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ABSTRACT In order to strengthen the physical education of college students, it is necessary to reasonably allocate university sports public service resources. In order to improve the allocation of university sports resources, this study constructs the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) model by analyzing the proportion of public sports service facilities in colleges and universities. Through the selection of input index and output index of sports public service facilities in colleges and universities, as well as selecting 20 colleges and universities as decision-making units, this paper constructs a DEA model, and studies the use of the DEA Tobit two-stage method to evaluate the matching efficiency of public sports service facilities in colleges and universities. The results show that the pure technical efficiency of sports public service facilities in colleges and universities is effective, and the scale efficiency of most colleges and universities is relatively high, and the proportion of sports facilities is relatively reasonable. However, there are still large problems in the proportion of public sports service facilities in colleges and universities, so it is necessary to adjust the proportion and scale of sports facilities allocation reasonably. This study verified the effectiveness of the DEA model in evaluating the proportion of public sports service facilities in colleges and universities, hoping to provide certain reference for improving the proportion of public sports service facilities in colleges and universities.
RESUMO A fim de reforçar a educação física dos estudantes universitários, é necessário aloca de forma razoável os recursos públicos de serviços desportivos universitários. A fim de melhorar a alocação de recursos desportivos universitários, este estudo constrói o modelo de Análise por Envoltória de Dados (Data Envelopment Analysis — DEA) ao analisar a proporção de instalações de serviço esportivo público em faculdades e universidades. Através da seleção do índice de entrada e índice de saída de instalações de serviços públicos esportivos universitários, bem como da seleção de vinte faculdades e universidades como unidades de tomada de decisão, este estudo constrói um modelo DEA e estuda o uso do método DEA Tobit em duas fases para avaliar a respectiva eficiência das instalações de serviços públicos desportivos em faculdades e universidades. Os resultados mostram que a eficiência técnica das instalações de serviços públicos desportivos em faculdades e universidades é eficaz, e a eficiência em escala da maioria das faculdades e universidades é relativamente alta, e a proporção de instalações esportivas é relativamente razoável. No entanto, ainda há grandes problemas na proporção de instalações públicas de serviço desportivo em faculdades e universidades, pelo que é necessário ajustar razoavelmente a proporção e a escala das instalações desportivas atribuídas. Este estudo verificou a eficácia do modelo DEA na avaliação da proporção de instalações públicas de serviço desportivo em faculdades e universidades na esperança de fornecer certa referência para melhorar a proporção de instalações públicas de serviço desportivo nesses locais.
RESUMEN Para fortalecer la educación física de los estudiantes universitarios, es necesario asignar razonablemente los recursos del servicio público deportivo universitario. Con el fin de mejorar la asignación de recursos deportivos universitarios, este estudio construye el modelo Análisis Envolvente de Datos (Data Envelopment Analysis DEA) analizando la proporción de instalaciones de servicios públicos deportivos en colegios y universidades. Mediante la selección del índice de entrada y de salida de las instalaciones de servicio público deportivo en colegios y universidades, así como la selección de 20 colegios y universidades como unidades de toma de decisiones, este documento construye un modelo DEA y estudia el uso del método DEA Tobit de dos etapas para evaluar la eficiencia de emparejamiento de las instalaciones de servicios deportivos públicos en colegios y universidades. Los resultados muestran que la eficiencia técnica pura de las instalaciones de servicio público deportivo en los colegios y universidades es efectiva, y la eficiencia de escala de la mayoría de los colegios y universidades es relativamente alta y la proporción de instalaciones deportivas es relativamente razonable. Sin embargo, todavía existen grandes problemas en la proporción de instalaciones de servicios deportivos públicos en colegios y universidades, por lo que es necesario ajustar la proporción y la escala de la asignación de instalaciones deportivas de manera razonable. Este estudio verificó la efectividad del modelo DEA al evaluar la proporción de instalaciones de servicios deportivos públicos en colegios y universidades, con la esperanza de proporcionar cierta referencia para mejorar la proporción de instalaciones de servicios deportivos públicos en colegios y universidades.
