ABSTRACT
Introduction :Severe Acute Malnutrition (SAM) is a major public health concern that is linked to a high mortality rate in children under the age of five. Government of Gujarat has expanded treatment network from government facilities to private institutions and non-governmental organizations through various initiative in an effort to address the issue of SAM. To assess the treatment outcome among SAMObjective: children (0-5 years) admitted at Niramay Bal Poshan Kendra, Jam Khambhalia, Devbhumi Dwarka District of Gujarat. A longitudinal study was conducted among SAM children admitted at he Niramay BalMethod: t Poshan Kendra (Public Private Partnership model under Bal Poshan Yojana) which is a day care center providing treatment to SAM children for 14 days according to the protocol of NRC (Nutrition Rehabilitation Centre). Under Bal Poshan Yojana, RBSK medical officers screen children for SAM and refer them for treatment at empanelled NGO/Private institution. Total 1557 under five children were screened by them between 6 September 2021 and 5 February 2022. Out of them 121 SAM children were identified, 95th th children could be mobilized at the study site (Niramay Bal Poshan Kendra). Out of 95 children, 76 SAM children completed the treatment along with all three follow up at the study site. The data of these 76 Children was analyzed. Among 76 children, average weight gain was 566 grams at the time ofResults: discharge and 1000 grams at the time of third follow-up. An average weight gain for the cohort is 5.2 gram/kg/day. At the end of treatment, 92% children moved out of the SAM category at the completion of three follow-up, 55% moved to Moderate Acute Malnutrition and 37% to normal weight category. Conclusion: An average weight gain among the study population was satisfactory. Day care treatment model provides advantage of improved treatment completion rate and higher follow-up com
ABSTRACT
El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar los cambios en el consumo de energía y macronutrientes de niños (as) obesos y eutróficos, asistentes a jardines infantiles JUNJI de la zona oriente de Santiago, como producto de una intervención educativa en alimentación, nutrición y actividad física, sustentada en la teoría del aprendizaje social cognitivo y el modelo de organización comunitaria. La muestra fue de 35 preescolares obesos y 85 eutróficos (4-5 años). El consumo se evaluó durante dos días de semana y uno de fin de semana; en el jardín infantil, se midió mediante pesaje de la ración y en el hogar, por registro de los alimentos y preparaciones ingeridas por el párvulo. Luego de la intervención, durante la jornada del jardín infantil, se redujo el consumo de energía, proteínas, lípidos y carbohidratos (p<0.05), en niñas obesas, así como el consumo de energía y carbohidratos en niños obesos (p<0.01), además de lípidos y carbohidratos en niñas y niños eutróficos (p<0.05). En el hogar, durante la semana, se redujo el consumo en el hogar de energía y lípidos en las niñas obesas y niños eutróficos (p<0.05), y lípidos en las niñas eutróficas (p<0.05). En fin de semana, los niños obesos redujeron el consumo de calorías (p<0.05) y lípidos (p<0.05); mientras que las niñas obesas calorías (p<0.05) y carbohidratos (p<0.05). En niñas y niños eutróficos, también se redujo el consumo de lípidos y se incrementó proteínas (p<0.01). En conclusión, esta intervención demostró ser efectiva en modular tempranamente la ingestión alimentaria infantil, uno de los factores de riesgo de obesidad y enfermedades crónicas no trasmisibles.
The objective of this study was to evaluate the change on the energy and macronutrients intake in obese and eutrophic preschoolers, attending National Board of Day Care Centres (JUNJI), in the eastern area of Santiago, as product of an educational intervention in intake, nutrition and physical activity, sustained in the theory of the social cognitive learning and the model of community organization. The sample comprised of thirty five obese children, plus eighty five eutrophic children (4-5 years olds). Energy intake was evaluated, measuring full two days a week plus one weekend day. At the day care centre, all ingested food was weighed, and when back at home, child food-intake was recalled. During the stay at the day care centres, the intervention produced a reduction in: energy, proteins, lipids and carbohydrates in obese girls (p<0.05), energy and carbohydrate in obese boys (p<0.01), lipids and carbohydrates, in eutrophic girls and boys (p<0.05). When at home, intake reduced in: energy and lipids in the obese girls and eutrophic boys (p<0.05), lipids in eutrophic girls (p<0.05). During the weekend, obese boys, reduced the intake of calories (p<0.05) and lipids (p<0.05). In obese girls the reduction was in calories (p<0.05) and carbohydrates (p<0.05). In eutrophic girls and boys, lipid intake was reduced as well as, protein intake was increased (p<0.01). In conclusion, this intervention demonstrated to be effective in early modulation of preschool children dietary intake, one of the important risk factors for obesity and chronic diseases.