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1.
Rev. gastroenterol. Perú ; 41(1)ene. 2021.
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1508570

ABSTRACT

Portal vein thrombosis (PVT) is a rare condition in the general population that develops serious complications if left untreated for long time. We present a case of a 29-year-old woman who developed PVT due to protein S deficiency versus neonatal funiculitis. Over time, the patient developed upper gastrointestinal bleeding due to esophageal varices and hypersplenism with splenic sequestration that caused minor bleeding episodes. Laparoscopic splenectomy and proximal splenorenal shunt with distal pancreatectomy due to aneurysmal dilatations of the splenic artery were successfully performed to avoid mayor progression of portal hypertension. Patient was discharged with indefinite anticoagulation and after surgery platelets raised up to 200x103/mm3. Laparoscopic splenectomy and proximal splenorenal shunt for portal hypertension due to portal vein thrombosis is an adequate surgery procedure which should be applied in these medical cases.


La trombosis de la vena porta (TVP) es una afección poco común en la población general que desarrolla complicaciones graves si no se trata durante mucho tiempo. Presentamos el caso de una mujer de 29 años que desarrolló TVP por deficiencia de proteína S versus funiculitis neonatal. Con el tiempo, la paciente desarrolló hemorragia digestiva alta por varices esofágicas e hiperesplenismo con secuestro esplénico que provocó episodios hemorrágicos menores. La esplenectomía laparoscópica y la derivación esplenorrenal proximal con pancreatectomía distal por dilataciones aneurismáticas de la arteria esplénica se realizaron con éxito para evitar una mayor progresión de la hipertensión portal. La paciente fue dada de alta con anticoagulación indefinida y tras la cirugía se elevaron las plaquetas hasta 200x103/mm3. La esplenectomía laparoscópica y la derivación esplenorrenal proximal para la hipertensión portal por trombosis de la vena porta es un procedimiento quirúrgico adecuado que debe aplicarse en estos casos médicos.

2.
Rev. colomb. nefrol. (En línea) ; 7(2): 67-77, jul.-dic. 2020. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS, COLNAL | ID: biblio-1251566

ABSTRACT

Resumen Introducción: la enfermedad renal crónica (ERC) es un problema de salud mundial con una prevalencia aproximada del 7,2 % en países desarrollados y del 10 % en todo el mundo; además, es un factor independiente de morbilidad y riesgo cardiovascular que se caracteriza por la pérdida progresiva de la función renal. Objetivo: evaluar la frecuencia de desgaste proteico energético (DPE) en pacientes con ERC en estadios III a IV. Materiales y métodos: estudio descriptivo y de corte transversal. Se realizó una evaluación de los registros de las base de datos de la Sociedad Internacional de Nutrición y Metabolismo Renal sobre pacientes con ERC que contaran con variables sociodemográficas, bioquímicas, valoración global subjetiva (VGS) y medidas antropométricas para el diagnóstico de DPE. Resultados: de 200 pacientes revisados en consulta externa de Nefrología, 60 cumplieron con los criterios de inclusión. El promedio de edad fue de 68,4 años, con una media de tasa de filtración glomerular (TFG) de 47,1 mL/min. Respecto a la ERC, el 61,66 % (n=37) de los participantes fue clasificado en estadio IIIa; el 31,6 % (n=19), en estadio IIIb, y el 6,66 % (n=4), en estadio IV. Ninguno de los pacientes cumplió con los criterios para el DPE. La evaluación de la VGS mostró que el 53,33 % (n=32) de los pacientes estaba en categoría VGS-A (bien nutridos), el 45 % (n=27) en VGS-B (malnutrición moderada) y solo un paciente en VGS-C (malnutrición grave). La mayor proporción de pacientes con bajos niveles de albúmina y colesterol estuvo en pacientes con ERC en estadio IIIb, y los pacientes con índice de masa corporal <23, en estadios IIIb y IV. Conclusión: según los criterios de la Sociedad Internacional de Nutrición y Metabolismo Renal, ningún paciente presentó DPE.


