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Objetivo: Evaluar el efecto de la ivermectina sobre Demodex folliculorum in vitro. Materiales y métodos: Bajo microscopio de luz se evaluó el movimiento y anatomía de los parásitos durante 90 minutos. En una lámina portaobjetos no se aplicó nada y sirvió como control. En las otras láminas se aplicó ivermectina al 0.6 y 1%, respectivamente. Resultados: Los parásitos en la placa de control no presentaron cambios en su movilidad ni en su estructura anatómica. Los parásitos a los que se les aplicó ivermectina en concentraciones de 0.6% presentaron alteraciones de movilidad y estructura después del minuto 30 y aquellos sometidos a la concentración al 1% presentaron alteraciones de movilidad y estructura después del minuto 15. Conclusiones: Nuestro estudio demuestra que la ivermectina al 0.6 y 1% afecta la estructura y función de Demodex folliculorum in vitro.
Objective: To evaluate the effect of Ivermectin on Demodex folliculorum in vitro. Materials and methods: Under a light microscope, the movement and anatomy of parasites was evaluated during 90 minutes. On one plate nothing was applied and served as a control. In the other two plates, ivermectin was applied at 0.6% and 1%, respectively. Results: The parasites on the control plate showed no changes in their mobility or anatomical structure. The parasites to which ivermectin was applied in concentrations of 0.6% presented alterations of mobility and structure after the 30th minute and those subjected to the 1% concentration presented alterations of mobility and structure after the 15th minute. Conclusions: Our study shows that ivermectin at 0.6 and 1% affects the structure and function of Demodex folliculorum in vitro.
Subject(s)
HumansABSTRACT
Demodex blepharitis is a special form of blepharitis caused by Demodex.Demodex folliculorum and Demodex brevis that infect the eyelids are parasitic on the hair follicles and sebaceous glands,respectively.When the number of infections is large or local factors affect the hair follicle and meibomian glands,a series of clinical symptoms and signs are produced.The main diagnosis of Demodex blepharitis needs to combine clinical manifestations and Demodex detection.Patients with obvious symptoms and signs need timely treatment.This study reviewed the epidemiology,pathogenesis,pathological changes,clinical manifestations,diagnosis,treatment and prevention of vermicular blepharitis in order to provide reference for the research of Demodex blepharitis.
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@#AIM: To investigate the effect of Demodex infection on ocular surface function in patients with meibomian gland dysfunction(MGD).<p>METHODS: Totally 94 patients with MGD were enrolled in the Ophthalmology Clinic of Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University from April 2018 to September 2018. The patients were conducted a series of tests for Ocular Surface Disease Index(OSDI), Schirmer I test(SⅠt), tear film break-up time(BUT), corneal fluorescence staining(FL), tear height, superior meibomian gland loss score, inferior meibomian gland loss score, total meibomian gland loss score, and demodex count. The difference between above indicators in the positive group and in the negative group was calculated, and the correlation between demodex count and above ocular surface parameters was analyzed.<p>RESULTS: All 54 patients were tested positive for Demodex, and the positive rate was 57%, which was not significantly correlated with age. The positive rate of Demodex in males was higher than that in females. The superior meibomian gland loss scoreandtotalmeibomian gland loss score \〖2.00(1.00, 2.00)<i>vs</i> 1.00(1.00, 1.50),<i>P</i>=0.02; 3.00(2.00, 4.00)<i>vs</i> 2.00(1.00, 3.00),<i>P</i>=0.04\〗in positive group were significant higher than that in negative group. There were no significant differences in OSDI, S I t, BUT, FL, and inferior meibomian gland loss score between two groups(all <i>P</i>>0.05). Demodex count showed mild to moderate correlations with superior meibomian gland loss score(<i>r<sub>s</sub></i>=0.37, <i>P</i>=0.03)and total meibomian gland loss score(<i>r<sub>s</sub></i>=0.44, <i>P</i>=0.01)in Demodex-positive group. While there were no significant correlation between demodex count and other parameters.<p>CONCLUSION: Demodex mites have a certain effect on the ocular surface functions of MGD patients and it was positive correlate with the loss of meibomian glands.
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@#AIM:To investigate the prevalence of demodex folliculorum in eyelashes of elderly patients with Meibomian gland dysfunction(MGD)and to find the correlation between the presence of demodex folliculorum and MGD. <p>METHODS: The study involved elderly patients(age≥40)who visited Department of Ophthalmology in Fujian Provincial Hospital for the Elderly between September 2017 and March 2018. Patients were divided into MGD group(137 patients 137 eyes)and non-MGD group(96 patients 96 eyes). The patients underwent eyelid examinations by slit lamp, lipid secretion of the Meibomian gland, fluorescein corneal staining(FL), tear film breakup time(BUT). At the same time underwent epilation of eyelashes, and the number of Demodex was counted. The positive rate of demodex was compared between the two groups, the relation of number of demodex with eyelid margin score, lipid secretion of the meibomian gland, FL score and BUT were evaluated. <p>RESULTS: The positive rate of demodex in MGD group was 89.1%, significantly higher than that of group non-MGD 74.0%(<i>P</i><0.05). The number of demodex showed significant positive correlations with the eyelid margin(<i>r</i>=0.89, <i>P</i><0.05), lipid secretion of the meibomian gland(<i>r</i>=0.67, <i>P</i><0.05), FL(<i>r</i>=0.35, <i>P</i><0.05)and BUT(<i>r</i>=-0.37, <i>P</i><0.05). The mild infection rate of demodex mites in non-MGD(60.6%)was higher than MGD(37.7%, <i>P</i><0.05). <p>CONCLUSION: There is a strong correlation between ocular moderate or severe demodex mites infection and MGD, suggesting that demodex folliculorum may play a pathogenic role in elderly patients with MGD.