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Humans , Sports , Universities , Public Facilities , EfficiencyABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE：To evaluate the efficiency of drug safety supervision in Guangdong priovince and provide optimization suggestion for improving the construction of drug safety supervision system. METHODS ：Taking 21 cities in Guangdong province as samples ， the supervision input （supervision funds investment ， supervision and inspection of enterprises）-output（the rate of administrative penalty and qualified rate of sampling inspection ）data were collected from 2017 to 2018. Super-efficiency data envelopment analysis （DEA）model and Malmqusit index were used to analyze the efficiency of drug safety supervision from both static and dynamic point of view. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS ：In static efficiency evaluation ， average drug safety supervision super-efficiency DEA in Guangdong province was 0.810，and the overall efficiency of drug safety supervision was in the low level ；among different cities ，there were obvious differences in supervision efficiency ；DEA values of only 5 cities（Shenzhen，Zhanjiang，Shaoguan，Qingyuan，Yangjiang）were higher than 1 and had achieved relatively effective results，while those of remaining cities were all invalid. In dynamic efficiency evaluation ，average Malmqusit index of drug safety supervision in Guangdong province was 0.787，which was decreased by 21.30％ in 2018 than 2017；the level of drug safety supervision in the whole province was declining ，and the main reason for the decline in the efficiency of drug safety supervision was technical backwardness ；technical efficiency played a promoter role in supervision efficiency to a certain extent. It is suggested that the efficiency improvement of drug safety supervision should further optimize resource allocation ，strengthen the level of supervision technical innovation ，expand the supervision scale ，and coordinate regional regulatory balance according to local conditions，so as to improve the construction of drug safety supervision system in Guangdong province.
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OBJECTIVE： To provide reference for pharmaceutical enterprises to enhance the R&D capability and improve the R&D investment strategy. METHODS： The annual report data of 13 listed pharmaceutical enterprises in southwest China were collcted. Taking fixed assets， operating costs， the number of employees in service and the amount of R&D investment as input indicators， net profit， operating income and earnings per share as output indicators， the efficiency values were calculated by using MyDEA 1.0 software based on super-efficiency DEA model. The operating efficiency of enterprises with or without R&D input were compared； the contribution rate of R&D investment to enterprises were calculated. Finally， Wilcoxon symbolic rank test was carried out by using SPSS 20.0 software to compare the difference. RESULTS： From 2013 to 2015， 10 of the 13 listed pharmaceutical enterprises had increased their R&D investment， which indicated that listed pharmaceutical enterprises in southwest China paid more attention to R&D investment. For three consecutive years， the efficiency value of R&D investment of the 13 listed pharmaceutical enterprises was significantly higher than that of the enterprises without R&D investment， and the number of the former reaching DEA efficiency was more， indicating that R&D investment was positively correlated with the operational efficiency of pharmaceutical enterprises. The Wilcoxon symbol rank test also confirmed that R&D investment was an effect input. After three enterprises joined the R&D input index， their operational efficiency was improved， and their R&D contribution was greater. Five enterprises had zero R&D contribution， their efficiency value remained unchanged whether or not they joined R&D input. The R&D contribution of other listed pharmaceutical enterprises varied greatly in each year. CONCLUSIONS： At the overall level of the industry， enterprises should increase their R&D investment and pay attention to improving R&D efficiency， establish a sound R&D innovation system and R&D personnel training mechanism， establish an integrated training mode of production， learning and research； the government should create an environment to support R&D activities of pharmaceutical enterprises. For individual enterprises， different strategies should be adopted based on practical situation in order to improve the pulling effect of R&D input on the operational efficiency of enterprises.
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Objective:To evaluate the efficiency of basic medical insurance operated by commercial insurance in Anhui and provide evidence for medical insurance management system reform.Methods:Using the ultra-efficient DEA model to evaluate the efficiency of basic medical insurance operated by commercial insurance in 2016.Results:The pilot areas with comprehensive effective efficiency accounted 40％ of the evaluated pilot areas,increasing returns to scale occurs in 30％ pilot areas and decreasing returns to scale occurs in 40％ pilot areas.Conclusion:It needed to improve the management level of commercial insurance companies and services capabilities of operators.