Abstract Introduction: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a condition that is recognized as a global health problem and has an approximate prevalence of 7.2% in developed countries, and 10% in the world population, it is also an independent factor of cardiovascular morbidity and risk characterized by progressive loss of kidney function. Objective: To evaluate the frequency of DPE in patients with CKD stages III to IV. Methods: Descriptive, cross-sectional study. Evaluation of a database of patients with CKD, which will have sociodemographic, biochemical variables, Subjective Global Assessment (VGS), and anthropometric measures, for the diagnosis of DPE of the International Society for Nutrition and Renal Metabolism. Results: Of 200 reviewed patients from the Nephrology outpatient clinic, 60 met the inclusion criteria. The average age was 68.4 years, with a mean glomerular filtration rate (GFR) of 47.1ml / min. Regarding CKD, 61.66% (37) of the patients classified in stage IIIa, 31.6% (19) in stage IIIb, and 6.66% (4) in stage IV. None of the patients met the criteria for DPE. The VGS evaluation showed that 53.33% (32) of the patients were in the VGS A category (well nourished), 45% (27) VGS B (moderate malnutrition) and only one patient was classified as VGS C (severe malnutrition). The highest proportion of patients with low levels of albumin and cholesterol was in patients with CKD stage IIIb, and patients with BMI less than 23 in stages IIIb and IV. Conclusion: According to the criteria of the International Society for Renal Nutrition and Metabolism, no patient had DPE. outpatient clinic in Caldas, with CKD stages III to IV-. METHODS: Descriptive, cross-sectional study. Evaluation of a database of patients with CKD, which will have sociodemographic, biochemical variables, Subjective Global Assessment (SGA), and anthropometric measures, for the diagnosis of PEW of the International Society for Nutrition and Renal Metabolism. RESULTS: Of200 reviewed patients from the Nephrology outpatient clinic, 60 met the inclusion criteria. The average age was 68.4 years, with a mean glomerular filtration rate (GFR) of 47.1ml / min. Regarding CKD, 61.66% (37) of the patients were classified in stage IIIa, 31.6% (19) in stage IIIb, and 6.66% (4) in stage IV. None of the patients met the criteria for PEW. The SGA evaluation showed that 53.33% (32) of the patients were in SGAA category (well nourished), 45% (27) SGA B (moderate malnutrition) and only one patient was classified as SGA C (severe malnutrition). The highest proportion of patients with low albumin and cholesterol levels was in patients with CKD in stage IIIb, and patients with BMI less than 23 in stages IIIb and IV. Conclusion: According to the criteria of the International Society for Nutrition and Renal Metabolism, no patient had PEW.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Renal Insufficiency, Chronic , Nutritional Sciences , Patients , Protein Deficiency , Colombia
3.
Rev. chil. nutr ; 47(5): 782-791, set. 2020. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1138615

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN Una dieta vegetariana se define por la exclusión total o parcial de alimentos de origen animal. Cuando es planificada adecuadamente puede prevenir y tratar enfermedades. Sin embargo, una dieta restrictiva en ciertos alimentos debe ser evaluada. El propósito de esta investigación fue describir parámetros antropométricos, hábitos de alimentación y de estilo de vida en ovo-lácteo-vegetarianos y veganos y explorar diferencias en la ingesta de nutrientes críticos entre ambos grupos. Estudio descriptivo de corte transversal, realizado en ovo-lácteo-vegetarianos y veganos de Asunción, Paraguay, durante el 2015. Se evaluaron parámetros antropométricos,, ingesta y hábitos de estilo de vida saludable. Participaron 17 ovo-lácteo-vegetarianos y 14 veganos. El 67,7 % (n= 21) se encontró normopeso, el 29 % (n= 9) presentó exceso de peso, y el 3,2% (n=1) bajo peso. Se presentó una ingesta inferior a los requerimientos en energía, carbohidratos, proteínas y grasas en ambos grupos de vegetarianos, e ingesta muy limitada de calcio y vitamina B12 en veganos. Las mujeres presentaron ingesta muy por debajo de las recomendaciones para hierro y calcio. Ninguna mujer vegana cumplió con la recomendación dietaria de vitamina B12. Al comparar grupos, se hallaron diferencias significativas en proteínas, calcio (menor consumo en veganos) y fibra (menor en ovo-lácteo-vegetarianos). La suplementación con vitaminas y suplementos también fue muy baja. Los resultados resaltan la importancia de una evaluación constante de la ingesta de nutrientes en una dieta vegetariana, a modo de evitar deficiencias o excesos, y la insoslayable tarea del nutricionista para el asesoramiento alimentario-nutricional a los individuos que expresen interés en adoptar este tipo de dieta.


