Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Show: 20 | 50 | 100
Results 1 - 9 de 9
Filter
1.
Pan Afr. med. j ; 44(NA)2023.
Article in English | AIM | ID: biblio-1425137

ABSTRACT

Introduction: over one third of total Disability-Adjusted-Life-Years lost in Kenya are due to non-communicable diseases (NCD). In response, the Government declared significant commitment towards improving NCD care. The COVID-19 pandemic increased the burden on the already overstretched health systems in Kenya. The aims of this study are to assess whether health care providers perceived NCD care to be optimal during the pandemic and explore how to improve responses to future emergencies. Methods: this cross-sectional online survey included healthcare personnel with non-clinical roles (public health workers and policy-makers) and those delivering health care (doctors and nurses). Respondents were recruited between May and September 2021 by random sampling, completed by snowball sampling. Results: among 236 participants (42% in clinical, 58% in non-clinical roles) there was an overall consensus between respondents on NCD care being disrupted and compromised during the pandemic in Kenya. Detracted supplies, funding, and technical resources affected the continuity of NCDs response, despite government efforts. Respondents agreed that the enhanced personnel capacity and competencies to manage COVID-19 patients were positive, but noted a lack of guidance for redirecting care for chronic diseases, and advocated for digital innovation as a solution. Conclusion: this paper explores the perceptions of key stakeholders involved in the management of NCDs in Kenya to improve planning for future emergency responses. Gaps were identified in health system response and preparedness capacity during the pandemic including the perceived need to strengthen NCD services, with solutions offered to guide resilience efforts to protect the health system from disruption.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Health Personnel , Delivery of Health Care , SARS-CoV-2 , COVID-19 , Perception , Quality of Health Care , Pandemics
3.
Int. j. cardiovasc. sci. (Impr.) ; 32(2): 110-117, mar.-abr. 2019. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-987748

ABSTRACT

Background: Warfarin is an oral anticoagulant involved in important interactions with foods and other drugs. Objectives: To evaluate the occurrence of adverse events reported by warfarin users and their relationship with drug interactions. Methods: This was an open cohort, prospective study conducted in an 18-month period with warfarin users attending public health clinics of the city of Ijuí, Brazil. Data were collected by means of interviews administered at patients' home every month. Patients' responses were confirmed by review of medical records when patients sought medical care. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics. Potential drug interactions were evaluated in a database and vitamin K consumption was quantified using a validated method. Results: A total of 68 patients were followed-up; 63 completed the study and 5 died in the study period. Mean number of medications taken by the patients was 9.6 ± 4.5, and mean number of interactions involving warfarin was 2.91 ± 1.52. Most potential interactions increased the risk of bleeding, 61 of them severe interactions and 116 moderate interactions. Eighty-seven episodes of bleeding and 4 episodes of thrombosis were reported by a total of 37 and 4 patients, respectively. At the occurrence of these events, 56.5% of warfarin users were also taking omeprazole, 35.9% were taking simvastatin and 25.0% paracetamol. Most patients had a low vitamin K intake. Conclusions: A high frequency of potential interactions between warfarin and other drugs was detected, but a low intake of foods that could possibly affect the effects of warfarin was observed. Based on our results, it seems prudent to follow patients on warfarin therapy for drug-drug interactions, aiming to control adverse effects and to promote a safe and effective therapy


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Warfarin/adverse effects , Community Health Services/statistics & numerical data , Drug Interactions , Anticoagulants/adverse effects , Anticoagulants/therapeutic use , Vitamin K , Omeprazole/therapeutic use , Data Interpretation, Statistical , Prospective Studies , Statistics as Topic , Treatment Outcome , Drug Monitoring , Simvastatin/therapeutic use , Drug Incompatibility , Pharmacovigilance , Acetaminophen
4.
Pers. bioet ; 22(2): 263-270, jul.-dic. 2018.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, BDENF, COLNAL | ID: biblio-990221

ABSTRACT

Resumen En los últimos tiempos se ha desarrollado una gran sensibilización por la humanización de la asistencia sanitaria. Esta humanización afecta las relaciones del personal sanitario con el paciente, así como las estructuras físicas de los centros sanitarios y la organización de la atención. Algunos autores han vinculado esta humanización de la medicina con la llamada bioética de los principios, y, en concreto, con la autonomía como principio bioético dominante. En este breve artículo se expresa la preocupación por el desarrollo de una probable exaltación de este principio (lo que se ha llamado autonomismo) vinculado a este movimiento de humanización de la asistencia.


