ABSTRACT
Background & objectives: The information available regarding delayed adverse donor reactions (D-ADRs) is limited. Proactive follow up of donors for delayed reactions is not done routinely. This study was undertaken to analyze frequency and type of D-ADRs in whole blood donors as also the contributory factors. Methods: In this prospective observational study, all eligible whole blood donors were contacted telephonically twice (24 h and 2 wks after donation) and asked about general health and ADR specific questions. The International Society of Blood Transfusion standard guidelines were used to categorize ADRs. Results: The ADR data of 3514 donors were analyzed in the study. D-ADRs were more common as compared to immediate delayed adverse donor reactions (I-ADRs) (13.7 vs. 2.9%, P<0.001). The most common D-ADRs were bruises (4.98%), fatigue or generalized weakness (4.24%) and sore arms (2.25%). D-ADRs were more common in first time donors as compared to the repeat blood donors (16.1 vs. 12.5%, P=0.002). Females were more prone to D-ADRs (17 vs. 13.6%). Localized D-ADRs were more frequent as compared to systemic D-ADRs (P<0.001). Repeat donors had a lower incidence of systemic D-ADRs (4.11% vs. 7.37%, P<0.001). Interpretation & conclusions: D-ADRs were more common than I-ADRs with a different profile. First time, female and young donors were more prone to D-ADRs. These categories need special care at the time of blood donation. Active follow up of blood donors should be done from time to time to strengthen donor safety
ABSTRACT
Most cases of delayed skin reactions attributed to non-ionic iodinated contrast media, reported to date, have been maculopapular rash, which frequently occurs on the trunk and proximal region of the extremities. Only few cases of fixed drug eruption caused by non-ionic iodinated contrast media have been reported. A 48-year-old man developed multiple sharply marginated, hyperpigmented, oval patches on the trunk and extremities after receiving iodixanol (Visipaque(R), GE healthcare, USA). The patch test was carried out with a panel of the available iodinated non-ionic contrast media, but did not induce a positive reaction to any of the tested contrast media. The provocation test was carried out with iodixanol as 1/10 of the amount administered during the procedure that caused the reaction. On the following morning, the lesions increased in size and number. We report a case of iodixanol-induced fixed drug eruption, diagnosed by a systemic provocation test.