ABSTRACT A vegetarian diet is defined by the total or partial exclusion of foods of animal origin. When properly planned it can prevent and treat disease. However, a restrictive diet in certain foods must be evaluated. The purpose of this research was to describe anthropometric parameters, eating and lifestyle habits of lacto-ovo-vegetarians and vegans, and to explore differences in critical nutrient intake between both groups. We conducted a descriptive cross-sectional study, carried out among lacto-ovo-vegetarians and vegans in the city of Asunción, Paraguay, during 2015. Anthropometric parameters,, intake and healthy lifestyle habits were evaluated. Seventeen lacto-ovo-vegetarians and 14 vegans participated. 67.7% (n= 21) were normal weight, 29.1% (n= 9) were overweight, and 3.2% (n= 1) were underweight. There was an intake lower than the requirements in terms of energy, carbohydrates, proteins and fats in both groups of vegetarians, and very limited intake of calcium and vitamin B12 in vegans. Women particularly had intake well below the recommendations for iron and calcium. No woman on a vegan diet met the dietary recommendation for vitamin B12. When comparing groups, significant differences were found in terms of protein and calcium, (lower consumption in vegans), fiber (lower in lacto-ovo-vegetarians). Vitamin supplementation was also very low. The results highlight the importance of constant evaluation of nutrient intake in a vegetarian diet in order to avoid deficiencies or excesses, and the very important work of the nutritionist for food and nutritional advice for individuals who express interest in adopting this type of diet.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Diet, Vegetarian , Nutrients , Nutritional Status , Carbohydrates , Proteins , Life Style
4.
Rev. colomb. reumatol ; 26(4): 276-279, oct.-dic. 2019. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1138821

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Acute mesenteric ischemia is a medical emergency that accounts for less than 1/1000 hospital admissions. The disease affects adults older than 50 years predominantly with cardiac compromise, in whom the presence of acute abdominal pain is the cardinal manifestation, and should make the clinician suspect this entity. Its presentation in adolescents is unusual; therefore, in these cases, the possibility of an underlying thrombophilia should be part of the differential diagnosis. The case is presented here of a young female with a protein C and S deficiency as the cause of mesenteric thrombosis.


RESUMEN La isquemia mesentérica aguda es una urgencia médica que se presenta en menos de 1/1.000 ingresos hospitalarios. Es una entidad clínica infrecuente, predominante en adultos mayores de 50 arios con afectación cardíaca, en quienes la presencia de dolor abdominal agudo es la manifestación cardinal y debería hacer sospechar dicho diagnóstico. La presentación en adolescentes es inusual, por lo que, en estos casos, la posibilidad de una trombofilia subyacente debe formar parte del diagnóstico diferencial. Presentamos el caso de una paciente joven con deficiencia de proteínas C y S como agente causal de trombosis mesentérica.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adolescent , Protein Deficiency , Thrombosis , Vasculitis , Abdominal Pain , Emergencies , Protein C , Mesenteric Ischemia
5.
Rev. Assoc. Med. Bras. (1992) ; 65(9): 1151-1155, Sept. 2019. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1041071

ABSTRACT

SUMMARY This report describes the post-bariatric-surgery evolution of an obese patient who had low adherence to the diet and micronutrient supplementation. Four years after two bariatric surgeries, the patient was admitted due to transient loss of consciousness, slow thinking, anasarca, severe hypoalbuminemia, in addition to vitamin and mineral deficiencies. She had subcutaneous foot abscess but did not present fever. Received antibiotics, vitamins A, D, B12, thiamine, calcium, and parenteral nutrition. After hospitalization (twenty-eight days), there was a significant body weight reduction probably due to the disappearance of clinical anasarca. Parenteral nutrition was suspended after twenty-five days, and the oral diet was kept fractional. After hospitalization (weekly outpatient care), there was a gradual laboratory data improvement, which was now close to the reference values. Such outcome shows the need for specialized care in preventing and treating nutritional complications after bariatric surgeries as well as clinical manifestations of infection in previously undernourished patients.


RESUMO Este relato descreve a evolução pós-cirurgia bariátrica de uma paciente obesa que apresentou baixa adesão à dieta e suplementação de micronutrientes. Quatro anos após duas cirurgias bariátricas, a paciente foi internada por perda transitória de consciência, raciocínio lento, anasarca, hipoalbuminemia grave, além de deficiências vitamínicas e minerais. Apresentava abscesso subcutâneo no pé, mas não apresentava febre. Recebeu antibióticos, vitaminas A, D, B12, tiamina, cálcio e nutrição parenteral. Após a internação (28 dias) houve redução significativa do peso corporal, provavelmente devido ao desaparecimento clínico da anasarca. A nutrição parenteral foi suspensa após 25 dias e a dieta oral foi mantida fracionada. Após a internação (atendimento ambulatorial semanal) houve uma melhora gradativa dos dados laboratoriais, que estavam próximos dos valores de referência. Tal desfecho mostra a necessidade de cuidados especializados na prevenção e tratamento de complicações nutricionais após cirurgias bariátricas, bem como manifestações clínicas de infecção em pacientes previamente desnutridos.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Streptococcal Infections/complications , Protein-Energy Malnutrition/complications , Bariatric Surgery/adverse effects , Postoperative Complications , Avitaminosis/complications , Avitaminosis/therapy , Parenteral Nutrition , Severe Acute Malnutrition/complications , Severe Acute Malnutrition/etiology , Severe Acute Malnutrition/therapy , Treatment Adherence and Compliance
6.
Med. interna (Caracas) ; 33(3): 180-184, 2017. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS, LIVECS | ID: biblio-1009102