Abstract In recent times, a significant concern about the problem of the humanization of health care has been developed. This humanization affects the relationships of the health personnel with the patient as well as other issues such as the physical structures of the care centers and the organization of health system. This humanization of medicine has been linked to the so-called bioethical principlism, and specially to the principle of autonomy as a dominant bioethical principle. In this brief article, the author expresses the concern for the development of an exaltation of this principle (what has been called autonomism) linked to this movement of humanization of care.


Resumo Nos últimos tempos, uma grande sensibilização pela humanização da assistência à saúde tem sido desenvolvida. Essa humanização afeta as relações do pessoal da saúde com o paciente, bem como as estruturas físicas dos centros de saúde e a organização do atendimento. Alguns autores vincularam essa humanização da medicina à chamada "bioética dos princípios" e, em particular, à autonomia como princípio bioético dominante. Neste breve artigo, expressa-se a preocupação pelo desenvolvimento de uma provável exaltação desse princípio (o que tem sido chamado de "autonomismo") vinculado a esse movimento de humanização da assistência.


Subject(s)
Humans , Bioethics , Personal Autonomy , Beneficence , Delivery of Health Care , Humanization of Assistance , Freedom
5.
Texto & contexto enferm ; 27(4): e4300016, 2018. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, BDENF | ID: biblio-979401

ABSTRACT

RESUMO Objetivo: avaliar o nível de fragilidade e sua relação com a qualidade de vida de idosos cadastrados em Centros de Referência de Assistência Social em um município do interior do estado de São Paulo, Brasil. Método: estudo descritivo, correlacional e de abordagem quantitativa. Foi realizada entrevista individual com a aplicação de um instrumento de caracterização sociodemográfica, a Escala de Fragilidade de Edmonton, Whoqol-bref e o Whoqol-old, no período entre 2012 e 2016. Os dados foram submetidos à análise descritiva e de correlação com testes de Kruskal-Wallis e Levin e Fox. Resultados: participaram do estudo 217 idosos, com média de idade de 68,5 (±7,35) anos, casados (n=91) e com escolaridade de um a quatro anos (n=112). Quanto ao nível de fragilidade, 89 (41%) não apresentaram fragilidade, 46 (21,2%) se apresentaram vulneráveis e 82 (37,7%) estavam frágeis. Quanto à relação da fragilidade com a qualidade de vida dos idosos avaliados, observou-se correlação negativa, de fraca à moderada magnitude, com significância estatística com todos os domínios do Whoqol-bref e old. Conclusão: diante da relação entre o nível de fragilidade e os escores da qualidade de vida, indicando que os idosos mais frágeis apresentaram pior qualidade de vida, pode-se subsidiar práticas em saúde e políticas públicas para ações de prevenção como forma de erradicar, prevenir e retardar condições de risco.


RESUMEN Objetivo: evaluar el nivel de fragilidad y su relación con la calidad de vida de los ancianos registrados en Centros de Referencia de Asistencia Social en un municipio del interior del estado de São Paulo, Brasil. Método: estudio descriptivo, correlacional y de abordaje cuantitativo. Se realizó una entrevista individual con la aplicación de un instrumento de caracterización sociodemográfica, la Escala de Fragilidad de Edmonton, Whoqol-bref y el Whoqol-old entre los años 2012 y 2016. Los datos fueron sometidos al análisis descriptivo y de correlación con pruebas de Kruskal-Wallis y Levin y Fox. Resultados: participaron del estudio 217 ancianos con un promedio de edad de 68,5 (±7,35) años, casados (n=91) y con escolaridad de un a cuatro años (n=112). En relación al nivel de fragilidad, 89 (41%) no presentaron fragilidad, 46 (21,2%) se mostraron vulnerables y 82 (37,7%) estaban frágiles. En relación a la fragilidad con la calidad de vida de los ancianos evaluados, se observó una correlación negativa de débil a moderada magnitud y con significancia estadística en todos los dominios del Whoqol-bref y old. Conclusión: ante la relación entre el nivel de fragilidad y los resultados de la calidad de vida, que indican que los ancianos más frágiles presentaron la peor calidad de vida, es posible subsidiar prácticas de salud y políticas públicas para las acciones de prevención como forma de erradicar, prevenir y retardar las condiciones de riesgo.


