed variations in the native starch properties. It was easy to observe the expected tendency in the substitution percentages of starches, that is, the more reagent, the more substitution. The results showed that the lipophilitation of starch increases the emulsifying capacity. Conclusions: the starches lipophilyzed with dodecenyl succinic anhydride (DDSA) are raw materials that can be considered as a new alternative in the cosmetics industry(AU)
Subject(s)
Starch , Dioscorea , Emulsifying AgentsABSTRACT
Los aceites esenciales son conocidos por sus numerosas actividades biológicas y organolépticas, pero su empleo suele verse limitado por su alta volatilidad y tendencia a degradarse. La microencapsulación es una estrategia válida para superar estos inconvenientes. En este trabajo se empleó almidón de ñame (D. rotundata), el cual fue sometido a procesos de hidrólisis y lipofilización, empleando anhídrido dodecenilsuccínico (DDSA); esto incrementó significativamente las capacidades captadora de aceite y emulsificante (tensoactiva) del almidón nativo, el cual se empleó para microencapsular aceite esencial de tomillo, que en estudios previos demostró potente actividad antibacteriana sobre las cepas involucradas en el desarrollo del acné. La microencapsulación se llevó a cabo por microparticulación lipídica sólida, seguida de emulsificación. Esta alcanzó una eficiencia superior al 98%, y el producto obtenido, desafiado en diversas pruebas, demostró capacidad de retener más del 90% del aceite esencial en condiciones de evaporación, evitando su oxidación y el cambio en su perfil de composición. Finalmente, las microcápsulas de aceites esenciales de tomillo, al ponerse en contacto con las bacterias del acné, mantuvieron su actividad bactericida. Los resultados de este trabajo aportan al desarrollo de formulaciones farmacéuticas, cosméticas y alimentarias estables y funcionales de aceites esenciales, al protegerlos de la evaporación y degradación.
Essential oils are known for their numerous biological and organoleptic activities, but their use is often limited by high volatility and tendency to degrade. Microencapsulation is a valid strategy to overcome these drawbacks. In this paper starch yam (D. rotundata) was used, which was subjected to hydrolysis processes and lipophilization using dodecenyl succinic (DDSA) anhydride, this significantly increased the scavenging capacity of oil and emulsifier (surfactant) of native starch, which was used to microencapsulate thyme essential oil, that in previous studies showed potent antibacterial activity on strains involved in the development of acne. Microencapsulation was conducted by microparticulation solid lipid, followed by emulsification. This reached an efficiency of over 98%, and the product obtained, challenged by various trials, demonstrated ability to hold more than 90% of essential oil under evaporation conditions, avoiding oxidation and change in composition profile. Finally, the microcapsules of essential oil of thyme at contact the acne bacteria, maintained its bactericidal activity. The results of this study contribute to the development of pharmaceutical, cosmetic and food formulations stable and functional based on essential oils, to protect degradation and evaporation.
ABSTRACT
Objective: To research three-dimensional computed tomography angiography (3D-CTA) combined three-dimensional digital subtraction angiography (3D-DSA) in the diagnosis of intracranial aneurysms. Methods: 3D-CTA and 3D-DSA were performed in 27 cases with Highly suspected in patients with intracranial aneurysms, And compared with the final outcome of surgery. To evaluate 3D-CTA and 3D-DSA in the detection rate of aneurysms, three-dimensional shape and spatial relations ability to display. Research 3D-CTA combined 3D-DSA in the diagnosis of intracranial aneurysms. Results: Twenty-seven cases of suspected patients, 25 cases of surgical treatment of confirmed aneurysms, 28 aneurysms found. 3D-CTA and 3D-DSA rate of aneurysms was no significant difference. 3D-CTA of the aneurysm can be accurately detected clearly shows its three-dimensional shape and spatial relationship with the surrounding skull, 3D-DSA for aneurysm neck, the tumor and the aneurysm and parent artery relationship shows clear and accurate. Conclusion: Imaging of intracranial aneurysm diagnosis, 3D-CTA and 3D-DSA have their respective advantages, combined two methods can improve the detection rate of aneurysms. 3D-CTA combined 3D-DSA have support of design for operation.
ABSTRACT
Objective To explore the clinical value of 3-dimensional digital subtraction angiography(3D-DSA)in the diagnosis and therapy of intracranial aneurysms.Methods 2-dimensional digital subtraction angiography (2D-DSA)and 3D-DSA was performed respectively on 1 53 patients,including 1 5 1 cases with spontaneous subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH),1 case with headache and 1 case with cerebral infarction;Meanwhile,to compare the difference in diagnosis of intracranial aneurysms between 2D-DSA and 3D-DSA.Results 1 12 patients(125 pieces)with intracranial aneurysms were detected on 2D-DSA,its detecting rate was 73.2%(1 12/1 53 );136 patients(1 52 pieces)with intracranial aneurysms were detected on 3D-DSA,its detecting rate was 88.9%(136/1 53)(χ2 =12.254,P <0.05).The displaying rate of 3D-DSA for the relationship between carrying tumor artery and aneurysms and the necks of aneurysms was 100%(1 52/1 52),however,the displaying rate of 2D-DSA for that was 61.6%(77/125)(χ2 =63.993,P <0.05). Conclusion 3D-DSA can improved the diagnostic accurate rate of intracranial aneurysms,it is important in chosing the therapeutic regimen.