ABSTRACT

La infección por VIH ha sido reconocida en la actualidad como una condición protrombótica, reportándose en pacientes con SIDA 10 veces mayor riesgo de desarrollo de eventos tromboembólicos de los sistemas arterial y venoso; la literatura reciente ha estimado una incidencia entre el 0.26% y 7.6 %; dicha incidencia se describe asociada a infecciones. oportunistas y/o malignidades. Una variedad de mecanismos potenciales relacionados con factores del hospedador, el virus y el TARV (tratamiento antiretroviral), están implicados en el estado de hipercoagulabilidad en pacientes con SIDA, cuya fisiopatología conduce a alteraciones en la respuesta inflamatoria y de la cascada de coagulación que no han sido bien dilucidadas; sin embargo, incluye la presencia de anticuerpos anticardiolipinas, disminución de anticoagulantes naturales, y otros factores independientes que en conjunto originan morbi-mortalidad creciente si dicha predisposición a eventos trombóticos no es reconocida por el médico. Los autores de este artículo describen 2 casos de eventos trombóticos en pacientes con síndrome de inmunodeficiencia humana hospitalizados en el Servicio de Medicina Interna de Hospital Universitario de Caracas(AU)


AIDS infection has now been recognized as a prothrombotic condition reported in patients with this disease, and have been found 10 times at greater risk of developing thromboembolic events with systemic involvement. Recent literature has estimated an incidence between 0.26% and 7.6%, also described in association with opportunistic infections and / or malignancies. A variety of potential mechanisms related to host factors, virus and antiretroviral therapy (ART) are implicated in the hypercoagulability status in HIV-positive patients, the pathophysiology leading to alterations in the inflammatory response and the coagulation cascade. It has not been well understood and includes the presence of anticardiolipin antibodies, reduction of natural anticoagulants, and other independent factors that lead to increased morbidity and mortality if such predisposition to thrombotic events is not recognized by the clinician. The authors of this article describe 2 cases of thrombotic events in patients with human immunodeficiency syndrome hospitalized in the Hospital Universitario of Caracas, Venezuela(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Middle Aged , Thromboembolism/etiology , Warfarin/administration & dosage , HIV Infections/complications , Venous Thrombosis/physiopathology , Blood Coagulation/drug effects , Internal Medicine
7.
Rev. cuba. pediatr ; 88(1): 88-98, ene.-mar. 2016. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: lil-775062

ABSTRACT

Uno de los trastornos hematológicos más graves del período neonatal es la deficiencia congénita de proteína C, de presentación muy rara, y causa de enfermedad tromboembólica severa y púrpura fulminante en recién nacidos. Se puede sintetizar como una entidad clínico-patológica, de aparición aguda, con trombosis de la vasculatura de la dermis, lo cual conduce a necrosis hemorrágica y progresiva de la piel, asociada a coagulación intravascular diseminada y hemorragia perivascular, que ocurre en el período neonatal. El paciente presentado exhibe los elementos clínico-patológicos que caracterizan la púrpura fulminante, cuyo origen se debe a una deficiencia hereditaria de proteína C, lo cual condujo a la aparición de complicaciones trombóticas severas(AU)


One of the most serious hematological disorders of the neonatal period is congenital C protein deficiency of very rare occurrence and the main cause of severe thromboembolic disease and purpura fulminans in newborns. It may be summarized as a clinical and pathological entity of acute occurrence, with dermis vasculature thrombosis that leads to progressive hemorrhagic necrosis of the skin, associated to disseminate intravascular coagulation and perivascular hemorrhage in the neonatal period. The patient of this report showed the clinical and pathological elements characterizing purpura fulminans the origin of which is due to hereditary C protein deficiency that led to onset of severe thrombotic complications in this patient(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Infant, Newborn , Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation/complications , Purpura Fulminans/etiology , Protein C Deficiency/complications , Protein C Deficiency/congenital
8.
Enferm. univ ; 9(2): 37-45, abr.-jun. 2012.
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS, BDENF | ID: lil-706937