ABSTRACT Objetive: to evaluate the level of frailty and its relation with the quality of life of elderly people enrolled in Reference Centers of Social Care in a city in the interior of the state of São Paulo, Brazil. Method: descriptive, correlational and quantitative approach study. An individual interview was conducted with the application of a sociodemographic characterization tool, the Edmonton Frail Scale, Whoqol-bref and the Whoqol-old, in the period between 2012 and 2016. Data were submitted to statistical analysis and correlation verified by the Kruskal-Wallis test and by the Levin and Fox tests. Results: 217 elderly peopleparticipated in the study, with anaverage age of 68.5 (±7.35) years old, married (n=91), and with one to four years of schooling (n=112). As to the level of frailty, 89 (41%) did not present frailty, 46 (21.2%) were vulnerable, and 82 (37.7%) were frail. Regarding the relationship between the frailty and the quality of life of the elderly, a negative correlation was observed, from weak to moderate magnitude, with statistical significance with all the Whoqol-bref and old domains. Conclusion: considering the relationship between the level of frailty and the quality of life scores, indicating that the more frail elderly had worse quality of life, health practices and public policies can be subsidized for prevention actions as way to eradicate, prevent and delay risk conditions.


Subject(s)
Humans , Aged , Quality of Life , Aged , Frail Elderly , Social Vulnerability , Delivery of Health Care
6.
CCH, Correo cient. Holguín ; 20(3): 479-489, jul.-set. 2016. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-828311

ABSTRACT

Introduction: high blood pressure is a risk factor that could lead to cardiovascular disease and stroke. Objective: to assess the prevalence and association of the modifiable risk factors with uncontrolled blood pressure among hypertensive patients in Medical Outpatient Department in Edward Francis Small Teaching Hospital, Banjul, The Gambia. Methods: a cross-sectional survey was carried out during November 2013; the sample comprised 146 hypertensive patients, after receiving informed consent, hypertensive patients were interviewed about modifiable risk factors. Patients' blood pressure and body mass index were checked, the data was coded and processed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (version 15), a multiple logistic regression model was used to estimate the simultaneous effect of several determinants. Results: the study showed that 52% of patients had uncontrolled blood pressure, 43.8% were overweight, 56.2% had unhealthy diet and 74.7% had physical inactivity, the predicted risk factors for uncontrolled high blood pressure, using univariate analysis were: unhealthy diet (p=0.000) and uncontrolled diabetes (p=0.007), the multivariate stepwise logistic regression analysis showed that for uncontrolled blood pressure the variables included as predictors: physical inactivity(p=0.793), overweight(p=0.631), unhealthy diet (p=0.170) and uncontrolled diabetes (p=0.28) were not significantly associated for uncontrolled blood pressure, the 78.9% of uncontrolled blood pressure had two or more modifiable risk factors, the number of modifiable risk factors were significantly associate with the control of blood pressure (Pearson X2 = 22.667, p= 0.000) Conclusions: the half of hypertensive patient were uncontrolled, the majority of patients had two or more modifiable risk factors.


Introducción: la hipertensión arterial es un factor de riesgo que puede provocar enfermedad cardio y cerebrovascular. Objetivo: evaluar la prevalencia y la asociación de factores de riesgo modificables con la hipertensión arterial no controlada, en pacientes hipertensos del Departamento de Consulta Externa del Edward Francis Small Teaching Hospital, en Banjul, La Gambia. Métodos: se realizó un estudio descriptivo durante noviembre de 2013, la muestra estuvo conformada 146 pacientes hipertensos, después de obtener el consentimiento informado. Cada paciente fue entrevistado acerca de factores de riesgo modificables y se les determinó la tensión arterial y el índice de masa corporal, los datos fueron codificados y procesados usando el Statistical Package for Social Sciences (versión 15). Para estimar el efecto simultáneo de las variables predictores fue usado un modelo de regresión logística múltiple. Resultados: el estudio mostró que el 52% de los hipertensos estaban no controlados, el 43,8% presentaban sobrepeso, el 56,2% seguían una dieta no saludable y el 74,7% inactividad física. Los factores de riesgo predictores en hipertensos no controlados (usando el modelo univariado) fueron: la dieta no saludable (p=0,000) y la diabetes no controlada (p=0,007). El análisis de regresión logística multivariada por pasos, mostró que las variables incluidas como predictores: inactividad física (p=0, 793), sobrepeso (p=0,631), dieta no saludable (p=0,170) y diabetes mellitus no controlada (p=0,28) no estaban asociadas a la hipertensión no controlada, el 78,9% de los hipertensos no controlados tenía dos o más factores de riesgo modificables, el número de factores de riesgo modificables se asoció significativamente con la hipertensión no controlada (Pearson X2 = 22.667, p= 0.000). Conclusiones: la mitad de los pacientes hipertensos estaban no controlados, la mayoría tenía dos o más factores de riesgo modificables.