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Objective To evaluate operating efficiency of 68 Zhejiang Provincial tertiary public hospitals in 2015 and analyze the reason of the efficiency differences among different types of hospitals so as to put forward correspondent policy suggestions.Methods Adopting the three-stage DEA model analysis upon filtering the external influencing factors and random error to the hospital and quantitatively evaluating the comprehensive technical efficiency,pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency of the hospitals.Results The result shows that it is necessary to carry out three-stage DEA model analysis.The mean value of hospital efficiency increases by 0.1,which is higher than before adjustment.Provincial hospitals efficiencies are higher than those of the non-provincial hospitals.Efficiencies of general hospitals are higher than those of the traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM) hospitals and the specialized hospitals.Conclusion Specialized hospitals utilize more resources than the TCM hospitals.The efficiency of provincial hospitals are relatively high,but they are facing the risk of excessive expansion.There is room for efficiency improvement.Prospective policies need to be initiated to make the hospital administrators change their management concept,control the scale of hospital,promote the fine management so as to achieve sustainable development.Furthermore,policies are needed to be adopted to support the development of TCM hospitals.
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Objectives:To study efficiency characteristics and changes of county hospitals based on data envel-opment analysis model from 2008 to 2012 . Methods:A three-stage DEA model which can exclude the external envi-ronment variable on its efficiency is also added along with the C2 R and BC2-DEA traditional model. Results: From 2008 to 2012, the technical efficiency value was ranging between 0. 723 and 0. 681 in county hospitals, the pure technical efficiency was 0 . 785~0 . 771 and the scale efficiency value scaled between 0 . 908 and 0 . 897 . These values showed a low efficiency, but had annually improved. This reflects that the new health care reform policies have played an important role in improving county hospitals efficiency. Development of medical service ability is behind the development of hospital scale. How to improve the service and management capabilities has gradually become a major direction to improve the county hospital efficiency.
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Objective: To analyze the efficiency and differences of China Community Health Service, to analyze the shares of eastern-middle-western regional differences and the difference within each region in the total efficiency difference. Methods: The super efficiency DEA model and decomposition of Gini coefficient by Subgroups are used to analyze the provincial data in China from 2008 to 2011. Results: The eastern-central-western regional difference is the major cause of the efficiency differences in China Community Health Service. In the meantime, the shares of the difference within each region in the total efficiency difference are also non-negligible. Conclusion: To narrow the efficiency differences among eastern, central and western areas; improve the inter-regional flow of community health service resources; improve the support and supervision on the backward regions; make regional policies to coordinate the internal resources of community health services and strengthen the assessment mechanism using efficiency as the indicator.
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Objective: Based on the input-output efficiency evaluation index system of community health service system, analyze the operating efficiency of community health service system in Hunan. Methods:Use the ultra efficiency DEA model to analyze public health service projects and health statistics report data. Results: Community health service resources in Hunan are not fully utilized and the operating efficiency is also unbalanced;decreasing returns to scale occurs in 1/3 cities, which is shown concretely as following: technical efficiency is lower than the scale efficiency and personnel agency input redundancy coexists with service output volume deficiency. Conclusion: Improving the basic quality of community health technical personnel’s and guiding the rational development of community institution scale are the issues need to concern in the process of further perfecting the community health service.
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Objective To evaluate the research input-output efficiency of 15 medical universities,and provide references for improving synthetic research efficiency.Methods Selected research input-output key indicators,and used CCR model and SE-DEA model to statistic and analyze.Results The average value of comprehensive efficiency of 15 medical universities was 0.811,pure technical efficiency value was 0.978,scale efficiency value was 0.827.There were 5 DEA efficient universities,7 pure technical efficient universities among 10 Non-DEA efficient universities.Conclusion The total research efficiency of medical universities in our country remained to improve,and should emphasize adjusting scientific research scale.