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Demodex folliculorum is a common mite of the pilosebaceous unit. Usually demodex infestation does not lead to the manifestation of pathologic skin diseases. But, in specific environments such as immunologic deficiency, they can proliferate and provoke cutaneous lesions. A 58-year-old patient presented with multiple, erythematous, annular-shaped plaques on the nose and right cheek. He had a 9-year history of Sjogren disease and she was treated with oral steroids and methotrexate. We found numerous Demodex folliculorum mites through a KOH microscopic examination and histologic examination of the right cheek. Biopsy resultd revealed that Demodex folliculorum mites were contained in the dilated follicular infundibulum. We diagnosed this case as an unusual manifestation of a Demodex infestation in a patient with Sjogren disease. We report an annular plaque-forming demodicidosis treated successfully with metronidazole.
Subject(s)
Humans , Middle Aged , Biopsy , Cheek , Methotrexate , Metronidazole , Mites , Nose , Skin Diseases , Steroids , TineaABSTRACT
Demodex folliculorum is an obligate parasite of the human pilosebaceous follicle. Its etiological role of several skin diseases, such as rosacea, perioral dermatitis, and blepharoconjunctivitis, has been described in the dermatologic literature. A 39-year-old woman presented with erythematous, scaly, papulopustular eruption on the right side of her face. Many Demodex mites were found in the follicles of the affected area. The diagnosis of unilateral demodicidosis was established. Demodicidosis can present with a unilateral distribution, therefore, it should carefully be considered against the differential diagnosis of unilateral follicular skin lesions of the face.
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Adult , Female , Humans , Dermatitis, Perioral , Diagnosis , Diagnosis, Differential , Mites , Parasites , Rosacea , Skin , Skin DiseasesABSTRACT
Objective To study the effect of camphor oil in killing Demodex in vitro and to further analyze the killing mechanism.Methods The mites were collected with adhesive cellophane tape and randomly divided into six groups.The killing effect of camphor oil was investigated with different concentrations against Demodex in vitro.The reaction progress was pictured using Motic Images software.Results Camphor oil had better killing effect on Demodex folliculorum than on D.brevis in vitro.The death rate increased with the drug concentration and time.The most suitable and effective concentration of killing both Demodex folliculorum and D.brevis in vitro was 12.5%.After the drug was given,the mites contracted and twisted,and then relaxed and died.Conclusion Camphor oil has strong killing effect on Demodex in vitro.The main mechanism of camphor oil may be related to direct contact and neuromuscular toxicity.
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Rosacea is a chronic and recurrent inflammatory eruption of the flush areas of the face, particularly the nose, which is characterized by erythema, papules, pustules, and telangiectasia. Although the precise etiology remains as a mystery, various factors including genetic disposition, vascular dysfunction, solar elastotic degeneration, gastrointestinal disturbance, hormonal influences, increased humoral vasoactive mediators, and Demodex folliculorum infestation have been suspected of contributing to this condition. In recent study, it has been reported that a high density of Demodex folliculorum may have a pathogenic role in rosacea, especially in the development of inflammatory lesions. We report an unilateral rosacea-like chronic dermatitis of the left side of the face which was shown to harbor many Demodex folliculorum mites.
Subject(s)
Dermatitis , Erythema , Mites , Nose , Rosacea , TelangiectasisABSTRACT
Demodex is a common ectoparasite in human eyelash. However the occurrence rate and pathogencity are still controversial. The purpose of this study were to investigate the occurrence rate and classification of Demodex from eyelashes and its relationship with blepharitis. We selected 28 blepharitis patients and 132 patients without blepharitis(control group) who vistied St. Family's Hostital from March 1992 to July 1992. The following results were obtained. Demodex was observed in 17 out of 28 blepharitis patients(60.7%) and in 32 out of 132 control group(24.2%). This difference was stastically significant(p<0.05). In blepharitis patients. Demodex index was 19.6 and lash index was 12.2. In control group. Democlex index 7.4 and lash index 5.3.
Subject(s)
Humans , Blepharitis , Classification , Eyelashes , IncidenceABSTRACT
Objective To test the in vitro effect of the extract of Herba taraxaci on Demodex folliculorum. Methods Active Demodex folliculorum were obtained from patients with moderate to severe demodex infestation. Herba taraxaci and Radix stemonae were extracted respectively with 80% ethanol under 85℃, and a preparation with a concentration of 200mg/ml was made. The extractions were used in vitro to examine the anti-mite activity by observing time of killing mites. Physiological saline and Radix stemonae extraction served as blank control and positive control respectively. PH value of Herba Taraxaci extract was noted. Skin irritation test of normal and wounded skin and acute toxicity test were carried out with rabbit shin, and Herba taraxaci and 75% ethanol were served as experiment and control medicine. Results Motion and morphology of the mites considerably changed with the effect of Herba taraxaci extract. The time of mite-killing was (1.50?0.65)min with Herba taraxaci and (3.53?1.04)min with Radix stemonae respectively (P
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Forty-three patients with papulo-pustular rosacea with Demodex(D.) folliculorum were treated for 8 weeks on a random basis either with tetracycline 250 mg three times daily or with metronidazole 250 mg three times daily. Both drugs produced an improvement which was greater after 8 weeks than after 4 weeks, but there was no significant difference between them. The number of D. follilculorum after treatment with tetracycline was slightly decreased, but the number of D. folliculorum after treatment with metronidazole was more decreased than the tetracycline group. Metronidazole appears to be a effective drug for the treatment of rosacea with D. folliculorum.