7.
Rev. gaúch. enferm ; 34(1): 119-125, mar. 2013.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, BDENF | ID: lil-670501

ABSTRACT

Pesquisa qualitativa, cujo objetivo foi descrever as situações vivenciadas e os dilemas éticos dos enfermeiros no percurso de encaminhamento e recebimento, por ordem judicial, de pacientes com indicação de internação em Unidade de Terapia Intensiva (UTI). Foi efetivada entrevista parcialmente estruturada com 10 enfermeiros, que atuam em UTI e 10 que atuam em emergência de hospitais públicos e privados da região metropolitana de Porto Alegre, Brasil. Os dados foram submetidos à análise temática. Os resultados indicam que os enfermeiros vivenciam dilemas éticos consequentes aos problemas de superlotação das UTI e das emergências, da precária tecnologia especializada, da orientação quanto ao benefício concedido pela lei. Concluiu-se que é fundamental a participação dos enfermeiros em debates que possibilitem mapear as diferentes instâncias que têm promovido esta situação, muitas vezes caótica.


Investigación cualitativa cuyo objetivo fue describir las situaciones vividas y los dilemas éticos de los enfermeros en el transcurso del envío y recibimiento por orden judicial de pacientes con indicación de internamiento en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos (UCI). Se realizó una entrevista parcialmente estructurada con 10 enfermeros que actuaban en la UCI y 10 que actuaban en Emergencias de hospitales públicos y privados de la región metropolitana de Porto Alegre, Brasil. Los datos fueron analizados según el Análisis Temático. Los resultados indican que los enfermeros experimentan dilemas éticos consiguientes problemas de hacinamiento en emergencia y UCI, especialista en tecnología pobre, la orientación en cuanto a los beneficios establecidos por la ley. Se concluye que es fundamental la participación de los enfermeros en debates que posibiliten mapear las diferentes instancias que han promovido esta situación muchas veces caótica.


A qualitative study aimed at describing the situations experienced and the ethical dilemmas of nurses in the process of referring and receiving hospitalized patients by court order who require admission to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU). A partially structured interview was conducted with 10 nurses who worked in the ICU and 10 who worked in the Emergency Room (ER) in public and private hospitals in the metropolitan area of Porto Alegre, Brazil. The data was analyzed following the Semantic Analysis. The results indicated that nurses experienced ethical dilemmas associated with problems of overcrowding in emergency rooms and ICUs, poor specialized technology and orientation as to the benefits provided by law. We concluded that it is essential for nurses to participate in discussions that allow the planning of the different instances that have been promoting this often chaotic situation.


Subject(s)
Humans , Bed Occupancy , Commitment of Mentally Ill/legislation & jurisprudence , Emergency Nursing , Ethics, Nursing , Hospitalization/legislation & jurisprudence , Critical Care , Nurse's Role , Nursing Care , Bed Occupancy/legislation & jurisprudence , Brazil , Crowding , Emergency Service, Hospital/statistics & numerical data , Health Services Accessibility , Health Services Needs and Demand , Intensive Care Units/statistics & numerical data , Malpractice , Patient Rights , Patient Safety , Qualitative Research , Socioeconomic Factors
8.
Cad. saúde pública ; 27(4): 787-796, abr. 2011. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-587714

ABSTRACT

Avaliar diferenças na atenção ao pré-natal entre a Estratégia Saúde da Família (ESF) e as unidades básicas de saúde (UBS) tradicionais em Rio Grande, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Foi realizado um estudo transversal com todas as mulheres grávidas que tiveram partos entre 1º de janeiro e 31 de dezembro de 2007 e fizeram o pré-natal na rede municipal. Compararam-se os procedimentos recomendados pelo Ministério da Saúde, segundo modelo de atenção. Dentre as 961 grávidas, as da ESF receberam em maior percentual alguns cuidados (uso de sulfato ferroso, vacina antitetânica, número de exames para HIV e sífilis). Outros procedimentos foram mais frequentes na ESF, mas estavam abaixo do valor recomendado (exame das mamas e prevenção do câncer cervical). As medidas de pressão arterial, altura uterina e de peso foram muito frequentes nos dois grupos. A identificação de gestantes no primeiro trimestre não alcançou 70 por cento. As mulheres da ESF têm um processo de atenção melhor, mas alguns dos procedimentos ainda estão abaixo das expectativas, sendo necessários mais esforços para melhorar a qualidade do pré-natal.