ABSTRACT

Los problemas de salud de la población infantil constituyen un reto diario para otorgar los cuidados especializados de enfermería conforme a las particularidades biológicas, psicológicas y sociales de este grupo de edad. Para afrontarlo es preciso tener conocimiento de los diferentes factores que influyen en el proceso salud-enfermedad, así como compartir con el gremio las acciones que enfermería implementa para cubrir las demandas específicas de atención. Objetivo: Dar a conocer el estudio de caso, de una adolescente femenina con deficiencia de proteína "C" con dependencia en la necesidad de seguridad y protección. Metodología: Se utilizó el Proceso Atención de Enfermería, orientado con la propuesta filosófica de Virginia Henderson, la recolección de la información se realizó mediante fuentes primarias y secundarias, se realizaron valoraciones focalizadas obteniéndose 15 diagnósticos enfermeros de los cuales 5 están en dependencia, 5 en riesgo y 5 en independencia; la realización de los mismos se hizo apoyándose en la taxonomía de la NANDA versión 2009-2011 y en el formato PES. Se detectó el grado y nivel de dependencia de acuerdo a la escala propuesta por Margot Phaneuf, y se planearon las estrategias a realizar para que ella alcanzara su independencia. Resultados: Con las intervenciones que se propusieron en el plan así como las acciones de enfermería se logró que la paciente y su cuidador primario (mamá) identificaran como enfrentar los problemas principales derivados de la pérdida de la visión y el embolismo de tal forma que se evitaron complicaciones futuras. Cabe mencionar que la participación del cuidador primario fue fundamental para mejorar el nivel de dependencia de las necesidades alteradas.


Objective: divulge the study case of a female adolescent with protein "C" deficiency and over-dependency to security and protection. Methodology: The Virginia Henderson philosophy oriented Nursing Attention Process was used. Data were collected from primary and secondary sources. Based on the NANDA 2009-2011 and the PES format, fifteen nurse assessments were made; 5 turned out to be; in dependence, 5; in risk, and 5; in independence. The degree and level of dependency was assessed according to the Margot Phaneuf proposed scale. Strategies to help the adolescent reach her independence were planned. Results: From the proposed interventions and the nursing actions, the patient and her primary care supporter (her mother) identified how to face the principal problems derived from the loss of vision and embolism, and thus future complications were avoided. The primary health supporter role was fundamental to improve the patient's dependency level.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child
9.
São Paulo med. j ; 130(5): 330-335, 2012. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-656283

ABSTRACT

CONTEXT: Nutritional complications may occur after bariatric surgery, due to restriction of food intake and impaired digestion or absorption of nutrients. CASE REPORT: After undergoing vertical gastroplasty and jejunoileal bypass, a female patient presented marked weight loss and protein deficiency. Seven months after the bariatric surgery, she presented dermatological features compatible with acrodermatitis enteropathica, as seen from the plasma zinc levels, which were below the reference values (34.4 mg%). The skin lesions improved significantly after 1,000 mg/day of zinc sulfate supplementation for one week. CONCLUSIONS: The patient's evolution shows that the multidisciplinary team involved in surgical treatment of obesity should take nutritional deficiencies into consideration in the differential diagnosis of skin diseases, in order to institute early treatment.


CONTEXTO: Complicações nutricionais podem ocorrer após cirurgia bariátrica, pela restrição no consumo de alimentos e por comprometimento do processo digestivo e absortivo. RELATO DO CASO: Após ter sido submetida a gastroplastia vertical e derivação jejuno-ileal, uma paciente apresentou acentuada perda de peso e desnutrição proteica. Sete meses após a cirurgia bariátrica, manifestou-se quadro dermatológico compatível com acrodermatite enteropática, verificado a partir dos níveis plasmáticos de zinco (34,4 mg%), que se situavam abaixo dos valores de referência. As lesões cutâneas melhoraram significativamente após 1.000 mg/dia de suplementação de sulfato de zinco, por uma semana. CONCLUSÕES: A evolução da paciente mostra que a equipe multiprofissional envolvida no tratamento cirúrgico da obesidade deve considerar as deficiências nutricionais no diagnóstico diferencial das doenças cutâneas, a fim de instituir precocemente o tratamento.


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Acrodermatitis/etiology , Gastroplasty/adverse effects , Jejunoileal Bypass/adverse effects , Zinc/deficiency , Acrodermatitis/pathology , Acrodermatitis/therapy , Combined Modality Therapy/adverse effects , Treatment Outcome , Zinc/blood
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