This study aimed to evaluate differences in prenatal care between services under the Family Health Strategy (FHS) and traditional public primary care clinics in Rio Grande, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil. A cross-sectional study was performed with all women who gave birth from January 1st to December 31st, 2007, and who received prenatal care in the municipal health system. The procedures recommended by the Ministry of Health were compared according to model of care. Among the 961 pregnant women, those treated under the FHS received a higher percentage of some forms of care (use of ferrous sulfate, tetanus vaccination, and HIV and syphilis tests). Other procedures were also more frequent under the FHS, but failed to reach the recommended levels (breast examination and Pap smear). Measurement of blood pressure, uterine height, and weight were quite frequent in both groups. Identification of pregnant women in the first trimester failed to reach 70 percent. Women under the FHS received better care, but some procedures still fell short of expected levels, and efforts are thus needed to improve the quality of prenatal care.


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Pregnancy , Family Health , Primary Health Care , Prenatal Care/methods , Brazil , Cross-Sectional Studies , Prevalence , Prenatal Care , Primary Health Care , Socioeconomic Factors
9.
Acta paul. enferm ; 24(4): 459-465, 2011.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, BDENF | ID: lil-600667

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Analisar as representações sociais da equipe de saúde sobre a hipertensão arterial e a maneira como desenvolvem os cuidados específicos aos hipertensos. MÉTODOS: Utilizou-se a entrevista semiestruturada com 21 profissionais de saúde que atuavam em Unidades Básicas de Saúde, a técnica do discurso do sujeito coletivo para organização dos dados e interpretação pela teoria das representações sociais. RESULTADOS: As representações dos profissionais revelaram um distanciamento entre as ações preconizadas pelo programa de controle e as que se realizam nas unidades de saúde. CONCLUSÕES: Os profissionais reconhecem a hipertensão como uma doença grave, com grandes consequências, porém as dificuldades estruturais por parte dos serviços, aliadas à desmotivação do usuário para participação em ações de promoção em saúde, não favorecem um cuidado em saúde voltado para as necessidades dos portadores de hipertensão. Tais resultados indicam a necessidade de ações interdisciplinares na prática assistencial que impactem positivamente na oferta e qualidade dos cuidados.


OBJECTIVE: To analyze the social representations of the health team about arterial hypertension and the manner that develops specific care with hypertensive patients. METHODS: We used semi-structured interviews with 21 health professionals who worked in the Basic Health Units. The technique of collective subject discourse was used for organization and interpretation of the data, using the theory of social representation. RESULTS: The representations of health professionals showed a gap between the actions recommended by the control program and those taking place in health facilities. CONCLUSIONS: Professionals recognized hypertension as a serious disease, with great consequences, but the structural difficulties for part of the services, together with the user's motivation to participate in activities to promote health, did not favor health care focused on the needs of those suffering with hypertension. These results indicate the need for interdisciplinary actions in care practice that impact positively on the delivery and quality of care.


OBJETIVO: Analizar las representaciones sociales del equipo de salud sobre la hipertensión arterial y la manera cómo desarrollan los cuidados específicos a los hipertensos. MÉTODOS: Se utilizó la entrevista semiestructurada con 21 profesionales de salud que actuaban en Unidades Básicas de Salud, la técnica del discurso del sujeto colectivo para la organización de los datos e interpretación por la teoría de las representaciones sociales. RESULTADOS: Las representaciones de los profesionales revelaron un distanciamiento entre las acciones preconizadas por el programa de control y las que se realizan en las unidades de salud. CONCLUSIONES: Los profesionales reconocen a la hipertensión como una enfermedad grave, con grandes consecuencias, sin embargo las dificultades estructurales por parte de los servicos, aliadas a la desmotivación del usuario para participar en acciones de promoción en salud, no favorecen a un cuidado en salud volcado a las necesidades de los portadores de hipertensión. Tales resultados indican la necesidad de acciones interdisciplinaris en la práctica asistencial que impacten positivamente en el ofrecimiento y calidad de los cuidados.

SELECTION OF CITATIONS
SEARCH DETAIL